en-gb	This goes wider than young people known to youth justice services. 
cy-gb	Aiff hyn yn ehangach na phobl ifanc sy'n hysbys i wasanaethau cyfiawnder ieuenctid. 

en-gb	While additional funding from the Welsh Government to prevent homelessness among young people (and the lowering of the age at which young people can hold tenancy agreements) is welcome, there is also a specific need for accommodation combined with trauma informed responses to meet the needs of some children and young people. 
cy-gb	Er bod cyllid ychwanegol gan Lywodraeth Cymru i atal digartrefedd ymhlith pobl ifanc (a gostwng yr oedran pan all pobl ifanc ddal cytundebau tenantiaeth) i'w groesawu, mae angen penodol hefyd am fwy o lety ynghyd ag ymatebion ar sail trawma i ddiwallu anghenion rhai plant a phobl ifanc. 

en-gb	This will require more child and adolescent mental health and learning disability practitioners as well as more accommodation. 
cy-gb	Bydd hyn yn galw am ragor o ymarferwyr iechyd meddwl ac anableddau dysgu plant a'r glasoed yn ogystal â mwy o lety.

en-gb	The complexity of funding arrangements – which is largely a consequence of the complex accountability – is inefficient and diverts effort from work to improve the services themselves. 
cy-gb	4.192.5 Mae cymhlethdod trefniadau ariannu – sydd yn bennaf o ganlyniad i'r atebolrwydd cymhleth - yn aneffeithlon ac yn golygu na chanolbwyntir ar waith i wella'r gwasanaethau  eu hunain. 

en-gb	There is a lack of transparency about Wales specific data and a lack of performance information which records the outcomes of work by youth offending teams to reduce offending and manage out of court disposals. 
cy-gb	4.192.6 Mae diffyg tryloywder ynghlych data penodol Cymru a diffyg gwybodaeth am berfformiad sy'n cofnodi canlyniadau gwaith gan dimau troseddwyr ifanc i ostwng troseddu a rheoli penderfyniadau y tu allan i'r llys. 

en-gb	We have received good evidence from a range of witnesses about the positive impact of the concerted approach in Wales to reduce the numbers of children in custody. 
cy-gb	4.193 Rydym wedi cael tystiolaeth dda gan nifer o dystion ynghylch effaith gadarnhaol y dull unedig yng Nghymru o leihau nifer y plant sy'n destun trefniadau cystodaeth. 

en-gb	The gains made in Wales are acknowledged as good practice by English colleagues who are seeking to emulate them. 
cy-gb	Cydnabyddir yr enillion a wnaed yng Nghymru fel arfer da gan gydweithwyr yn Lloegr sy'n ceisio eu hefelychu. 

en-gb	Devolution of the development of youth justice policy and operational arrangements in Wales would therefore be the best way forward. 
cy-gb	4.194 Datganoli datblygiad polisi cyfiawnder ieuenctid a threfniadau gweithredol yng Nghymru fyddai'r ffordd orau ymlaen. 

en-gb	Such devolution of youth justice, “ given its close links with local government and other devolved functions ”, was a recommendation made by the Silk Commission in 2014. 
cy-gb	Roedd datganoli cyfiawnder ieuenctid, 'o gofio ei gysylltiadau agos â llywodraeth leol a swyddogaethau datganoledig eraill', yn un o argymhellion Comisiwn Silk yn 2014. 

en-gb	It would strengthen the current system; make it more straightforward; enable it to consolidate gains as well as aligning it more closely with distinctive and progressive policies for the wellbeing of the children and young people of Wales. 
cy-gb	Byddai'n atgyfnerthu'r system gyfredol; yn ei gwneud yn symlach; yn ei galluogi i gyfuno enillion yn ogystal â'i chysoni'n agosach â pholisïau penodol a blaengar er budd plant a phobl ifanc Cymru. 

en-gb	We return to consider the arrangements of this in paragraphs 12.69  and following. 
cy-gb	Dychwelwn i ystyried trefniadau hyn ym mharagraffau 12.69  ac  wedi hynny.  

en-gb	We recommend:
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	Building on the reducing numbers of children and young people in custody and those entering the criminal justice system, youth justice policy should be determined and delivered in Wales.
cy-gb	Gan adeiladu ar y gwaith o leihau nifer y plant a phobl ifanc sy'n destun trefniadau cystodaeth a'r rhai sy'n dod yn rhan o'r system cyfiawnder troseddol, dylai polisi cyfiawnder ieuenctid gael ei bennu a'i gyflwyno yng nghymru.

en-gb	Age of criminal responsibility 
cy-gb	f)  oedran cyfrifoldeb troseddol 

en-gb	4.195 There are better ways to deal with children and young people than criminalising them. 
cy-gb	4.195 Mae ffyrdd gwell o ddelio â phlant a phobl ifanc yn hytrach na'u troi yn droseddwyr. 

en-gb	In England, Wales and Northern Ireland the age of criminal responsibility is 10 years old. 
cy-gb	Yng Nghymru, Lloegr a Gogledd Iwerddon 10 oed yw oedran cyfrifoldeb troseddol. 

en-gb	This is second lowest in the European Union. 
cy-gb	Hwn yw'r isaf ond un yn yr Undeb Ewropeaidd. 

en-gb	The lowest is Scotland which is currently set at eight years old. 
cy-gb	Yr isaf yw'r Alban sef wyth oed ar hyn o bryd. 

en-gb	However, the Scottish Parliament has taken measures to increase this with the passing of the Age of Criminal Responsibility (Scotland) Bill, which raises the Age of Criminal Responsibility to 12. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, mae Senedd yr Alban wedi cymryd mesurau i gynyddu hyn drwy basio Bil Oedran Cyfrifoldeb Troseddol (yr Alban), sy'n codi Oedran Cyfrifoldeb Troseddol i 12 oed. 

en-gb	The current age of criminal responsibility at 10 is too young. 
cy-gb	Mae'r oedran cyfrifoldeb troseddol cyfredol, sef 10 oed, yn rhy ifanc. 

en-gb	It does not comply with United Nations Convention on the rights of the child despite the fact that it is partially incorporated into Welsh Law in the Rights of Children and Young Persons (Wales) Measure 2011. 
cy-gb	Nid yw'n cydymffurfio â Chonfensiwn y Cenhedloedd Unedig ar hawliau'r plentyn er gwaetha'r ffaith ei fod wedi ei gorffori'n rhannol yng nghyfraith Cymru ym Mesur Hawliau Plant a Phobl Ifanc (Cymru) 2011. 

en-gb	We consider it should be raised to at least 12  (which will be the new age of criminal responsibility in Scotland). 
cy-gb	Yn ein barn ni, dylid ei godi i 12 oed  o leiaf (sef oedran newydd cyfrifoldeb troseddol yn yr Alban). 

en-gb	According to the Children’s Commissioner for Wales, adopting an approach that better identifies complex behaviours early on, with strengthened preventative and early intervention services, would be a far more effective way of supporting  a child or young person rather than their entering the criminal  justice system . 
cy-gb	Yn ôl Comisiynydd Plant Cymru, byddai mabwysiadu dull sy'n nodi ymddygiadau cymhleth yn well ar gam cynnar, gyda gwasanaethau ataliol ac ymyrraeth gynnar cryfach, yn ffordd fwy effeithiol o lawer o gefnogi plentyn neu berson ifanc yn hytrach na'i fod yn dod yn rhan o'r system cyfiawnder troseddol.

en-gb	 WS099 Professor Kate Williams: 
cy-gb	 WS099 Yr Athro Kate Williams: 

en-gb	1.
cy-gb	1.

en-gb	 WS202 Children’s Commissioner for Wales: 
cy-gb	 WS202 Comisiynydd Plant Cymru: 

en-gb	4. 
cy-gb	4. 

en-gb	We recommend:
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	the age of criminal responsibility should be raised to at least 12 years  old in Wales. 
cy-gb	Dylid codi oedran cyfrifoldeb troseddol i 12 oed o leiaf yng nghymru. 

en-gb	2. offender management and rehabilitation: 
cy-gb	2. Rheoli ac adsefydlu troseddwyr: 

en-gb	the need for an  integrated policy
cy-gb	yr angen am bolisi integredig

en-gb	4.196 In contrast to youth justice, there have been serious problems in prison and probation services across England and Wales, in large part the result of UK Government policies.
cy-gb	4.196 Yn wahanol i gyfiawnder ieuenctid, mae problemau difrifol wedi codi mewn gwasanaethau carchardai a phrawf ledled Cymru a Lloegr, o ganlyniad i bolisïau Llywodraeth y DU i raddau helaeth

en-gb	4.197 The background is that between 1990 and 2019, the total prison population increased to about 83,000. 
cy-gb	4.197 Y cefndir yw bod nifer y carcharorion wedi cynyddu i tua 83,000 rhwng 1990 a 2019. 

en-gb	The significant part of the prison population are adult males which increased in England and Wales by 76%, representing a rise from 44,975 prisoners in 1990 to 79,945 in October 2019. 
cy-gb	Mae nifer sylweddol o'r carcharorion yn ddynion a chynyddodd y gyfran hon 76% yng Nghymru a Lloegr, sy'n golygu bod y nifer wedi codi o 44,975 o garcharorion yn 1990 i 79,945 ym mis Hydref 2019. 

en-gb	This is particularly important given that (1) Wales has one of the highest imprisonment rates in Western Europe, if not the highest, and (2) 56% of the Ministry of Justice’s budget was spent on prisons . 
cy-gb	Mae hyn yn arbennig o bwysig o gofio (1) bod gan Gymru un o'r cyfraddau carcharu uchaf yng Ngorllewin Ewrop, os nad yr uchaf, a (2) gwariwyd 56% o gyllideb y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder ar garchardai . 

en-gb	Unless more money is provided, if the level of prison population remains the same then it will be impossible to reform the  system successfully.
cy-gb	Oni ddarperir rhagor o arian, ac os bydd nifer y carcharorion yn aros yr un peth yna bydd yn amhosibl diwygio'r system yn llwyddiannus.

en-gb	 Para 2.107, op cit n.95: 
cy-gb	Para 2.107,  op cit n.95: 

en-gb	10. 
cy-gb	10. 

en-gb	4.198 If the justice budget is to be properly directed at a reduction in crime and reducing the number of people entering the criminal justice system then fundamental reconsideration needs to be given to penal and sentencing policy. 
cy-gb	4.198 Er mwyn i'r gyllideb cyfiawnder gael ei chyfeirio'n briodol at ostwng troseddu a lleihau nifer y bobl sy'n dod yn rhan o'r system cyfiawnder troseddol, yna bydd angen rhoi ailystyriaeth sylfaenol i bolisi cosbi a dedfrydu. 

en-gb	The present rate of imprisonment is unsustainable. 
cy-gb	Mae'r gyfradd garcharu bresennol yn anghynaliadwy. 

en-gb	The money spent on keeping so many in prison should be used on other aspects of the justice system such as effective non-custodial measures as well as preventative work and legal aid, advice and assistance. 
cy-gb	Dylai'r arian a warir ar gadw cynifer o bobl yn y carchar gael ei wario ar agweddau eraill ar y system gyfiawnder, megis mesurau effeithiol nad ydynt yn ymwneud â charcharu, yn ogystal â gwaith ataliol a chymorth cyfreithiol a chyngor a chynhorthwy cyfreithiol. 

en-gb	Such an approach has proved successful in other Western European countries and in some States in the USA .
cy-gb	Mae dull o'r fath wedi bod yn llwyddiannus mewn gwledydd eraill yng Ngorllewin Ewrop ac mewn rhai taleithiau yn UDA .

en-gb	 op cit n. 
cy-gb	 op cit n. 

en-gb	486. 
cy-gb	486. 

en-gb	the uK Government’s attempts to reform prisons and probation
cy-gb	a)  ymdrechion Llywodraeth y Du i ddiwygio'r gwasanaeth carchardai  

en-gb	In December 2010 the Ministry of Justice published Breaking the Cycle: 
cy-gb	4.199 Ym mis Rhagfyr 2010 cyhoeddodd y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder T orri'r Cylch: 

en-gb	Effective Punishment, Rehabilitation and Sentencing of Offenders . 
cy-gb	Cosbi, Ailsefydlu a Dedfrydu Troseddwyr yn Effeithiol . 

en-gb	It made the case that although there had been reductions in the level of reoffending over the period 2000-2009 there was still a need for fundamental reform of the criminal justice system. 
cy-gb	Er bod lefel yr aildroseddu yn ystod y cyfnod 2000-2009 wedi gostwng, dadleuwyd bod angen diwygio'r system cyfiawnder troseddol yn sylfaenol o hyd. 

en-gb	In July 2011, following on from the policies set out in Breaking the Cycle , the Ministry of Justice published its Competition Strategy for Offender Services 517 . 
cy-gb	Ym mis Gorffennaf 2011, yn dilyn y polisïau a nodwyd yn Torri'r Cylch, cyhoeddodd y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder Competition Strategy for Offender Services 517 .  

en-gb	 Ministry of Justice (2010) Breaking the Cycle: 
cy-gb	 Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder (2010) Torri'r Cylch: 

en-gb	Effective Punishment, Rehabilitation and Sentencing of Offenders .
cy-gb	Cosbi, Ailsefydlu a Dedfrydu Troseddwyr yn Effeithiol. 

en-gb	517  Ministry of Justice (2011) Competition Strategy for Offender Services. 
cy-gb	517  Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder (2011) Competition Strategy for Offender Services. 

en-gb	This set out a new approach. 
cy-gb	Nododd hyn ddull newydd. 

en-gb	Greater competitive involvement of the private and voluntary sectors in the rehabilitation of offenders was to be encouraged with the aim of cutting reoffending, improving outcomes and becoming more efficient. 
cy-gb	Dylid annog mwy o gyfranogiad cystadleuol gan y sectorau preifat a gwirfoddol wrth adsefydlu troseddwyr gyda'r nod o ostwng aildroseddu, gwella canlyniadau a bod yn fwy effeithlon. 

en-gb	The aims were not achieved. 
cy-gb	4.200 Ni chyflawnwyd y nodau. 

en-gb	The scale of competition in the provision of prisons envisaged did not materialise. 
cy-gb	Ni wireddwyd y gystadleuaeth a ragwelwyd o ran darpariaeth carchardai. 

en-gb	There was a requirement for significant efficiencies delivered at pace in the face of a much-reduced Ministry of Justice budget. 
cy-gb	Roedd gofyniad i gyflawni arbedion effeithlonrwydd sylweddol yn gyflym gyda chyllideb dipyn yn llai gan y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder. 

en-gb	This led to a two to three year programme to introduce new ways of working with a smaller budget. 
cy-gb	Arweiniodd hyn at raglen o ddwy i dair blynedd i gyflwyno ffyrdd newydd o weithio gyda chyllideb lai. 

en-gb	Quite apart from a failure to achieve the aims, at the same time many prisons began to encounter operational difficulties on a scale not before experienced. 
cy-gb	Ar wahân i fethiant i gyflawni'r nodau, ar yr un pryd dechreuodd llawer o garchardai wynebu anawsterau gweithredol ar raddfa nas profwyd o'r blaen. 

en-gb	These included increases in incidents of violence, disruptive behaviour, misuse of drugs, high levels of self-harm, the use of technology in criminal activity both within and outside prison, and the threats of increased radicalisation and terrorism. 
cy-gb	Roedd y rhain yn cynnwys cynnydd yn yr achosion o drais, ymddygiad sy'n tarfu ar eraill, camddefnyddio cyffuriau, lefelau uchel o hunan-niwed, y defnydd o dechnoleg mewn gweithgarwch troseddol mewn carchardai a'r tu allan iddynt, a bygythiadau o radicaliaeth a therfysgaeth gynyddol. 

en-gb	The nature of offenders was also changing. 
cy-gb	Roedd natur troseddwyr yn newid hefyd. 

en-gb	Many experienced staff left during the restructuring to reduce costs. 
cy-gb	Gadawodd llawer o staff profiadol yn ystod y cyfnod ailstrwythuro i leihau costau. 

en-gb	As a result serious problems arose. 
cy-gb	O ganlyniad, cododd problemau difrifol. 

en-gb	These have been well publicised as for example in the Justice Committee’s Report Prison Population 2022: 
cy-gb	Rhoddwyd cryn sylw i'r rhain, er enghraifft yn Adroddiad y Pwyllgor Cyfiawnder, sef  Prison Population 2022: 

en-gb	planning for the future  to which we refer at  Paragraph 4.259. 
cy-gb	planning for the future  y cyfeiriwn ato ym  mharagraff 4.259 .

en-gb	The overall difficulty in dealing with offenders was further compounded by three major changes to the organisation of the probation service during the 2000s. 
cy-gb	4.201 Gwaethygodd yr anhawster cyffredinol wrth ddelio â throseddwyr o ganlyniad i dri newid mawr i drefn y gwasanaeth prawf yn ystod y 2000au. 

en-gb	The first change was the creation of probation boards. 
cy-gb	Y newid cyntaf oedd creu byrddau prawf. 

en-gb	The second change was the creation of probation trusts. 
cy-gb	Yr ail newid oedd creu ymddiriedolaethau prawf. 

en-gb	The third change, which was by far the most significant, followed on from, Transforming Rehabilitation: 
cy-gb	Cafwyd y trydydd newid, a'r un pwysicaf o bell ffordd, yn sgîl Transforming Rehabilitation: 

en-gb	A Strategy for Reform  (May 2013). 
cy-gb	A Strategy for Reform  (Mai 2013). 

en-gb	This abolished the probation trusts, partly privatised and re-organised the service. 
cy-gb	Diddymodd hyn yr ymddiriedolaethau prawf, a phreifateiddiwyd ac aildrefnwyd y gwasanaeth yn rhannol. 

en-gb	We describe this and the outcome at paragraphs 4.230   and following.
cy-gb	Disgrifiwn hyn a'r canlyniad ym mharagraffau 4.230  ac wedi hynny.

en-gb	the focus of Welsh Government policy
cy-gb	b)  ffocws polisi Llywodraeth Cymru

en-gb	Again in contrast to the policy of the UK Government since 2001, the primary focus of the Welsh Government’s social policy and legislation, as we have explained in paragraph 2.31,  has been the determination to tackle factors that blight communities and prevent people from reaching their potential and in this way to contribute to a reduction in offending. 
cy-gb	4.202 Unwaith eto, mewn cyferbyniad â pholisi Llywodraeth y DU ers 2001 prif ffocws polisi a deddfwriaeth gymdeithasol Llywodraeth Cymru, fel yr eglurom ym mharagraff 2.31 , oedd penderfynu mynd i'r afael â ffactorau sy'n cael effaith andwyol ar gymunedau ac sy'n atal pobl rhag cyflawni eu potensial a, thrwy hynny, gyfrannu at ostwng troseddu.  

en-gb	As we have briefly mentioned at paragraphs 4.3.4  and 4.15,  there is a much better understanding of Adverse Childhood Experiences on individuals throughout their lives. 
cy-gb	4.203 Fel y soniwyd yn fras gennym ym mharagraffau 4.3.4  a 4.15 , mae dealltwriaeth well o lawer o effaith Profiadau Niweidiol yn ystod Plentyndod ar unigolion drwy gydol eu bywydau. 

en-gb	We heard evidence from both Wales and Scotland about work in hand on this important agenda. 
cy-gb	Clywsom dystiolaeth o Gymru a'r Alban am waith sydd ar y gweill ar yr agenda bwysig hon. 

en-gb	In 2015 Public Health Wales published research  which demonstrates how having multiple adverse experiences as a child (such as abuse, neglect or having parents who misuse drugs and alcohol) apart from their immediate impact on the child will affect that child’s mental health and physical health in the longer term. 
cy-gb	Yn 2015 cyhoeddodd Iechyd Cyhoeddus Cymru ymchwil  a ddangosodd sut mae cael profiadau andwyol lluosog fel plentyn (megis camdriniaeth, esgeulustod neu gael rhieni sy'n camddefnyddio cyffuriau ac alcohol), ar wahân i'w heffaith uniongyrchol ar y plentyn, yn effeithio ar iechyd meddwl y plentyn hwnnw a'i iechyd corfforol yn y tymor hwy. 

en-gb	 op cit n. 
cy-gb	 op cit n. 

en-gb	367. 
cy-gb	367. 

en-gb	The study which mirrored international evidence found that 23% of all adults in Wales during their childhood had been exposed to verbal abuse, 17% to physical abuse and 10% to sexual abuse. 
cy-gb	4.204 Canfu'r astudiaeth a ategodd y dystiolaeth ryngwladol fod 23% o'r holl oedolion yng Nghymru yn ystod eu plentyndod wedi cael profiad o gam-drin geiriol, 17% o gam-drin corfforol a 10% o gam-drin rhywiol. 

en-gb	In childhood, their households included parental separation (20%); domestic violence (16%); mental illness (14%); alcohol abuse (14%); drug use (5%); and imprisonment (5%). 
cy-gb	Yn ystod eu plentyndod, roedd eu cartrefi yn cynnwys rhieni yn gwahanu (20%); trais domestig (16%); salwch meddwl (14%); camddefnyddio alcohol (14%); camddefnyddio cyffuriau (5%); a charchar (5%). 

en-gb	For every 100 adults in Wales, 47 have suffered at least one Adverse Childhood Experience and 14 have suffered four or more.
cy-gb	Am bob 100 o oedolion yng Nghymru, mae 47 wedi dioddef o leiaf un Profiad Niweidiol yn ystod Plentyndod ac mae 14 wedi dioddef pedwar neu fwy.

en-gb	Adverse Childhood Experiences increase the risks of people developing behaviours that harm their health. 
cy-gb	4.205 Mae Profiadau Niweidiol yn ystod Plentyndod yn cynyddu'r risgiau y bydd pobl yn datblygu ymddygiadau sy'n niweidiol i'w hiechyd. 

en-gb	Compared with people with no Adverse Childhood Experiences, those with four or more Adverse Childhood Experiences are:
cy-gb	O gymharu â phobl heb unrhyw Brofiadau Niweidiol yn ystod Plentyndod, mae'r rhai sydd wedi cael pedwar neu fwy o Brofiadau Niweidiol yn ystod Plentyndod:

en-gb	four times more likely to be a high-risk drinker
cy-gb	bedair gwaith yn fwy tebygol o fod yn yfwr risg uchel

en-gb	six times more likely to have had or caused unintended teenage pregnancy
cy-gb	chwe gwaith yn fwy tebygol o fod wedi cael neu  achosi beichiogrwydd nas bwriadwyd ymhlith pobl ifanc yn eu harddegau 

en-gb	six times more likely to smoke e-cigarettes or tobacco
cy-gb	chwe gwaith yn fwy tebygol o smygu e-sigaréts neu dybaco

en-gb	six times more likely to have had sex under the age of 16 years • 
cy-gb	chwe gwaith yn fwy tebygol o fod wedi cael rhyw dan 16 oed

en-gb	 11 times more likely to have smoked cannabis
cy-gb	11 gwaith yn fwy tebygol o fod wedi smygu canabis

en-gb	14 times more likely to have been a victim of violence over the last 12 months
cy-gb	14 gwaith yn fwy tebygol o fod wedi dioddef trais dros y 12  mis diwethaf

en-gb	15 times more likely to have committed violence against another person in the last 12 months
cy-gb	15 gwaith yn fwy tebygol o fod wedi cyflawni trais yn erbyn rhywun arall yn y 12 mis diwethaf

en-gb	16 times more likely to have used crack cocaine or heroin
cy-gb	16 gwaith yn fwy tebygol o fod wedi defnyddio crac cocên neu heroin

en-gb	20 times more likely to have been incarcerated at any point in  their lifetime. 
cy-gb	20 gwaith yn fwy tebygol o fod wedi cael eu carcharu ar ryw adeg yn eu bywydau.

en-gb	Comparisons between people in prison and those in the general population show that prisoners are significantly more likely to have been taken into care as a child; have been expelled or permanently excluded from school; have no qualifications; have prolonged experience of unemployment and/or homelessness; have symptoms indicative of psychosis; have been identified as suffering from anxiety and depression; and have attempted suicide at some point in their lives . 
cy-gb	Dengys cymariaethau rhwng pobl yn y carchar a'r rhai yn y boblogaeth yn gyffredinol fod carcharorion yn llawer mwy tebygol o fod wedi cael eu rhoi mewn gofal pan oeddent yn blant; o fod wedi cael eu diarddel neu eu gwahardd yn barhaol o'r ysgol; o fod heb unrhyw gymwysterau; o fod wedi bod yn ddi-waith ers amser hir a/neu'n ddigartref am gyfnod estynedig; o fod â symptomau sy'n awgrymu seicosis; o fod wedi gwybod eu bod yn dioddef o orbryder ac iselder; ac o fod wedi ceisio lladd eu hunain ar ryw adeg yn eu bywydau . 

en-gb	 Prison Reform Trust (2018) Bromley Briefings Prison Factfile. 
cy-gb	 Yr Ymddiriedolaeth Diwygio Carchardai Bromley Briefings Prison Factfile. 

en-gb	As outlined above, the characteristics and needs of those who have entered the criminal justice system provide a compelling reason for an integrated and clearly accountable system that tackles the causes of crime, delivers offender management in prison and in probation and achieves rehabilitation.
cy-gb	Fel yr amlinellwyd uchod, mae nodweddion ac anghenion y rhai sydd wedi dod yn rhan o'r system cyfiawnder troseddol yn darparu rheswm cymhellol dros system integredig ac atebol amlwg sy'n mynd i'r afael ag achosion troseddau, yn cyflawni dull o reoli troseddwyr yn y carchar ac yn y gwasanaeth prawf ac yn sicrhau y cânt eu hadsefydlu.

en-gb	the distribution of responsibilities in Wales and the need for a whole  
cy-gb	c)  Dosbarthu cyfrifoldebau yng nghymru a'r angen am ddull  

en-gb	  system approach
cy-gb	  system gyfan

en-gb	4.208 In Wales, as we have explained, the responsibility for the services that address the causes of criminality and support rehabilitation is devolved. 
cy-gb	4.208 Yng Nghymru, fel yr eglurwyd gennym, mae'r cyfrifoldeb am y gwasanaethau sy'n mynd i'r afael ag achosion troseddoldeb ac sy'n cefnogi adsefydlu wedi ei ddatganoli. 

en-gb	The methods and approaches to reducing reoffending are described in multiple places . 
cy-gb	Disgrifir y dulliau o leihau aildroseddu mewn sawl lle . 

en-gb	We also received evidence on Wales’ approach to:
cy-gb	Rydym hefyd wedi cael tystiolaeth ar ddull Cymru o ymdrin â'r canlynol:

en-gb	 Social Exclusion Unit (2002) Reducing Reoffending by Ex-prisoners. 
cy-gb	 Uned Allgáu Cymdeithasol (2002) Reducing Re-offending by Ex-prisoners. 

en-gb	WS152 Meee: 
cy-gb	WS152 Meee: 

en-gb	1, WS154 Jamie Grundy: 
cy-gb	1, WS154 Jamie Grundy: 

en-gb	2.
cy-gb	2.

en-gb	accommodation 
cy-gb	llety 

en-gb	education, training and employment 
cy-gb	addysg, hyfforddiant a chyflogaeth 

en-gb	mental and physical health and social care 
cy-gb	iechyd meddwl ac iechyd corfforol a gofal cymdeithasol 

en-gb	drug and alcohol misuse 
cy-gb	camddefnyddio cyffuriau ac alcohol 

en-gb	financial support, accessing benefits and managing debt 
cy-gb	cymorth ariannol, cael gafael ar fudd-daliadau a rheoli dyledion 

en-gb	family and other supportive networks
cy-gb	rhwydwaith teuluol a rhwydweithiau cefnogol eraill

en-gb	changing attitudes, thinking and behaviour 
cy-gb	newid agweddau, ffordd o feddwl ac ymddygiad 

en-gb	supporting the specific needs of women who have experienced, or are experiencing, domestic abuse and have been, or are, involved in prostitution, trafficking and slavery . 
cy-gb	cefnogi anghenion penodol menywod sydd wedi profi, neu sydd yn profi, cam-drin domestig ac sydd wedi, neu yn, ymwneud â phuteindra, masnachu mewn pobl a chaethwasiaeth . 

en-gb	 op cit n. 
cy-gb	 op cit n. 

en-gb	94: 
cy-gb	94: 

en-gb	30.
cy-gb	30.

en-gb	The benefits of a whole system approach to offender management  and rehabilitation are illustrated in Figure 24 taken from the 2016 report of the Institute for Public Policy Research  which argued for rehabilitation devolution. 
cy-gb	Dangosir manteision dull system gyfan o reoli ac adsefydlu troseddwyr yn Ffigur 24 a gymerwyd o adroddiad 2016 y Sefydliad Ymchwil Polisi Cyhoeddus  a ddadleuodd o blaid datganoli'r broses adsefydlu.

en-gb	 Clifton, J (2016) Prisons and Prevention: 
cy-gb	 Clifton, J (2016) Prisons and Prevention: 

en-gb	giving local areas the power to reduce offending.
cy-gb	giving local areas the power to reduce offending.

en-gb	Figure 24
cy-gb	ffigur 24

en-gb	Benefits of the whole system approach to offender 
cy-gb	Manteision y dull system gyfan o reoli ac adsefydlu troseddwyr.

en-gb	Source: 
cy-gb	Ffynhonnell: 

en-gb	2016 Public Policy Research Report
cy-gb	Adroddiad Ymchwil Polisi Cyhoeddus 2016

en-gb	WHOLE
cy-gb	DULL SYSTEM 

en-gb	SYSTEM
cy-gb	GYFAN O REOLI 

en-gb	APPROACH TO 
cy-gb	TROSEDDWYR

en-gb	OFFENDER 
cy-gb	AC ADSEFYDLU

en-gb	MANAGEMENT
cy-gb	ADSEFYDLU AR 

en-gb	AND 
cy-gb	ÔL RHYDDHAU

en-gb	REHABILITATION
cy-gb	ATAL AC 

en-gb	REHABILITATION 
cy-gb	YMYRRAETH 

en-gb	UPON RELEASE
cy-gb	GYNNAR

en-gb	PREVENTION 
cy-gb	DARGYFEIRIO 

en-gb	AND EARLY 
cy-gb	ODDI WRTH 

en-gb	INVENTION
cy-gb	ERLYNIAD

en-gb	DIVERSION 
cy-gb	ATEBION 

en-gb	FROM 
cy-gb	AMGEN 

en-gb	PROSECUTION
cy-gb	CREDADWY YN 

en-gb	CREDIBLE 
cy-gb	LLE CARCHAR

en-gb	ALTERNATIVES 
cy-gb	DIWYGIO’R 

en-gb	TO CUSTODY
cy-gb	BROSES 

en-gb	SENTENCING 
cy-gb	DDEDFRYDU

en-gb	REFORM
cy-gb	DARPARIA-

en-gb	‘THROUGH-
cy-gb	ETH 

en-gb	THE-GATE’ 
cy-gb	‘DRWY’R 

en-gb	PROVISION
cy-gb	GIÂT’

en-gb	This approach is to some extent being adopted through the agreements the UK Government has made with the Mayors in London and Manchester (to which we referred in paragraph 4.80 ) through Memoranda of Understanding. 
cy-gb	I ryw raddau, mae'r dull hwn yn cael ei fabwysiadu drwy'r cytundebau a wnaeth Llywodraeth y DU â Maerau Llundain a Manceinion (y cyfeiriom atynt ym mharagraff 4.80 ) drwy Femorandwm Cyd-ddealltwriaeth. 

en-gb	The Memorandum between the London Mayor and the Ministry of Justice  describes how these changes are intended to facilitate a transformation in criminal justice outcomes for Londoners, including a reduction in reoffending and repeat victimisation. 
cy-gb	Mae'r Memorandwm rhwng Maer Llundain a'r Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder  yn disgrifio sut y bwriedir i'r newidiadau hyn hwyluso'r gwaith o drawsnewid canlyniadau cyfiawnder troseddol i bobl yn Llundain, gan gynnwys gostwng aildroseddu ac erledigaeth dro ar ôl tro. 

en-gb	The rationale for devolution in both Greater Manchester and London is for those authorities to be able to provide more integrated services which better meet the specific needs of these cities. 
cy-gb	Y rhesymeg dros ddatganoli ym Manceinion Fwyaf ac yn Llundain yw i'r awdurdodau hynny allu darparu gwasanaethau mwy integredig sy'n diwallu anghenion penodol y dinasoedd hyn yn well. 

en-gb	There are also some common themes such as improving the experience of victims, shifting resources into preventative and  problem-solving approaches, focusing on young and female  offenders and reducing reoffending. 
cy-gb	Ceir rhai themâu cyffredin hefyd megis gwella profiad dioddefwyr, defnyddio'r adnoddau ar gyfer dulliau ataliol a datrys problemau, canolbwyntio ar droseddwyr ifanc a benywaidd a gostwng aildroseddu. 

en-gb	 Ministry of Justice and others (2018) Working Towards Justice Devolution to London. 
cy-gb	 Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder ac eraill (2018) Working Towards Justice Devolution to London. 

en-gb	However, the current devolution scheme in Wales (as we pointed out at paragraph 4.4 ) presents barriers to a straightforward whole system approach for three reasons. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, mae'r drefn ddatganoli bresennol yng Nghymru (fel y nodwyd gennym ym mharagraff 4.4 ) yn creu rhwystrau i ddull system gyfan syml am dri rheswm. 

en-gb	First, (because responsibility for the whole system is divided between two governments) a significant amount of resource has to be dedicated to trying to overcome the division and coordinate activity so that policy, strategy and operations are better aligned. 
cy-gb	Yn gyntaf, (am fod y cyfrifoldeb am y system gyfan yn cael ei rannu rhwng dwy lywodraeth) rhaid neilltuo cryn dipyn o adnoddau i geisio goresgyn y rhaniad a chydgysylltu gweithgarwch fel bod polisi, strategaeth a gweithrediadau wedi'u cysoni'n well. 

en-gb	Second, funding cannot currently be coordinated, so it gives effect to whole system policies. 
cy-gb	Yn ail, ni ellir cydgysylltu'r broses ariannu ar hyn o bryd, fel ei bod yn gweithredu polisïau system gyfan. 

en-gb	Third, specific policies to meet the particular needs of the people of Wales cannot be put in place. 
cy-gb	Yn drydydd, ni ellir rhoi polisïau penodol i ddiwallu anghenion penodol pobl Cymru ar waith. 

en-gb	As a result there are overly complex accountability structures (as illustrated by Figure 14 at paragraph 4.4 ). 
cy-gb	O ganlyniad mae strwythurau atebolrwydd gorgymhleth (fel yr eglurir gan Ffigur 14 ym mharagraff 4.4 ). 

en-gb	There are also missed opportunities. 
cy-gb	Ceir cyfleoedd coll hefyd. 

en-gb	In 2016 the Wales Audit Office report on Community Safety  commented that national, regional and local priorities differed greatly, were not aligned and risked confusion and uncoordinated action. 
cy-gb	Yn 2016 nododd adroddiad Swyddfa Archwilio Cymru ar Ddiogelwch Cymunedol  fod blaenoriaethau cenedlaethol, rhanbarthol a lleol yn amrywio llawer, nad oeddent wedi'u cysoni a bod perygl y byddent yn achosi dryswch a chamau gweithredu heb eu cydgysylltu. 

en-gb	It concluded that “ ...complex responsibilities make it difficult for public bodies to coordinate a strategic approach to community safety, which weakens collective leadership and accountability and undermines the potential to help people stay safe... ” 
cy-gb	Daeth i'r casgliad bod " ...cyfrifoldebau cymhleth yn ei gwneud hi’n anodd i gyrff cyhoeddus gydgysylltu ffordd strategol o fynd ati i gyflawni diogelwch cymunedol, sy’n gwanhau arweinyddiaeth ac atebolrwydd ar y cyd ac yn tanseilio’r potensial i helpu pobl i aros yn ddiogel... ” 

en-gb	 Wales Audit Office (2016) Community Safety in Wales .WS171 Dr Sophie Chambers: 
cy-gb	 Swyddfa Archwilio Genedlaethol (2016) Diogelwch Cymunedol yng Nghymru. WS171 Dr Sophie Chambers: 

en-gb	2.
cy-gb	2.

en-gb	the poor use of resources and the impact of cuts
cy-gb	d)  y defnydd gwael o adnoddau ac effaith toriadau

en-gb	4.213 The evidence we received described disjointed, often short-term and poorly managed funding streams which are intended to deal with either locality-based problems or a particular social dilemma. 
cy-gb	4.213 Disgrifiodd y dystiolaeth a gawsom ffrydiau ariannu digyswllt, byrdymor yn aml ac wedi'u rheoli'n wael y bwriedir iddynt ddelio â phroblemau yn yr ardal leol neu â chyfyng-gyngor cymdeithasol penodol. 

en-gb	The fragmentation, both of purpose (different organisations having different agendas) and of funding (a profusion of small grants or an allocation of a fraction of someone’s time) serve to frustrate the most committed of efforts . 
cy-gb	Mae natur ddarniog diben (agendâu gwahanol gan sefydliadau gwahanol) a chyllid (toreth o grantiau bach neu neilltuo ychydig o amser rhywun) yn rhwystro'r ymdrechion mwyaf neilltuedig . 

en-gb	Changes of policy direction in the quest for better or faster results further disrupt effort and waste resources. 
cy-gb	Mae newidiadau mewn cyfeiriad polisi wrth geisio sicrhau canlyniadau gwell neu gyflymach yn tarfu ymhellach ar ymdrech ac yn gwastraffu adnoddau. 

en-gb	We have been reminded on numerous occasions of the impact of cuts which makes the failure to use well what is available dispiriting.
cy-gb	Rydym wedi cael ein hatgoffa ar sawl achlysur o effaith toriadau sy'n golygu bod y methiant i ddefnyddio'n dda yr hyn sydd ar gael yn dorcalonnus.

en-gb	 WS011 Advice UK: 
cy-gb	 WS011 Advice UK: 

en-gb	1, WS023 Speakeasy: 
cy-gb	1, WS023 Speakeasy: 

en-gb	2, WS131 Riverside Advice: 
cy-gb	2, WS131 Riverside Advice: 

en-gb	1, WS139 Bro Ddyfi Advice Centre: 
cy-gb	1, WS139 Canolfan Gynghori Bro Ddyfi: 

en-gb	1, WS186 Winston Roddick CB QC: 
cy-gb	1, WS186 Winston  Roddick CB CF: 

en-gb	3, ES third sector, OE022 Anne Fox: 
cy-gb	3, Datganiad Tystiolaeth y trydydd sector, OE022 Anne Fox: 

en-gb	3. 
cy-gb	3. 

en-gb	Attempts at a coherent joined up policy
cy-gb	e)  ymdrechion i greu polisi cydgysylltiedig cydlynol

en-gb	As we have already made clear, the Welsh Government is very active in issues relating to justice . 
cy-gb	4.214 Fel yr eglurwyd eisoes, mae Llywodraeth Cymru yn weithredol iawn mewn materion sy'n ymwneud â chyfiawnder . 

en-gb	The First Minister’s evidence was that, whilst it is difficult to make large inroads into adult and women’s offending, the Welsh Government tries to be as influential as it can within the current scheme of devolution despite the additional resources used to coordinate with the UK Government . 
cy-gb	Yn ôl tystiolaeth y Prif Weinidog, er ei bod yn anodd gwneud datblygiadau mawr o ran troseddu ymhlith oedolion a menywod, mae Llywodraeth Cymru yn ceisio bod mor ddylanwadol â phosibl o fewn y drefn ddatganoli bresennol er gwaethaf yr adnoddau ychwanegol a ddefnyddir i gydgysylltu â Llywodraeth y DU . 

en-gb	Significant amounts of work, involving a wide range of people, are therefore devoted to making the best of the current arrangements.
cy-gb	Felly, neilltuir cryn dipyn o waith,  yn cynnwys ystod eang o bobl, at wneud y defnydd gorau o'r  trefniadau cyfredol.

en-gb	 op cit n. 
cy-gb	 op cit n. 

en-gb	94: 
cy-gb	94: 

en-gb	60.
cy-gb	60.

en-gb	 OE045 First Minister: 
cy-gb	 OE045 Y Prif Weinidog: 

en-gb	2. 
cy-gb	2. 

en-gb	The first Reducing Reoffending Strategy for Wales  was published in 2014 . 
cy-gb	4.215 Cyhoeddwyd Reducing Reoffending Strategy for Wales  yn 2014 sef y strategaeth gyntaf o'r fath . 

en-gb	It was produced in partnership between criminal justice agencies in Wales and the Welsh Government. 
cy-gb	Fe'i lluniwyd mewn partneriaeth ag asiantaethau cyfiawnder troseddol yng Nghymru a Llywodraeth Cymru. 

en-gb	It listed a number of outcome indicators which were to be monitored over the three-year period it covered (2014-2016). 
cy-gb	Rhestrodd nifer o ddangosyddion canlyniadau a fyddai'n cael eu monitro dros y cyfnod o dair blynedd a gwmpaswyd (2014-2016). 

en-gb	It identified a specific range of priority offender groups . 
cy-gb	 Llywodraeth Cymru ac eraill (2014) Strategaeth Lleihau Aildroseddu Cymru 2014 – 2016. 

en-gb	It explored Wales’ approach to integrated offender management and, for each reducing reoffending policy, set objectives with relevant indicators. 
cy-gb	Ymchwiliodd i ddull Cymru o reoli troseddwyr mewn ffordd integredig ac, am bob polisi gostwng aildroseddu, pennodd amcanion gyda dangosyddion perthnasol. Nododd ystod benodol o grwpiau troseddwyr â blaenoriaeth . 

en-gb	For women, there was a pilot project aimed at the development of a whole system approach to reducing female offending across Wales. 
cy-gb	I fenywod, roedd prosiect peilot wedi ei anelu at ddatblygu dull system gyfan o ostwng troseddu ymhlith menywod yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	This included the diversion of women from the criminal justice system and, where appropriate, enhanced community support for women offenders and those at risk of offending. 
cy-gb	Roedd hwn yn cynnwys dargyfeirio menywod oddi wrth y system cyfiawnder troseddol a, lle y bo'n briodol, wella'r cymorth cymunedol i droseddwyr benywaidd a'r rhai sydd mewn perygl o droseddu. 

en-gb	It also aimed at improved resettlement for those released from custody. 
cy-gb	Roedd hefyd yn anelu at wella'r broses adsefydlu i'r rhai a oedd yn cael eu rhyddhau o'r carchar. 

en-gb	 Those presenting high risk of harm and/or reoffending, women, young offenders transitioning to the adult system and armed services veterans caught up in the criminal justice system.
cy-gb	 Y rhai sy'n peri risg uchel o niwed a/neu o aildroseddu, menywod, troseddwyr ifanc sy'n symud i'r system oedolion a chyn-aelodau o'r lluoedd arfog sy'n rhan o'r system cyfiawnder troseddol.

en-gb	We wanted to measure how successful this policy had been. 
cy-gb	4.216 Roeddem am fesur pa mor llwyddiannus fu'r polisi hwn. 

en-gb	Measuring performance is essential for accountability and judging whether the funds spent have produced results. 
cy-gb	Mae mesur perfformiad yn hanfodol ar gyfer atebolrwydd ac er mwyn barnu a yw'r arian a wariwyd wedi arwain at ganlyniadau. 

en-gb	We were concerned to be told that no specific results in terms of data were produced for the Reducing Reoffending Strategy . 
cy-gb	Roeddem yn pryderu nad oedd unrhyw ganlyniadau penodol o ran data wedi eu cynhyrchu ar gyfer y S trategaeth Gostwng Aildroseddu . 

en-gb	We have been able to trace the development of successive policy documents and plans aimed at reducing offending and reoffending in Wales. 
cy-gb	Rydym wedi gallu olrhain datblygiad dogfennau polisi olynol a chynlluniau wedi'u hanelu at ostwng troseddu ac aildroseddu yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	However, with the exception of the evaluation of the pilot project for female offenders, discussed at paragraph 4.270  below, we have not been able, despite requests, to obtain any evidence of the progress being made as a result of these policies . 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, ac eithrio gwerthuso'r prosiect peilot ar gyfer troseddwyr benywaidd, a drafodir ym mharagraff 4.270  isod, nid ydym, er gwaethaf ceisiadau, wedi llwyddo i gael unrhyw dystiolaeth o'r cynnydd sy'n cael ei wneud o ganlyniad i'r polisïau hyn . 

en-gb	 In assessing any evidence, it would have been relevant that the reducing reoffending strategy coincided with UK Government’s failed reforms to probation, described at para 4.228 and following.
cy-gb	 Wrth asesu unrhyw dystiolaeth, byddai wedi bod yn berthnasol bod y strategaeth gostwng aildroseddu yn cyd-daro â methiant Llywodraeth y DU i ddiwygio'r gwasanaeth prawf, a ddisgrifir ym mharagraff 4.228 ac wedi hynny.

en-gb	In 2018 the Welsh Government and the Ministry of Justice published a successor to the 2014 strategy, the five year Framework to support positive change for those at risk of offending in Wales . 
cy-gb	4.217 Yn 2018 cyhoeddodd Llywodraeth Cymru a'r Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder olynydd i strategaeth 2014, Fframwaith i gefnogi newid positif ar gyfer y rheini sydd mewn risg o droseddu yng Nghymru  sef strategaeth pum mlynedd. 

en-gb	This is aimed at promoting collaboration between the devolved and non-devolved organisations focusing on a number of priority areas . 
cy-gb	Ei nod yw hyrwyddo cydweithredu rhwng y sefydliadau datganoledig a'r rhai annatganoledig gan ganolbwyntio ar nifer o feysydd â blaenoriaeth . 

en-gb	Again there are a range of outcome indicators. 
cy-gb	Unwaith eto mae ystod o ddangosyddion canlyniadau. 

en-gb	When we asked about the management of the performance of the Framework we were told that it is anticipated that an official described as the ‘Senior Responsible Owner’ for each priority work area will meet before the end of 2019 to assess progress to date, the next steps and review aims and objectives. 
cy-gb	Pan wnaethom ofyn am y ffordd y rheolir perfformiad y Fframwaith dywedwyd wrthym y rhagwelir y bydd swyddog a ddisgrifir fel yr 'Uwch-berchennog Cyfrifol' am bob ardal waith â blaenoriaeth yn cyfarfod cyn diwedd 2019 i asesu cynnydd hyd yma, y camau nesaf ac adolygu nodau ac amcanion. 

en-gb	Again this lack of a rigorous approach is disappointing. 
cy-gb	Unwaith eto mae diffyg dull trylwyr yn siomedig. 

en-gb	 Welsh Government and Ministry of Justice (2018) Seeking positive change for offenders in Wales. 
cy-gb	 Llywodraeth Cymru a'r Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder (2018) Gweithio i sicrhau newid cadarnhaol i droseddwyr yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	 These are reducing the number of women in the criminal justice system, challenging domestic abuse perpetrators and holding them to account, improving provision for ex-armed services personnel, providing support for young adults/care leavers, supporting offenders’ families following sentencing and working proactively with Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups. 
cy-gb	 Mae'r rhain yn lleihau nifer y menywod yn y system cyfiawnder troseddol, yn herio cyflawnwyr cam-drin domestig a'u dwyn i gyfrif, yn gwella'r ddarpariaeth ar gyfer cyn-aelodau'r lluoedd arfog, yn rhoi cymorth i oedolion ifanc/y rhai sy'n gadael gofal, yn cefnogi teuluoedd  troseddwyr yn dilyn dedfryd ac yn gweithio'n rhagweithiol gyda grwpiau pobl dduon ac Asiaidd a Lleiafrifoedd Ethnig (BAME). 

en-gb	533  WS144 Welsh Government (Cabinet Secretary for Local Government and Communities): 
cy-gb	533  WS144 Llywodraeth Cymru (Ysgrifennydd y Cabinet dros Lywodraeth Leol a Chymunedau): 

en-gb	1.
cy-gb	1.

en-gb	The Framework describes the roles of a number of bodies that are working on this agenda and which feature in Figure 14 at paragraph 4.4.  
cy-gb	4.218 Mae'r Fframwaith yn disgrifio rolau nifer o gyrff sy'n gweithio ar yr agenda hon ac sy'n cael eu cynnwys yn Ffigur 14 ym mharagraff 4.4.

en-gb	It also outlines the ambit of underpinning strategies, legislation and policies. 
cy-gb	Mae hefyd yn amlinellu hyd a lled deddfwriaeth, polisïau a strategaethau ategol. 

en-gb	Whilst the good intentions are to be applauded, we are concerned about the number of groups and committees working on the agenda at national, regional and local level. 
cy-gb	Er y dylid canmol y bwriadau da, rydym yn pryderu ynghylch nifer y grwpiau a'r pwyllgorau sy'n gweithio ar yr agenda ar lefel genedlaethol, ranbarthol a lleol. 

en-gb	Their individual terms of reference and purposes overlap. 
cy-gb	Mae eu cylch gorchwyl unigol a'u dibenion yn gorgyffwrdd. 

en-gb	We have been told that meetings of different bodies frequently have the same attendees and similar agenda items. 
cy-gb	Rydym wedi cael ein hysbysu mai'r un rhai sy'n bresennol yng nghyfarfodydd y cyrff gwahanol a bod eitemau tebyg ar agenda'r cyfarfodydd hynny. 

en-gb	This duplication, or in some cases multiplication, is not a proper use of public funds as many witnesses spoke of the need for even more resources to do the work needed. 
cy-gb	Nid yw'r dyblygu hyn, na'r lluosi mewn rhai achosion, yn ddefnydd priodol o arian cyhoeddus gan fod llawer o dystion y gwnaethom siarad â nhw wedi sôn am yr angen am hyd yn oed fwy o adnoddau i wneud y gwaith angenrheidiol. 

en-gb	In short, there is, in our judgement, a lack of clear, unified leadership and accountability. 
cy-gb	Yn fras, mae diffyg arweinyddiaeth ac atebolrwydd clir ac unedig yn ein barn ni. 

en-gb	This makes it impractical to hold people and organisations clearly to account for rehabilitative outcomes and reducing reoffending.
cy-gb	Mae hyn yn golygu ei bod yn anymarferol dwyn pobl a sefydliadau i gyfrif am ganlyniadau adsefydlu a gostwng aildroseddu.

en-gb	As part of the Framework work programme, the Welsh Government and the Ministry of Justice have worked together to produce two new blueprints, one for ‘youth justice’, the other for ‘female offending’ which were published in May 2019 533 . 
cy-gb	4.219 Fel rhan o raglen waith y Fframwaith, mae Llywodraeth Cymru a'r Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder wedi gweithio gyda'i gilydd i lunio dau lasbrint newydd, un ar gyfer 'cyfiawnder ieuenctid', a'r llall ar gyfer 'troseddu ymhlith menywod' a gyhoeddwyd ym mis Mai 2019 533 . 

en-gb	Both of these documents promote an integrated planning and commissioning of services to support  an agreed policy approach. 
cy-gb	Mae'r ddwy ddogfen hyn yn hyrwyddo proses integredig o gynllunio a chomisiynu gwasanaethau i gefnogi dull polisi cytûn. 

en-gb	To that extent, they build on existing  good practice.
cy-gb	I'r graddau hynny, maent yn adeiladu ar arfer da sydd eisoes yn bodoli.

en-gb	In July 2019, HMPPS and the Welsh Government published a Learning and Skills Strategy for Prisons in Wales , to improve the well-being of prisoners during their sentences and once released and give them the skills they need to unlock their potential, gain and maintain sustainable employment and become assets to their communities. 
cy-gb	4.220 Ym mis Gorffennaf 2019, cyhoeddodd Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi a Llywodraeth Cymru Strategaeth Dysgu a Sgiliau ar gyfer Carchardai yng Nghymru , i wella llesiant carcharorion yn ystod eu dedfrydau ac ar ôl iddynt gael eu rhyddhau a rhoi'r sgiliau sydd eu hangen arnynt i ddatgloi eu potensial, ennill a chynnal cyflogaeth gynaliadwy a dod yn asedau i'w cymunedau. 

en-gb	It followed David Hanson MP’s review of prison education in Wales and his report Reforming Outcomes – a Review of Offender Education in Wales published in March 2019, and supported the HMPPS and Welsh Government framework to help those at risk of offending through skills and employment.
cy-gb	Dilynodd adolygiad David Hanson AS o addysg mewn carchardai yng Nghymru a'i adroddiad Diwygio Canlyniadau – Adolygiad o Addysg Troseddwyr yng Nghymru a gyhoeddwyd ym mis Mawrth 2019, a chefnogodd fframwaith Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi a Llywodraeth Cymru  er mwyn helpu'r rhai sydd mewn perygl o droseddu drwy sgiliau  a chyflogaeth.

en-gb	 HMPPS (2019) HMPPS in Wales Learning and Skills strategy for Prisons in Wales. 
cy-gb	 Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi (2019) Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi yng Nghymru Strategaeth Dysgu a Sgiliau ar gyfer Carchardai yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	However, the blueprints do not contribute to simplifying accountability, managing performance or reducing complexity or to prioritising overall funding. 
cy-gb	4.221 Fodd bynnag, nid yw'r glasbrintiau yn cyfrannu at symleiddio atebolrwydd, rheoli perfformiad na lleihau cymhlethdod nac at flaenoriaethu cyllid cyffredinol. 

en-gb	As blueprints, they set out recommendations for areas to explore further. 
cy-gb	Fel glasbrintiau, nodant argymhellion ar gyfer meysydd i ymchwilio ymhellach iddynt. 

en-gb	These are unlikely to deliver the step change that is needed. 
cy-gb	Mae'r rhain yn annhebygol o gyflawni'r newid sydd ei angen. 

en-gb	Neither document holds anyone clearly to account for the delivery of anything within any tightly agreed timeframe or budget. 
cy-gb	Nid yw'r naill ddogfen na'r llall yn dwyn unrhyw un i gyfrif yn glir am gyflawni unrhyw beth o fewn amserlen na chyllideb dynn y cytunwyd arni. 

en-gb	This is not a sustainable approach to policy making or delivery, particularly in relation to the fundamental reforms required. 
cy-gb	Nid yw hwn yn ddull cynaliadwy o wneud polisïau na'u cyflawni, yn enwedig mewn perthynas â'r diwygiadau sylfaenol sydd eu hangen. 

en-gb	the better use of resources
cy-gb	 f)  y defnydd gwell o adnoddau

en-gb	In order to develop a whole system approach to offender management and to rehabilitation, it is necessary to be able to move funding that is used in tackling the symptoms of social injustice and exclusion (imprisoning offenders) to activity that should help prevent through alignment with other social policies the problems arising. 
cy-gb	4.222 Er mwyn datblygu dull system gyfan o reoli ac adsefydlu troseddwyr, mae angen gallu symud cyllid a ddefnyddir i fynd i'r afael â symptomau anghyfiawnder cymdeithasol ac allgáu cymdeithasol (carcharu troseddwyr) i weithgarwch a ddylai helpu i atal drwy gysoni â pholisïau cymdeithasol eraill y problemau sy'n codi. 

en-gb	This cannot be done under the current devolution scheme. 
cy-gb	Ni ellir gwneud hyn o dan y drefn ddatganoli bresennol. 

en-gb	Scotland has embarked on a comprehensive programme of work to refocus effort and resources to this end . 
cy-gb	4.223 Mae'r Alban wedi cychwyn ar raglen gynhwysfawr o waith i ailffocysu ymdrech ac adnoddau i'r perwyl hwn . 

en-gb	We have also examined studies from other jurisdictions. 
cy-gb	Rydym hefyd wedi archwilio astudiaethau o awdurdodaethau eraill. 

en-gb	The Wales Governance Centre’s report ‘International Evidence on Driving Down Imprisonment Rates: 
cy-gb	Llywodraethiant Cymru 'International Evidence on Driving Down Imprisonment Rates: 

en-gb	What Wales Could Be?’ draws on the experiences of different jurisdictions that have introduced measures to reduce high levels of imprisonment and makes recommendations that arise from them. 
cy-gb	What Wales Could Be?’ yn manteisio ar brofiadau awdurdodaethau gwahanol sydd wedi cyflwyno mesurau i ostwng y lefelau uchel o garcharorion ac yn gwneud argymhellion sy'n deillio ohonynt. 

en-gb	Recommendations include attempting to build a cross-party consensus on a sensible reduction in the size of the prison population in Wales; leading a 
cy-gb	Mae'r argymhellion yn cynnwys ceisio meithrin consensws trawsbleidiol ar ostyngiad synhwyrol yn nifer y carcharorion yng Nghymru; arwain sgwrs genedlaethol am gyfraddau carcharu uchel Cymru a chost anghymesur hynny; a datblygu dull 'system gyfan'. 

en-gb	 Scottish Government (2018) Justice vision and priorities delivery plan 2018-2019 and overview of progress 2017-2018. 
cy-gb	Mae adroddiad Canolfan  Llywodraeth yr Alban (2018) Justice vision and priorities delivery plan 2018-2019 and overview of progress 2017-2018. 

en-gb	An international seminar  convened for us by the Institute for 
cy-gb	Gwnaeth seminar ryngwladol  a gynullwyd ar ein cyfer gan y Sefydliad 

en-gb	Para 1.20.
cy-gb	Para 1.20.

en-gb	Criminal Policy Research at Birkbeck enabled us to learn how the Netherlands, Finland, and other nations had succeeded in significantly reducing prisoner numbers, lowering the social and economic costs of imprisonment and at the same time achieving low reoffending rates. 
cy-gb	Ymchwil Polisi Troseddol yn Birkbeck ein galluogi i ddysgu sut mae'r Iseldiroedd, y Ffindir a gwledydd eraill wedi llwyddo i leihau nifer y carcharorion yn sylweddol, lleihau costau cymdeithasol ac economaidd carcharu ac ar yr un pryd gyflawni cyfraddau aildroseddu isel. 

en-gb	We are sure that the same approach could and should be adopted in Wales as set out in our conclusions to this part of the Chapter at paragraphs 4.271  and following. 
cy-gb	4.224 Rydym yn sicr y gallai'r un dull gael ei fabwysiadu yng Nghymru ac y dylai hynny ddigwydd fel y nodir yn ein casgliadau i'r rhan hon o'r Bennod ym mharagraff 4.271  ac wedi hynny. 

en-gb	To understand the scope for reform, this needs to be set in the context of current prison and probation policy and practice in Wales. 
cy-gb	Er mwyn deall cwmpas y diwygio, mae angen gosod hyn yng nghyd-destun polisi ac ymarfer cyfredol y gwasanaeth carchardai a phrawf yng Nghymru.

en-gb	3. the organisation of her majesty’s Prison and Probation service in Wales
cy-gb	3. trefniadaeth Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi  yng nghymru

en-gb	hmPPs england and Wales
cy-gb	a)  Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi yng nghymru a Lloegr

en-gb	4.225 The day-to-day operation of prison and probation services is managed by HMPPS as an executive agency established on 1 April 2017 in place of the National Offender Management Services. 
cy-gb	4.225 Rheolir y gwaith o weithredu gwasanaethau carchardai a phrawf o ddydd i ddydd gan Wasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi fel asiantaeth weithredol a sefydlwyd ar 1 Ebrill 2017 yn lle'r Gwasanaeth Cenedlaethol Rheoli Troseddwyr. 

en-gb	The services comprise:
cy-gb	Mae'r gwasanaethau hyn yn cynnwys:

en-gb	104 public sector prisons (operational) 
cy-gb	104 o garchardai'r sector cyhoeddus (gweithredol) 

en-gb	13 private prisons 
cy-gb	13 o garchardai preifat 

en-gb	7 national probation service (NPS) divisions 
cy-gb	7 o isadrannau’r gwasanaeth prawf cenedlaethol 

en-gb	21 community rehabilitation companies
cy-gb	21 o gwmnïau adsefydlu cymunedol 

en-gb	5 young offender institutions/sites for young people (part of the 104 prisons) (1 private) 
cy-gb	5 sefydliad troseddwyr Ifanc/safle ar gyfer pobl ifanc (rhan o'r 104 o garchardai) (1 preifat) 

en-gb	1 immigration removal centre 
cy-gb	1 canolfan symud mewnfudwyr 

en-gb	3 secure training centres (2 private) 
cy-gb	3 canolfan hyfforddi diogel (2 sy'n breifat)

en-gb	HMPPS total net resource expenditure in 2018-19 was £4,785 million including Ministry of Justice central overheads and charges. 
cy-gb	Cyfanswm gwariant adnoddau net Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi yn 2018-19 oedd £4,785 miliwn yn cynnwys gorbenion a thaliadau canolog y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder. 

en-gb	A breakdown of the net operating costs of £4,022 million is given in Figure 25 below.
cy-gb	Dadansoddir y costau gweithredu net o £4,022 miliwn yn Ffigur 25 isod.

en-gb	Figure 25   hmPPs net resource expenditure 2018-19
cy-gb	ffigur 25 Gwariant Adnoddau net Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf  EM 2018-19

en-gb	Source: 
cy-gb	Ffynhonnell: 

en-gb	HMPPS
cy-gb	Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi   

en-gb	In delivery of prison and probation services HMPPS works with the following arm’s length bodies, all of which are funded separately by the Ministry of Justice:
cy-gb	Wrth ddarparu gwasanaethau carchardai a phrawf mae Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi yn gweithio gyda'r cyrff  hyd braich canlynol, sydd wedi eu hariannu ar wahân gan y  Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder:

en-gb	Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Prisons – ensures independent inspection of places of detention, reports from a human rights perspective on conditions for, and treatment of, people in prison and promotes positive outcomes for those detained and the public.
cy-gb	Mae Arolygiaeth Carchardai Ei Mawrhydi yn sicrhau y cynhelir arolygiadau annibynnol o leoedd lle y caiff pobl eu cadw'n gaeth, yn adrodd o safbwynt hawliau dynol ar amodau ar gyfer pobl yn y carchar a'r modd y cânt eu trin, ac yn hyrwyddo canlyniadau cadarnhaol i'r cyhoedd ac i'r rhai sy'n cael eu cadw'n gaeth.

en-gb	Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Probation – reports on the effectiveness of work with offenders to reduce reoffending and protect the public.
cy-gb	Mae Arolygiaeth Prawf Ei Mawrhydi yn adrodd ar effeithiolrwydd y gwaith â throseddwyr i ostwng aildroseddu ac amddiffyn y cyhoedd.

en-gb	Prisons and Probation Ombudsman – investigates deaths in custody and complaints from prisoners, children in secure training centres/homes, immigration detainees and those subject to probation supervision.
cy-gb	Mae'r Ombwdsmon Carchardai a Phrofiannaeth yn ymchwilio i farwolaethau yn y ddalfa a chwynion gan garcharorion, plant mewn cartrefi/canolfannau hyfforddi diogel, mewnfudwyr sy'n cael eu cadw'n gaeth a'r rhai sy'n destun goruchwyliaeth prawf.

en-gb	Independent Monitoring Boards – monitors and reports on the treatment of, and conditions for, people in custody.
cy-gb	Mae Byrddau Monitro Annibynnol yn monitro ac yn adrodd ar driniaeth pobl yn y ddalfa ac amodau'r bobl hynny.

en-gb	Parole Board – determines whether prisoners with relevant sentences can be safely released.
cy-gb	Mae'r Bwrdd Parôl yn penderfynu a all carcharorion â dedfrydau perthnasol gael eu rhyddhau'n ddiogel.

en-gb	Prison Service Pay Review Body – makes recommendations to government on pay for operational staff and managers.
cy-gb	Mae Corff Adolygu Cyflogau'r Gwasanaeth Carchardai yn gwneud argymhellion i'r llywodraeth ar gyflogau i staff a rheolwyr gweithredol.

en-gb	Lay observers – regularly monitor the treatment of those detained in prison escort vans and those in court custody facilities operated by HMCTS. 
cy-gb	Mae sylwedyddion lleyg yn rheolaidd yn monitro triniaeth y rhai sy'n cael eu cadw mewn faniau hebrwng carcharorion a'r rhai sy'n cael eu cadw yn y ddalfa ar gyfer ymddangos yn y llys a weithredir gan Wasanaeth Llysoedd a Thribiwnlysoedd EM.

en-gb	hmPPs Wales
cy-gb	b)  Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi Cymru

en-gb	The HMPPS in Wales Directorate was originally established in 2014-15, as a result of increasing recognition of the distinct differences arising from devolution, and in particular the Welsh Government’s responsibility for the design and delivery of a wide range of public services essential to rehabilitation and reducing reoffending. 
cy-gb	4.228 Sefydlwyd Cyfarwyddiaeth Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi yng Nghymru yn wreiddiol yn 2014-15, o ganlyniad i gydnabyddiaeth gynyddol o'r gwahaniaethau penodol a ddeilliodd o ddatganoli ac, yn enwedig, gyfrifoldeb Llywodraeth Cymru am gynllunio a chyflawni ystod eang o wasanaethau cyhoeddus sy'n hanfodol i adsefydlu a gostwng aildroseddu. 

en-gb	All of Wales’ prison and probation services are led and managed by a Wales-based and Walesfocused directorate with clear lines of accountability to one senior manager. 
cy-gb	Caiff pob un o wasanaethau carchardai a phrawf Cymru eu harwain a'u rheoli gan gyfarwyddiaeth yng Nghymru sy'n canolbwyntio ar Gymru gyda llinellau atebolrwydd clir i un uwch-reolwr. 

en-gb	These arrangements have achieved greater alignment in Wales between prison services and probation services than anywhere else in the UK. 
cy-gb	Mae'r trefniadau hyn wedi cyflawni mwy o gysondeb yng Nghymru rhwng gwasanaethau prawf a gwasanaethau carchardai nag yn unrhyw le arall yn y DU. 

en-gb	In England, the management of the two functions is the separate responsibility of two Directors General; in Scotland and Northern Ireland the two services are overseen by entirely separate departments (both national and local government).
cy-gb	Yn Lloegr, cyfrifoldeb dau Gyfarwyddwr Cyffredinol ar wahân yw'r gwaith o reoli'r ddwy swyddogaeth; yn yr Alban a Gogledd Iwerddon, goruchwylir y ddau wasanaeth gan adrannau hollol ar wahân (llywodraeth genedlaethol a lleol). 

en-gb	As set out in paragraph 2.108,  the operating expenditure for HMPPS Wales Directorate in the 2018-19 financial year was £212.6 million. 
cy-gb	4.229 Fel y nodir ym mharagraff 2.108 , gwariant gweithredol cyfarwyddiaeth Cymru Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi ym mlwyddyn ariannol 2018-2019 oedd £212.6 miliwn. 

en-gb	However, this figure does not amount to the total costs of running prison and probation services in and for Wales, as it does not include:
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, nid yw'r ffigur hwn yn gyfystyr â chyfanswm costau rhedeg gwasanaethau carchardai a phrawf yng Nghymru ac ar gyfer Cymru, gan nad yw'n cynnwys:

en-gb	the cost of Welsh (where known) prisoners held in English prisons (for example women or adult men held in high security and other prisons)
cy-gb	cost carcharorion o Gymru (lle y bo'n hysbys) a gedwir mewn carchardai yn Lloegr (er enghraifft menywod neu ddynion a gedwir mewn carchardai tra diogel a charchardai eraill)

en-gb	Wales’ proportion of the costs of the arm’s length bodies referred to at paragraph 4.227 
cy-gb	cyfran Cymru o gostau'r cyrff hyd braich y cyfeirir atynt ym mharagraff 4.227 

en-gb	a range of operational support functions: 
cy-gb	ystod o swyddogaethau cymorth gweithredol: 

en-gb	for example, human resources and training; estate transformation; security, order and counter-terrorism matters and liaison with many of the bodies listed in paragraph 4.84  on policing above; rehabilitation and audit/operational assurance 
cy-gb	er enghraifft, adnoddau dynol a hyfforddiant; trawsnewid ystadau; materion ynghylch diogelwch, trefn a gwrthderfysgaeth, a chyswllt â llawer o'r cyrff a restrir ym mharagraff 4.84  ar blismona uchod; adsefydlu a sicrwydd archwilio/gweithredol 

en-gb	electronic monitoring
cy-gb	monitro electronig

en-gb	prisoner escort and transfer services
cy-gb	gwasanaethau hebrwng a throsglwyddo carcharorion

en-gb	research and development, including data analytics
cy-gb	ymchwil a datblygu, gan gynnwys dadansoddi data

en-gb	policy responsibilities – which are shared between the Ministry of Justice and the agency.
cy-gb	cyfrifoldebau polisi – a rennir rhwng y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder a'r asiantaeth.

en-gb	It will include the cost of English prisoners (where known) held in Welsh prisons, but the list above is not exhaustive.
cy-gb	Bydd yn cynnwys cost carcharorion o Loegr (lle y bo hynny'n hysbys) a gedwir mewn carchardai yng Nghymru, ond nid yw'r rhestr uchod  yn gynhwysfawr.

en-gb	4. Probation and what works to reduce reoffending
cy-gb	4. y gwasanaeth prawf a'r hyn sy'n gweithio i ostwng aildroseddu

en-gb	Purpose of probation 
cy-gb	a)  Diben y gwasanaeth prawf 

en-gb	4.230 The five purposes of probation  are:
cy-gb	4.230 Pum diben y gwasanaeth prawf  yw:

en-gb	Criminal Justice and Court Services Act 2000.
cy-gb	Deddf Cyfiawnder Troseddol a Gwasanaethau Llys 2000.

en-gb	the protection of the public; 
cy-gb	amddiffyn y cyhoedd; 

en-gb	the reduction of reoffending; 
cy-gb	gostwng aildroseddu; 

en-gb	the proper punishment of offenders; 
cy-gb	cosbi troseddwyr yn briodol; 

en-gb	ensuring offenders’ awareness of the effects of crime on the victims of crime and the public; and
cy-gb	sicrhau bod troseddwyr yn ymwybodol o effeithiau troseddu ar ddioddefwyr troseddau a'r cyhoedd;

en-gb	the rehabilitation of offenders.
cy-gb	adsefydlu troseddwyr.

en-gb	Current theory on how rehabilitation works is founded on a belief in moral redeemability , and the assumption that people can change and that a person’s past is not his or her destiny. 
cy-gb	Mae'r ddamcaniaeth gyfredol o'r modd y mae adsefydlu'n gweithio wedi ei seilio ar achubiaeth foesol , a'r dybiaeth y gall pobl newid ac nad gorffennol rhywun yw ei dynged. 

en-gb	Criminality is not on this approach a permanent trait, but rather an adaptation to a person’s life circumstances that can be changed by altering those circumstances or self-understanding. 
cy-gb	O ran y dull gweithredu hwn, nid yw troseddoldeb yn nodwedd barhaol, ond yn hytrach yn addasiad o amgylchiadau bywyd rhywun y gellir eu newid drwy addasu'r amgylchiadau hynny neu hunanddealltwriaeth. 

en-gb	There is good evidence that this approach can work. 
cy-gb	Mae tystiolaeth dda y gall y dull gweithredu hwn weithio. 

en-gb	To turn away from crime, an individual must decide to change and then follow it through. 
cy-gb	Er mwyn troi cefn ar droseddu, rhaid i unigolyn benderfynu newid a dilyn hynny drwodd. 

en-gb	For many under probation supervision, change is very difficult to contemplate or to sustain. 
cy-gb	I'r sawl sy'n cael eu goruchwylio gan y gwasanaeth prawf, mae'n anodd iawn ystyried neu gynnal newid. 

en-gb	Skilled probation professionals help individuals to recognise that they need to change; then help them to see the advantages of changing; and support and encourage them when they decide to change; and then help them to work out the best ways of avoiding slipping back into their old ways . 
cy-gb	Mae gweithwyr prawf medrus proffesiynol yn helpu unigolion i gydnabod bod angen iddynt newid; a'u helpu wedyn i weld manteision newid; a'u cefnogi a'u hannog pan benderfynant newid; a'u helpu wedyn i weld beth yw'r ffordd orau o osgoi llithro'n ôl i'w hen ffyrdd .  

en-gb	That change is not a simple incremental process as good intentions do not always stick. 
cy-gb	Nid yw'r newid hwnnw yn broses gynyddrannol syml gan nad yw bwriadau da bob amser yn cael eu cynnal. 

en-gb	 Maruna, S and King, A (2009) Once a Criminal, Always a Criminal? 
cy-gb	 Maruna, S a King, A (2009) Once a Criminal, Always a Criminal? 

en-gb	‘Redeemability’ and the Psychology of Punitive Public Attitudes.  
cy-gb	‘Redeemability’ and the Psychology of Punitive Public Attitudes. 

en-gb	European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 15(1): 
cy-gb	European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 15(1): 

en-gb	7-24.
cy-gb	7-24.

en-gb	 Miller, W and Rollnick, S (2002) Motivational Interviewing: 
cy-gb	 Miller, W a Rollnick, S (2002) Motivational Interviewing: 

en-gb	Preparing People for Change. 
cy-gb	Preparing People for Change. 

en-gb	The work of the probation service for these purposes has been well summarised by the former Chief Inspector of Probation, Dame  Glenys Stacey :
cy-gb	Mae gwaith y gwasanaeth prawf at y dibenion hyn wedi ei grynhoi'n dda gan y Cyn-Brif Arolygydd Prawf, y Fonesig Glenys Stacey :

en-gb	 HM Inspectorate of Probation (2019) Report of the Chief Inspector of Probation describes the 2013 reforms are “irredeemably flawed”.
cy-gb	 Arolygiaeth Prawf Ei Mawrhydi (2019) Mae adroddiad y Prif Arolygydd Prawf yn disgrifio diwygiadau 2013 fel rhai sydd yn  “irredeemably flawed”.

en-gb	Probation supervision itself, and the key relationship between the probation professional and the individual, can be pivotal in turning people away from crime; that relationship needs to be both supportive and challenging.
cy-gb	Gall goruchwyliaeth y gwasanaeth prawf ynddi ei hun a'r gydberthynas allweddol rhwng y gweithiwr prawf proffesiynol a'r unigolyn, fod yn ganolog wrth droi pobl oddi wrth droseddu; mae angen i'r gydberthynas honno fod yn gefnogol a heriol.

en-gb	Supportive approaches – matched to individual need – are more likely to work to reduce crime than tougher approaches and sanctions.
cy-gb	Mae dulliau gweithredu cefnogol – sy'n cyfateb i angen unigol – yn fwy tebygol o weithio i ostwng troseddu na dulliau a chosbau mwy llym.

en-gb	The timing and sequencing of interventions are important.
cy-gb	Mae amseriad a dilyniant ymyriadau yn bwysig.

en-gb	Work that helps offenders develop pro-social social networks, or increase their sense of agency, self-efficacy and good problem-solving skills, may be effective.
cy-gb	Gall gwaith sy'n helpu troseddwyr i ddatblygu rhwydweithiau cymdeithasol rhag-gymdeithasol, neu waith sy'n cynyddu eu hymdeimlad o gyfrwng, hunaneffeithiolrwydd a sgiliau datrys problemau da, fod yn effeithiol.

en-gb	There is a strong evidence base for cognitive behavioural programmes which address the underlying reasons why each individual offends. 
cy-gb	Mae sylfaen dystiolaeth gadarn dros raglenni gwybyddolymddygiadol sy'n mynd i'r afael â'r rhesymau sylfaenol  am droseddu.

en-gb	Holistic interventions that address the multiple reasons for an individual’s offending are likely to be more successful. 
cy-gb	Mae ymyriadau cyfannol sy'n mynd i'r afael â'r rhesymau lluosog am droseddu yn debygol o fod yn fwy llwyddiannus. 

en-gb	Intensive supervision programmes which emphasise control over support may not work, while those which combine support with sanctions are more successful. 
cy-gb	Efallai na fydd rhaglenni goruchwylio dwys sy'n pwysleisio rheolaeth dros gymorth yn gweithio, ond bydd y rhai sy'n cyfuno cymorth â chosbau yn fwy llwyddiannus. 

en-gb	4.233 To carry out this work all fully qualified probation officers are required to have a second degree – the Professional Qualification in Probation. 
cy-gb	4.233 Er mwyn cyflawni'r gwaith hwn mae'n rhaid i bob swyddog prawf cwbl gymwys gael ail radd – y Cymhwyster Proffesiynol mewn Profiannaeth. 

en-gb	This training provides them with the skills and knowledge to recognise, gauge and manage the risks an individual offender represents to the public – of reoffending and of serious harm – regardless of context. 
cy-gb	Mae'r hyfforddiant hwn yn rhoi'r sgiliau a'r wybodaeth iddynt i adnabod, mesur a rheoli'r risgiau y mae troseddwr yn eu peri i'r cyhoedd – o aildroseddu ac o niwed difrifol – ni waeth beth fo'r cyd-destun.

en-gb	the uK Government’s unsuccessful reforms to probation
cy-gb	b)  Diwygiadau aflwyddiannus Llywodraeth y Du i'r gwasanaeth prawf

en-gb	4.234 As we have mentioned in paragraph 4.201,  in May 2013 the White Paper, Transforming Rehabilitation: 
cy-gb	4.234 Fel y soniwyd ym mharagraff 4.201,  ym mis Mai 2013 nododd y Papur Gwyn, Transforming Rehabilitation: 

en-gb	A Strategy for Reform  set out the Government’s intention to implement major structural reform and introduce a number of changes to the organisations that delivered probation services and what was delivered as part of probation. 
cy-gb	A Strategy for Reform  fwriad y Llywodraeth i weithredu camau diwygio strwythurol mawr a chyflwyno nifer o newidiadau i'r sefydliadau sy'n darparu gwasanaethau prawf a'r hyn a ddarperir fel rhan o'r gwasanaeth prawf. 

en-gb	The key changes are summarised in the June 2018 Justice Select Committee report on the Transforming Rehabilitation programme 542 . 
cy-gb	Crynhoir y newidiadau allweddol yn adroddiad y Pwyllgor Dethol Cyfiawnder ym mis Mehefin 2018 ar y rhaglen Gweddnewid Adsefydlu . 

en-gb	The delivery of probation services was divided into two parts: 
cy-gb	Rhannwyd y modd y darperir y gwasanaethau prawf yn ddwy ran: 

en-gb	the National Probation Service (NPS) and Community Rehabilitation Companies. 
cy-gb	y Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol a'r Cwmnïau Adsefydlu Cymunedol. 

en-gb	The NPS became a public body. 
cy-gb	Daeth y Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol yn gorff cyhoeddus. 

en-gb	Its staff transferred from the 35 preexisting probation trusts and became civil servants. 
cy-gb	Trosglwyddodd ei staff o 35 o ymddiriedolaethau prawf a oedd eisoes yn bodoli a daethant yn weision sifil. 

en-gb	The NPS became responsible for handling offenders presenting a “ higher risk of serious harm or with prior history of domestic violence and sexual offences ” and for advising the courts on sentencing of all offenders. 
cy-gb	Daeth y Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol yn gyfrifol am drin troseddwyr a oedd yn peri risg uwch o niwed difrifol neu a oedd â hanes blaenorol o drais domestig a throseddau rhywiol ac am gynghori'r llysoedd ar ddedfryd pob troseddwr. 

en-gb	The Community Rehabilitation Companies are private and/or third sector organisations (mainly in the private sector) who are contracted to work with offenders presenting a low or medium risk of harm. 
cy-gb	Mae'r Cwmnïau Adsefydlu Cymunedol yn sefydliadau preifat a/neu drydydd sector (yn y sector preifat yn bennaf) sydd wedi'u contractio i weithio gyda throseddwyr sy'n peri risg isel neu ganolig o niwed. 

en-gb	The contract between the UK Government and the Community Rehabilitation Companies contains an element of payment by results which links payment to reoffending outcomes achieved. 
cy-gb	Mae'r contract rhwng Llywodraeth y DU a'r Cwmnïau Adsefydlu Cymunedol yn cynnwys elfen o daliadau yn ôl canlyniadau sy'n cysylltu tâl â chanlyniadau aildroseddu a gyflawnir. 

en-gb	Two reoffending measures are used to assess the performance of the NPS and the Community Rehabilitation Companies: 
cy-gb	Defnyddir dau fesur aildroseddu i asesu perfformiad y Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol a'r Cwmnïau Adsefydlu Cymunedol: 

en-gb	The proportion of offenders who reoffend.
cy-gb	Cyfran y troseddwyr sy'n aildroseddu.

en-gb	The average number of further offences per offender. 
cy-gb	Nifer cyfartalog y troseddau pellach fesul troseddwr. 

en-gb	In Wales there is a single NPS (part of HMPPS) and a single Community Rehabilitation Company. 
cy-gb	Yng Nghymru mae un Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol (sy'n rhan o Wasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi) ac un Cwmni Adsefydlu Cymunedol. 

en-gb	The NPS in Wales advises the Magistrates’ and Crown Courts on sentencing for all offenders, liaises with victims, and manages in the community those offenders presenting a high risk of serious harm. 
cy-gb	Mae'r Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol yng Nghymru yn cynghori'r Llysoedd Ynadon a Llysoedd y Goron ar ddedfrydu pob troseddwr, yn cysylltu â dioddefwyr, ac yn rheoli yn y gymuned y troseddwyr hynny sy'n peri risg uchel o niwed difrifol. 

en-gb	The NPS is also responsible for managing the four approved premises in Wales where high-risk men on release from prison reside under close supervision for specified periods. 
cy-gb	Mae'r Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol hefyd yn gyfrifol am reoli'r pedwar safle cymeradwy yng Nghymru lle mae dynion risg uchel, pan gânt eu rhyddhau o'r carchar, yn preswylio mewn man lle y cânt eu goruchwylio'n agos am gyfnodau penodol. 

en-gb	The Community Rehabilitation Company in Wales supervises offenders presenting low and medium risk of harm. 
cy-gb	Mae'r Cwmni Adsefydlu Cymunedol yng Nghymru yn goruchwylio troseddwyr sy'n peri risg isel a chanolig o niwed. 

en-gb	After the original owner of this company, Working Links, went into administration, it was taken over by new owners (Seetec) and is known (somewhat disconcertingly) as the ‘Wales division of Kent, Surrey and Sussex Community Rehabilitation Company’.
cy-gb	Ar ôl i berchennog gwreiddiol y cwmni hwn, Working Links, fynd i ddwylo'r gweinyddwyr, cafodd berchnogion newydd (Seetec) ac fe'i gelwir (braidd yn syfrdanol) yn 'Wales division of Kent, Surrey and Sussex Community  Rehabilitation Company'.

en-gb	The second key reform was to introduce, from February 2015, 12 months of compulsory post-sentence supervision of offenders serving short custodial sentences (i.e. prison sentences of under 12 months). 
cy-gb	Yr ail ddiwygiad allweddol oedd cyflwyno, o fis Chwefror 2015, 12 mis o oruchwyliaeth ôl-ddedfrydu orfodol o droseddwyr a oedd yn bwrw dedfrydau byr o garchar (h.y. dedfryd o garchar a oedd yn llai na 12 mis). 

en-gb	This added around 40,000 offenders  to be supervised by probation services. 
cy-gb	Ychwanegodd hyn tua 40,000 o droseddwyr  i'w goruchwylio gan wasanaethau prawf. 

en-gb	Little account appears to have been taken in the planning for Transforming Rehabilitation  of the burden imposed by this additional caseload and the considerable impact of managing a large group of offenders, many of whom had not been used to supervision and some of whom are exceptionally challenging. 
cy-gb	Wrth gynllunio ar gyfer y rhaglen Gweddnewid Adsefydlu, mae'n ymddangos na roddwyd llawer o ystyriaeth i'r baich a osodwyd gan y llwyth achosion ychwanegol hwn ac effaith sylweddol rheoli grŵp mawr o droseddwyr, nad oedd llawer ohonynt wedi arfer cael eu goruchwylio ac y mae rhai ohonynt yn heriol iawn. 

en-gb	In addition, the 12 month period of compulsory supervision increased the risk that if an offender failed to meet restrictions imposed and reporting requirements or reoffended, the offender might be recalled to prison.
cy-gb	Hefyd, yn sgîl y cyfnod 12 mis o oruchwyliaeth orfodol, cynyddodd y risg y byddai troseddwr yn cael ei alw'n ôl i'r carchar pe bai'n methu â bodloni'r cyfyngiadau a osodwyd arno a'r gofynion adrodd neu pe  bai'n aildroseddu.

en-gb	The third key change was to introduce in May 2015 Through the Gate  support for offenders serving custodial sentences. 
cy-gb	Y trydydd newid allweddol oedd cyflwyno cymorth 'Drwy'r Giât' ym mis Mai 2015 i droseddwyr a oedd yn bwrw dedfryd o garchar. 

en-gb	The Community Rehabilitation Companies were given responsibility for providing resettlement services for prisoners 12 weeks before their release from custody to prepare them for their release and for probation support in the community. 
cy-gb	Rhoddwyd cyfrifoldeb i'r Cwmnïau Adsefydlu Cymunedol am ddarparu gwasanaethau ymaddasu i garcharorion 12 wythnos cyn iddynt gael eu rhyddhau i'w paratoi ar gyfer hynny ac i drefnu cymorth prawf yn y gymuned. 

en-gb	Certain prisons across England and Wales were designated as ‘resettlement prisons’ to facilitate this.
cy-gb	Dynodwyd rhai carchardai yng Nghymru a Lloegr yn 'garchardai ymaddasu' er mwyn hwyluso hyn.

en-gb	There has been widespread criticism of the Transforming Rehabilitation  reforms, including judicial criticism and a loss of confidence by the judiciary in the effectiveness of probation as a result of the reforms. 
cy-gb	Cafwyd beirniadaeth gyffredinol o ddiwygiadau'r rhaglen Gweddnewid Adsefydlu , gan gynnwys beirniadaeth farnwrol a diffyg hyder gan y farnwriaeth yn effeithiolrwydd y gwasanaeth prawf o ganlyniad i'r diwygiadau. 

en-gb	Much of this criticism has been well documented . 
cy-gb	Mae llawer o'r feirniadaeth hon wedi cael ei dogfennu'n dda . 

en-gb	In summary, it is sufficient to state that the reforms failed. 
cy-gb	I grynhoi, digon yw dweud i'r diwygiadau fethu. 

en-gb	Steps have been taken to try and rectify this:
cy-gb	Mae camau wedi cael eu cymryd i geisio unioni hyn:

en-gb	It was announced in July 2018 that when the current Wales Community Rehabilitation Company contract comes to an end in 2020, the NPS in Wales will assume responsibility for the management of all offenders – high, medium and low risk – so that advice to court, risk and need assessments, sentence planning and managing enforcement and recall will all sit within a single organisation. 
cy-gb	Cyhoeddwyd ym mis Gorffennaf 2018, pan fydd contract cyfredol y Cwmni Adsefydlu Cymunedol yng Nghymru yn dod i ben yn 2020, bydd y Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol yn cymryd cyfrifoldeb am reoli'r holl droseddwyr – risg uchel, ganolig ac isel – fel y gall cyngor i asesiadau llys, risg ac angen, cynllunio dedfrydau a rheoli'r broses orfodi a galw yn ôl gael eu cynnwys mewn un sefydliad. 

en-gb	Probation staff currently delivering offender management services for low and medium-risk offenders for the Wales Community Rehabilitation Company will transfer to the NPS. 
cy-gb	Bydd staff prawf sy'n darparu gwasanaethau rheoli troseddwyr ar gyfer troseddwyr risg isel a chanolig ar gyfer Cwmni Adsefydlu Cymunedol Cymru yn trosglwyddo i'r Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol.  

en-gb	The consequence of this is that probation services will be delivered predominantly by  civil servants .
cy-gb	O ganlyniad, caiff gwasanaethau prawf eu darparu'n bennaf gan weision sifil .

en-gb	 WS024 Professor Peter Raynor: 
cy-gb	 WS024 Yr Athro Peter Raynor: 

en-gb	2.
cy-gb	2.

en-gb	On 16 May 2019 the Ministry of Justice announced that the National Probation Service in England will also be assuming responsibility for the management of all offenders when the other 20 contracts come to an end with the Community Rehabilitation Companies. 
cy-gb	Ar 16 Mai 2019 cyhoeddodd y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder y bydd y Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol yn Lloegr hefyd yn cymryd cyfrifoldeb am reoli pob troseddwr pan ddaw'r 20 contract arall i ben gyda'r Cwmnïau Adsefydlu Cymunedol. 

en-gb	This was welcomed by many including the chair of the Justice Committee. 
cy-gb	Croesawyd hyn gan lawer, gan gynnwys cadeirydd y  Pwyllgor Cyfiawnder. 

en-gb	A further document The Proposed Model for Probation: 
cy-gb	Cyhoeddwyd dogfen arall 'The Proposed Model for Probation: 

en-gb	A Draft Operating Blueprint  was published by the Ministry of Justice on 19 June 2019 . 
cy-gb	A Draft Operating Blueprint’ gan y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder ar 19 Mehefin 2019 . 

en-gb	The thrust of the proposals is to be welcomed. 
cy-gb	Mae byrdwn y cynigion i'w groesawu. 

en-gb	It reintegrates offender management in the community under the responsibility of one organisation. 
cy-gb	Mae'n ailintegreiddio'r swyddogaeth rheoli troseddwyr yn y gymuned o dan gyfrifoldeb un sefydliad. 

en-gb	It emphasises the central importance of the offender management function to the effectiveness of the criminal justice system in rehabilitating offenders. 
cy-gb	Mae'n pwysleisio pwysigrwydd canolog y swyddogaeth rheoli troseddwyr i effeithiolrwydd y system cyfiawnder troseddol wrth adsefydlu troseddwyr. 

en-gb	However, some of the proposed new arrangements remain convoluted: 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, erys rhai o'r trefniadau newydd arfaethedig yn ddryslyd: 

en-gb	for example, the regional coordination function and continued competitive tendering/outsourcing of rehabilitative interventions.
cy-gb	er enghraifft, y swyddogaeth gydgysylltu ranbarthol a'r tendro cystadleuol parhaus/darparu ymyriadau adsefydlu drwy gontract allanol.

en-gb	 HMPPS (2019) The Proposed Future Model for Probation: 
cy-gb	 Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi (2019) The Proposed Future Model for Probation: 

en-gb	A Draft Operating Blueprint Probation Reform Programme. 
cy-gb	A Draft Operating Blueprint Probation Reform Programme. 

en-gb	types of community order
cy-gb	c)  Mathau o orchymyn cymunedol

en-gb	4.240 When a court sentences an offender to probation, it can impose community requirements as part of the order; the probation service then has the responsibility to see that the requirements are carried out. 
cy-gb	4.240 Pan fydd llys yn dedfrydu troseddwr i gyfnod ar brawf, gall bennu gofynion cymunedol fel rhan o'r gorchymyn; yna mae'r gwasanaeth prawf yn gyfrifol am sicrhau bod y gofynion yn cael eu bodloni. 

en-gb	There are 11 available community punishment requirements that can be included in a community order, including hours of unpaid work, abstinence from alcohol and alcohol testing, adherence to a curfew, mental health treatment and cognitive behavioural programmes. 
cy-gb	Mae 11 o ofynion cosbau cymunedol ar gael y gellir eu cynnwys mewn gorchymyn cymunedol, gan gynnwys oriau o waith di-dâl, ymwrthod yn llwyr ag alcohol a chael profion alcohol, cadw at gyrffyw, triniaeth iechyd meddwl a rhaglenni gwybyddol ymddygiadol. 

en-gb	There is evidence that these are underused . 
cy-gb	Ceir tystiolaeth nad yw'r rhain yn cael eu defnyddio ddigon 547 . 

en-gb	Figure 26 below shows the low use of three of these requirements in England and Wales for women and men. 
cy-gb	Dengys Ffigur 26 isod y defnydd isel o dri o'r gofynion hyn yng Nghymru a Lloegr i fenywod a dynion. 

en-gb	It is important to assess the outcomes achieved by the NPS and the Community Rehabilitation Company in Wales with regard to other areas with similar workloads. 
cy-gb	4.241 Mae'n bwysig asesu'r canlyniadau a gyflawnwyd gan y Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol a'r Cwmni Adsefydlu Cymunedol yng Nghymru a'u cymharu ag ardaloedd eraill â llwythi gwaith tebyg. 

en-gb	In April 2018, the caseloads in Wales for the NPS and Community Rehabilitation Companies were around 7,885 and 10,137 respectively. 
cy-gb	Ym mis Ebrill 2018, cafwyd tua 7,885 o lwythi achosion yng Nghymru ar gyfer y Gwasanaeth 

en-gb	Women represent around 12% of the total probation caseload in Wales (approximately 1,800 cases). 
cy-gb	Prawf Cenedlaethol a thua 10,137 ar gyfer y Cwmni Adsefydlu Cymunedol. 

en-gb	Using the official statistics for proven reoffending from October 2015 to 
cy-gb	Mae menywod yn cynrychioli tua 12% o gyfanswm y  llwythi achosion prawf yng Nghymru (tua 1,800 o achosion). 

en-gb	June 2018 and comparing the outcomes for the NPS in Wales with its English counterparts, and the Community Rehabilitation Company in Wales with three other English companies with similar sized caseloads, the results are disappointing. 
cy-gb	4.242 Gan ddefnyddio'r ystadegau swyddogol ar gyfer achosion profedig o aildroseddu o fis Hydref 2015 i fis Mehefin 2018 a chymharu'r canlyniadau ar gyfer y Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol yng Nghymru â'i sefydliadau cyfatebol yn Lloegr, a'r canlyniadau ar gyfer y Cwmni Adsefydlu Cymunedol yng Nghymru â thri chwmni arall yn Lloegr â nifer tebyg o lwythi achosion, mae'r canlyniadau yn siomedig. 

en-gb	The proportion of higher risk offenders reoffending in Wales rose from under 3.7% in the last quarter of 2015 to 4.2% in April to June 2018, although all areas bar the North West of England also saw reoffending rates increase over that period. 
cy-gb	Cynyddodd cyfran y troseddwyr risg uwch a aildroseddodd yng Nghymru o lai na 3.7% yn chwarter olaf 2015 i 4.2% rhwng mis Ebrill a mis Mehefin 2018, er i bob ardal heblaw Gogledd-orllewin Lloegr hefyd weld cynnydd yn y cyfraddau aildroseddu yn ystod y cyfnod hwnnw. 

en-gb	The proportion of low and medium risk offenders reoffending in Wales increased from 4.3% to 4.6%. 
cy-gb	Cynyddodd cyfran y troseddwyr risg isel a chanolig a aildroseddodd yng Nghymru o 4.3% i 4.6%. 

en-gb	The level of analysis does not allow us to explain the reason for this latter increase, which does not appear to have happened in the English areas. 
cy-gb	Nid yw lefel y dadansoddi yn caniatáu i ni egluro'r rheswm dros y cynnydd olaf hwn, yr ymddengys nad yw wedi digwydd yn yr ardaloedd yn Lloegr. 

en-gb	While all four areas initially had lower reoffending rates, they then rose again. 
cy-gb	Er bod gan y pedair ardal gyfraddau aildroseddu is i ddechrau, gwnaethant godi eto. 

en-gb	The results for Wales appear to be worse than for both London and Cheshire/Greater Manchester as shown in Figure 27 and Figure 28 below.
cy-gb	Ymddengys bod y canlyniadau i Gymru yn waeth nag oeddent i Lundain ac i Swydd Gaer/Manceinion Fwyaf fel y dangosir yn Ffigur 27 a Ffigur 28 isod. 

en-gb	548  Ministry of Justice (2019) Payment by Results statistics: 
cy-gb	Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder (2019) Payment by Results statistics: 

en-gb	October 2015 to September 2018.
cy-gb	October 2015 to September 2018.

en-gb	4.243 The overall assessment of the inspection of the National Probation Service in Wales in November 2018 was ‘Good’ . 
cy-gb	4.243 Roedd asesiad cyffredinol yr arolygiad o'r Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol yng Nghymru ym mis Tachwedd 2018 yn 'Dda' 550 . 

en-gb	Most notably, the service provided to victims who had opted into the victim contact scheme was ‘excellent’. 
cy-gb	Yn fwyaf nodedig, roedd y gwasanaeth a ddarparwyd i ddioddefwyr a oedd wedi dewis ymuno â'r cynllun cyswllt â dioddefwyr yn 'rhagorol'. 

en-gb	The Community Rehabilitation Company inspection report, published in July 2019, assessed the service overall as ‘Requires Improvement’. 
cy-gb	Asesodd adroddiad arolygu'r Cwmni Adsefydlu Cymunedol, a gyhoeddwyd ym mis Gorffennaf 2019, y gwasanaeth yn gyffredinol fel un lle roedd 'Angen Gwelliant'. 

en-gb	Many of the shortcomings identified – too lean staffing, poor IT that does not adequately support practitioners, poor recording, insufficient planning to address the risk of harm that individuals present and inadequate coordination of resettlement activity – were highlighted in the Chief Inspector of Probation’s annual report . 
cy-gb	Tynnwyd sylw at lawer o'r diffygion a nodwyd - system staffio rhy ddarbodus, TG gwael nad yw'n cefnogi ymarferwyr yn ddigonol, prosesau cofnodi gwael, dim digon o gynllunio i fynd i'r afael â'r risg o niwed a berir gan unigolion a chydgysylltu annigonol o weithgarwch ymaddasu - yn adroddiad blynyddol y Prif Arolygydd Prawf 551 . 

en-gb	However, there was recognition of the strong and committed leadership, the considerable engagement with devolved partners and the specific challenges presented by Wales’ complex mixture of urban and rural environments.
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, roedd cydnabyddiaeth o arweinyddiaeth gadarn ac ymrwymedig, y gwaith ymgysylltu sylweddol â phartneriaid datganoledig a'r heriau penodol a gyflwynwyd gan gymysgedd cymhleth Cymru o amgylcheddau trefol a gwledig.

en-gb	e)  Changes needed
cy-gb	e)  newidiadau sydd eu hangen

en-gb	4.244 In the 2018 annual report the then Chief Inspector of Probation, Dame Glenys Stacey suggested four basic design principles for probation:
cy-gb	4.244 Yn adroddiad blynyddol 2018 awgrymodd y Prif Arolygydd Prawf ar y pryd, Y Fonesig Glenys Stacey, bedair egwyddor ddylunio sylfaenol ar gyfer y gwasanaeth prawf: 

en-gb	The importance of a strong evidence base 
cy-gb	Pwysigrwydd sylfaen dystiolaeth gref 

en-gb	The service needs to meet the needs of individuals – offenders and victims
cy-gb	Mae angen i'r gwasanaeth ddiwallu anghenion unigolion – troseddwyr a dioddefwyr

en-gb	It should be staffed by qualified and engaged professionals who provide a service that is properly integrated with the wider criminal justice system
cy-gb	Dylai gael ei staffio gan weithwyr proffesiynol cymwys ac ymroddedig sy'n darparu gwasanaeth sydd wedi ei integreiddio'n briodol â'r system cyfiawnder troseddol ehangach

en-gb	It instils confidence that the public are protected, rehabilitation is seen to work, the operating model supports effective delivery and it delivers value for money.
cy-gb	Mae'n rhoi hyder bod y cyhoedd yn cael ei amddiffyn, y gwelir bod gwaith adsefydlu yn gweithio, bod y model gweithredol yn cefnogi dull cyflawni effeithiol a'i fod yn sicrhau gwerth am arian.

en-gb	We agree and emphasise that there is a clear need for strict performance management and accountability for the results. 
cy-gb	Rydym yn cytuno ac yn pwysleisio bod angen clir am ddull rheoli perfformiad caeth ac atebolrwydd am y canlyniadau. 

en-gb	We recommend:
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	the basic design principles for probation set out in the 2018 annual report of the then Chief Inspector of Probation should be applied to the design of the new integrated national Probation service of Wales and the outcomes should be strictly measured on a regular basis and be made public. 
cy-gb	Dylai'r egwyddorion dylunio sylfaenol a nodir yn adroddiad blynyddol 2018 Prif Arolygydd y Gwasanaeth Prawf ar y pryd gael eu cymhwyso at y broses o ddylunio'r Gwasanaeth Prawf Cenedlaethol integredig newydd i Gymru  a dylai'r canlyniadau gael eu mesur yn fanwl yn rheolaidd a dylent gael  eu cyhoeddi. 

en-gb	5. 
cy-gb	5. 

en-gb	Prisons
cy-gb	Carchardai

en-gb	4.245 HM Prison Services’ statement of purpose is “ Her Majesty’s Prison Service serves the public by keeping in custody those committed by the courts. 
cy-gb	4.245 Datganiad o ddiben Gwasanaethau Carchardai EM yw  ‘Her Majesty’s Prison Service serves the public by keeping in custody those committed by the courts. 

en-gb	Our duty is to look after them with humanity and help them lead law-abiding and useful lives in custody and after release. ”
cy-gb	Our duty is to look after them with humanity and help them lead law-abiding and useful lives in custody and after release.’

en-gb	4.246 There are no entry qualifications to become a prison officer. 
cy-gb	4.246 Nid oes angen unrhyw gymwysterau mynediad i ddod yn swyddog carchar. 

en-gb	Basic training lasts for 12 weeks and is delivered either in local training centres or the main HMPPS College near Rugby. 
cy-gb	Mae hyfforddiant sylfaenol yn para am 12 wythnos ac fe'i cyflwynir naill ai mewn canolfannau hyfforddi lleol neu ym mhrif goleg Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi ger Rugby. 

en-gb	The route to governing a prison involves either rising through the ranks, joining a management trainee scheme once employed, or applying for the Senior Leadership Scheme. 
cy-gb	Mae'r camau gyrfaol sydd angen eu cymryd er mwyn cael swydd yn rheoli carchar yn cynnwys codi drwy'r rhengoedd, ymuno â chynllun hyfforddi i fod yn rheolwr pan fyddwch yn gyflogedig, neu wneud cais am y Cynllun Uwch-arweinwyr. 

en-gb	A degree is desirable for the latter but not a mandatory requirement. 
cy-gb	Byddai meddu ar radd yn ddymunol ar gyfer yr olaf ond nid yw'n orfodol. 

en-gb	a)  Prisons in Wales 
cy-gb	a)  Carchardai yng nghymru 

en-gb	4.247 There are six prisons in Wales managed by HMPPS. 
cy-gb	4.247 Mae chwe charchar yng Nghymru a gaiff eu rheoli gan Wasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi. 

en-gb	In all but Parc  (a private sector prison), the funding for education and health services was transferred in 2003 to the Welsh Government which oversees  this provision. 
cy-gb	Ym mhob un ohonynt heblaw am garchar y Parc (carchar yn y sector preifat), trosglwyddwyd y cyllid ar gyfer gwasanaethau addysg ac iechyd yn 2003 i Lywodraeth Cymru sy'n goruchwylio'r ddarpariaeth hon. 

en-gb	4.248 Prisons in England and Wales are categorised according to the severity of the offences committed by those held in them and the degree of security risk presented by the prisoners held according to the likelihood of their escaping and the risk of harm to the public should they escape . 
cy-gb	4.248 Caiff carchardai yng Nghymru a Lloegr eu categoreiddio yn unol â difrifoldeb y troseddau a gyflawnir gan y rhai a gedwir ynddynt a maint y risg i ddiogelwch a berir gan y carcharorion a gedwir ynddynt yn ôl pa mor debygol y maent o ddianc a'r risg o niwed i'r cyhoedd pe baent  yn dianc .

en-gb	 Most prisons have a commitment under ‘Tornado’ arrangements to provide mutual aid in the event of serious operational incidents such as riots or hostage taking. op cit n. 
cy-gb	 Mae gan y rhan fwyaf o garchardai ymrwymiad o dan drefniadau 'Tornado' i ddarparu cymorth ar y cyd os bydd digwyddiadau gweithredol difrifol yn digwydd megis terfysgoedd neu gymryd gwystlon. op cit n. 

en-gb	94: 
cy-gb	94: 

en-gb	35-6. 
cy-gb	35-6. 

en-gb	A prison’s physical and procedural security standards must be sufficient to hold the highest risk of the prisoners held there.
cy-gb	Rhaid i safonau diogelwch ffisegol a gweithdrefnol carchar fod yn ddigonol i gadw'r carcharorion sy'n peri'r risg fwyaf.

en-gb	Figure 29
cy-gb	ffigur 29 

en-gb	Categorisation of prisoners and prisons
cy-gb	Categoreiddio carcharorion a charchardai

en-gb	CAteGory A 
cy-gb	CAtEGoRi A 

en-gb	Prisoners who would pose the most threat to the public,  the police or national security should they escape.
cy-gb	Carcharorion a fyddai'n peri'r bygythiad mwyaf i'r cyhoedd, yr heddlu neu i ddiogelwch gwladol pe baent yn dianc.

en-gb	CAteGory B
cy-gb	CAtEGoRi B 

en-gb	Prisoners who do not need to be held in the highest security conditions but the potential for escape should be made  very difficult.
cy-gb	Carcharorion nad oes angen iddynt gael eu cadw o dan yr amodau diogelwch uchaf ond y dylai'r posibilrwydd o ddianc fod yn anodd iawn.

en-gb	CAteGory C
cy-gb	CAtEGoRi C

en-gb	Prisoners who cannot be trusted in open conditions but  are considered to be prisoners who are unlikely to make  a determined escape attempt.
cy-gb	Carcharorion na ellir eu rhoi mewn carchar agored ond yr ystyrir eu bod yn annhebygol o wneud ymdrech pendant i ddianc.

en-gb	CAteGory D
cy-gb	CAtEGoRi D 

en-gb	Prisoners who can be trusted in open conditions.
cy-gb	Carcharorion y gellir ymddiried ynddynt mewn carchar agored.

en-gb	Source: 
cy-gb	Ffynhonnell: 

en-gb	HMPPS
cy-gb	Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi

en-gb	Figure 30  the cost of each prison in Wales as at 2017-18
cy-gb	ffigur 30 Cost pob carchar yng nghymru yn 2017-18

en-gb	Cost Per PLACe
cy-gb	Cost fEsuL LLE

en-gb	Cost Per PrIsoner
cy-gb	Cost fEsuL CARChARoR

en-gb	Berwyn
cy-gb	Berwyn

en-gb	£13,814
cy-gb	£13,814

en-gb	£17,400
cy-gb	£17,400

en-gb	Cardiff
cy-gb	Caerdydd

en-gb	£26,476
cy-gb	£26,476

en-gb	£18,432
cy-gb	£18,432

en-gb	Parc
cy-gb	Y Parc

en-gb	£39,146
cy-gb	£39,146

en-gb	£36,263
cy-gb	£36,263

en-gb	Swansea
cy-gb	Abertawe 

en-gb	£37,760
cy-gb	£37,760

en-gb	£23,201
cy-gb	£23,201

en-gb	Usk/Prescoed
cy-gb	Brynbuga/Prescoed

en-gb	£22,017
cy-gb	£22,017

en-gb	£15,810
cy-gb	£15,810

en-gb	England (Cat C Avg)
cy-gb	Lloegr (Cat C ar gyfartaledd)

en-gb	£20,030
cy-gb	£20,030

en-gb	£19,148
cy-gb	£19,148

en-gb	Wales (Avg)
cy-gb	Cymru (Ar gyfartaledd)

en-gb	£27,843
cy-gb	£27,843

en-gb	£22,221
cy-gb	£22,221

en-gb	Source: 
cy-gb	Ffynhonnell: 

en-gb	HMPPS
cy-gb	Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi

en-gb	Figure 31
cy-gb	ffigur 31

en-gb	4.249 All but Usk were designated as Resettlement Prisons as part of the new Through the Gate  arrangements. 
cy-gb	4.249 Cafodd pob carchar heblaw Brynbuga ei ddynodi yn Garchar Ymaddasu fel rhan o'r trefniadau "Drwy’r Giât" newydd. 

en-gb	Parc has a specialist lifer unit and most of the prisoners held in Usk have committed sex offences. 
cy-gb	Mae gan y Parc uned arbenigol i garcharorion am oes ac mae'r rhan fwyaf o'r carcharorion a gedwir ym Mrynbuga wedi cyflawni troseddau rhyw. 

en-gb	Usk and Prescoed are managed as a single entity although they occupy two different sites and their performance is judged separately. 
cy-gb	Rheolir carchar Brynbuga a charchar Prescoed fel un endid er eu bod ar ddau safle gwahanol ac y bernir eu perfformiad ar wahân. 

en-gb	There is no Category A prison in Wales. 
cy-gb	Nid oes carchar Categori A yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	WS045 Dr Robert Jones: 
cy-gb	WS045 Dr Robert Jones: 

en-gb	1. 
cy-gb	1. 

en-gb	HMPPS (2018) Annual Digest: 
cy-gb	Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi (2018) Annual Digest: 

en-gb	2017 to 2018.
cy-gb	2017 to 2018.

en-gb	The designation ‘local prison’ means that the establishment has a principal function to service the courts by holding offenders remanded into custody and, initially, those who have just been sentenced.
cy-gb	Mae'r dynodiad 'carchar lleol' yn golygu bod gan y sefydliad brif swyddogaeth i wasanaethu'r llysoedd drwy gadw troseddwyr sydd wedi'u remandio i'r ddalfa ac, i ddechrau, y rhai sydd newydd gael eu dedfrydu.

en-gb	Young Offender Institution para 4.176.3. 
cy-gb	Sefydliad Troseddwyr Ifanc para 4.176.3. 

en-gb	The regimes of training prisons are designed to be more sharply focused on delivering services to help reduce the risk of prisoners reoffending.
cy-gb	Bwriedir i gyfundrefnau carchardai hyfforddi ganolbwyntio mwy ar ddarparu gwasanaethau sy'n helpu i leihau'r risg y bydd carcharorion  yn aildroseddu.

en-gb	Three of the six prisons in Wales – Cardiff, Swansea and Usk – are Victorian. 
cy-gb	Mae tri o'r chwe charchar yng Nghymru – Caerdydd, Abertawe a Brynbuga – yn rhai o oes Fictoria. 

en-gb	Cardiff and Swansea occupy city centre sites and suffer many of the attendant problems created by a small site and limited regime and activities. 
cy-gb	Mae Caerdydd ac Abertawe ar safleoedd yng nghanol dinas ac yn wynebu llawer o'r problemau a grëir gan safle bach a chyfundrefn a gweithgareddau cyfyngedig. 

en-gb	Prescoed was constructed by prison labour and opened in 1939. 
cy-gb	Adeiladwyd Prescoed drwy lafur carcharorion ac fe'i hagorwyd yn 1939. 

en-gb	Each has significant identified backlogs of maintenance and needs substantial refurbishments. 
cy-gb	Mae llawer o waith cynnal a chadw wedi ôl-gronni ym mhob un ac mae angen gwneud gwaith adnewyddu sylweddol arnynt. 

en-gb	This cost will be attended to according to the central prioritisation system which determines how the limited capital budget for all the public sector prisons in England and Wales can be spent. 
cy-gb	Telir cost y gwaith hwn yn ôl y system flaenoriaethu ganolog sy'n penderfynu sut y gellir gwario'r gyllideb gyfalaf gyfyngedig ar gyfer pob carchar yn y sector cyhoeddus yng Nghymru a Lloegr. 

en-gb	In its December 2018 report, the Justice Committee has called for capital investment . 
cy-gb	Yn ei adroddiad ym mis Rhagfyr 2018, galwodd y Pwyllgor Cyfiawnder am fuddsoddiad cyfalaf . 

en-gb	There have also been well-publicised difficulties with the outsourced facilities  management contracts.
cy-gb	Cododd anawsterau hefyd gyda'r contractau rheoli cyfleusterau allanol a chawsant gryn gyhoeddusrwydd.

en-gb	 House of Commons (2019) Prison population 2022: 
cy-gb	 Ty ˆ  'r Cyffredin (2019) Prison population 2022: 

en-gb	planning for the future.
cy-gb	planning for the future.

en-gb	HMPs Parc and Berwyn are in much better condition but, as shown in Figure 31, have very large operational capacities. 
cy-gb	Mae CEM y Parc a CEM Berwyn mewn cyflwr gwell o lawer ond, fel y dangosir yn Ffigur 31, mae ganddynt gapasiti gweithredol mawr iawn. 

en-gb	Berwyn is viewed by many as problematic because, when full, around two thirds of its prisoners will come from the North of England and the North Midlands. 
cy-gb	I lawer mae Berwyn yn achosi problemau oherwydd, pan fydd yn llawn, bydd tua dwy ran o dair o'i garcharorion yn dod o Ogledd Lloegr a Gogledd Canolbarth Lloegr. 

en-gb	When announcing the decision to build it in Wrexham, the then Secretary of State for Justice, described it as a ‘development opportunity for North Wales’. 
cy-gb	Wrth gyhoeddi'r penderfyniad i'w adeiladu yn Wrecsam, disgrifiodd yr Ysgrifennydd Gwladol dros Gyfiawnder ar y pryd y penderfyniad hwn fel cyfle datblygu i Ogledd Cymru. 

en-gb	Its construction was welcomed by local politicians and decision makers who were keen to emphasise the delivery of the promised economic benefits. 
cy-gb	Cafodd y gwaith o'i adeiladu ei groesawu gan wleidyddion lleol a'r sawl sy'n gwneud penderfyniadau a oedd yn awyddus i bwysleisio y byddai'n arwain at y buddiannau economaidd a addawyd. 

en-gb	It was opened in February 2017. 
cy-gb	Fe'i hagorwyd ym mis Chwefror 2017. 

en-gb	In April 2019 it remained under two thirds full. 
cy-gb	Ym mis Ebrill 2019 mae'n parhau i fod ddwy ran o dair yn llawn. 

en-gb	As regards Parc, the 25-year Private Finance Initiative contract will end in 2022. 
cy-gb	O ran carchar y Parc, daw'r contract Menter Cyllid Preifat 25 mlynedd i ben yn 2022. 

en-gb	There will either be a competition for a new commercial contract to run it or it will be brought back into the public sector.
cy-gb	Naill ai bydd cystadleuaeth am gontract masnachol newydd er mwyn rhedeg y carchar neu caiff ei gyflwyno'n ôl i'r sector cyhoeddus.

en-gb	b)  Prison population and location of Welsh prisoners 
cy-gb	b)  Poblogaeth carchardai a lleoliad carcharorion o Gymru 

en-gb	4.252 Despite an increase in prison capacity in Wales due to the opening of HMP Berwyn, 37% of all Welsh  adult male prisoners were being held in English prisons in 2018. 
cy-gb	4.252 Er gwaethaf cynnydd yng nghapasiti carchardai yng Nghymru o ganlyniad i agor CEM Berwyn, roedd 37% o'r holl garcharorion gwrywaidd o Gymru sy'n oedolion  yn cael eu cadw mewn carchardai yn Lloegr yn 2018. 

en-gb	In a large number of cases, Welsh prisoners are placed in establishments far away from home; Welsh adult male prisoners were held in 105 English prisons in 2018. 
cy-gb	Mewn nifer mawr o achosion, caiff carcharorion o Gymru eu cadw mewn carchardai ymhell i ffwrdd o'u cartref; roedd carcharorion o Gymru sy'n oedolion yn cael eu cadw mewn 105 o garchardai yn Lloegr yn 2018. 

en-gb	For example, in December 2018 41 Welsh adult male prisoners were being held on the Isle of Wight .
cy-gb	Er enghraifft, ym mis Rhagfyr 2018 roedd 41 o garcharorion gwrywaidd o Gymru sy'n oedolion yn cael eu cadw ar Ynys Wyth .

en-gb	Para 2.109.
cy-gb	Para 2.109.

en-gb	 Category B prison for Sex offenders or vulnerable prisoners.
cy-gb	 Carchar Categori B i droseddwyr rhyw neu garcharorion agored i niwed.

en-gb	4.253 The decision on where to locate prisoners across England and Wales is informed by a number of factors such as the length of sentence, categorisation of prisoner and overcrowding in prisons. 
cy-gb	4.253 Caiff y penderfyniad ynghylch ble i anfon carcharorion ledled Cymru a Lloegr ei lywio gan nifer o ffactorau megis hyd y ddedfryd, categoreiddiad y carcharor a gorboblogi mewn carchardai. 

en-gb	Source: 
cy-gb	Ffynhonnell: 

en-gb	Ministry of Justice
cy-gb	Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder

en-gb	ii  Performance and safety 
cy-gb	ii  Perfformiad a diogelwch 

en-gb	4.254 HMPPS published its annual prison performance ratings for 2018-19 in July 2019 . 
cy-gb	4.254 Cyhoeddodd Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi ei raddau perfformiad carchardai blynyddol ar gyfer 2018-19 ym mis Gorffennaf 2019 . 

en-gb	Prisons’ absolute performance scores are calculated against a number of measures and aggregated. 
cy-gb	Cyfrifir sgoriau perfformiad absoliwt carchardai yn erbyn nifer o fesurau a'u crynhoi. 

en-gb	Guidance on the measures and calculations is available 561 . 
cy-gb	Mae arweiniad ar y mesurau a'r cyfrifiadau ar gael. 561 

en-gb	A four band system is used:
cy-gb	 Defnyddir system pedwar band:

en-gb	 Ministry of Justice (2019) Official Statistics Bulletin: 
cy-gb	 Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder (2019) Official Statistics Bulletin: 

en-gb	Annual Prison Performance Ratings . 
cy-gb	Annual Prison Performance Ratings . 

en-gb	561  Ministry of Justice (2019) Annual prison performance ratings guide 2018-19. 
cy-gb	561 Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder (2019) Annual prison performance ratings guide 2018-19. 

en-gb	Rating 4 = Exceptional performance
cy-gb	Gradd 4 = Perfformiad neilltuol

en-gb	Rating 3 = Performance is acceptable
cy-gb	Gradd 3 = Perfformiad yn dderbyniol

en-gb	Rating 2 = Overall performance is of concern
cy-gb	Gradd 2 = Perfformiad cyffredinol yn peri pryder

en-gb	Rating 1 = Overall performance is of serious concern
cy-gb	Gradd 1 = Perfformiad cyffredinol yn peri pryder mawr

en-gb	4.255 The Welsh prisons’ performance was reported as follows; there are no data for Berwyn as it was becoming operational during this period. 
cy-gb	4.255 Cofnodwyd bod perfformiad carchardai Cymru fel a ganlyn; nid oes unrhyw ddata ar gyfer Berwyn gan ei fod wedi dod yn weithredol yn ystod y cyfnod hwn. 

en-gb	It shows that only Cardiff’s performance is ‘of concern’.
cy-gb	Mae'n dangos mai dim ond perfformiad Caerdydd sydd 'yn peri pryder'.

en-gb	Figure 33  
cy-gb	ffigur 33  

en-gb	Welsh prisons’ performance ratings 2018-19 
cy-gb	Cyfraddau perfformiad carchardai Cymru 2018-19 

en-gb	CArDIFF
cy-gb	CAERDyDD

en-gb	2
cy-gb	2

en-gb	PArC
cy-gb	y PARC

en-gb	3
cy-gb	3

en-gb	PresCoeD
cy-gb	PREsCoED

en-gb	4
cy-gb	4

en-gb	sWAnseA 
cy-gb	ABERtAwE 

en-gb	3
cy-gb	3

en-gb	usK
cy-gb	BRynBuGA

en-gb	4
cy-gb	4

en-gb	Source: 
cy-gb	Ffynhonnell: 

en-gb	HM Chief Inspector of Prisons 
cy-gb	Prif Arolygydd Carchardai EM 

en-gb	4.256 The Inspectorate of Prisons has inspected all Welsh prisons since January 2016 and published reports on variable outcomes drawing attention to a troubling reduction in prison safety. 
cy-gb	4.256 Mae'r Arolygiaeth Carchardai wedi arolygu pob carchar yng Nghymru ers mis Ionawr 2016 ac wedi cyhoeddi adroddiadau ar ganlyniadau amrywiol gan dynnu sylw at leihad mewn diogelwch carchardai i raddau sy'n peri pryder. 

en-gb	The inspection report of HMP Berwyn was published on 11 July 2019. 
cy-gb	Cyhoeddwyd adroddiad arolygu CEM Berwyn ar 11 Gorffennaf 2019. 

en-gb	It acknowledges the difficulty of opening a new prison, particularly one of this size, and the considerable efforts of the staff, many of whom were inexperienced, to find the right balance between rehabilitation and security. 
cy-gb	Mae'n cydnabod pa mor anodd ydyw i agor carchar newydd, yn enwedig un o'r maint hwn, ac ymdrechion sylweddol y staff, yr oedd llawer ohonynt yn ddibrofiad, i daro'r cydbwysedd cywir rhwng adsefydlu a diogelwch. 

en-gb	The prison is assessed as having ‘made a good start’ but requiring better oversight, better coordination and more sustained delivery. 
cy-gb	Asesir bod y carchar wedi 'gwneud dechrau da' ond bod angen gwell goruchwyliaeth, gwell cydgysylltu a darpariaeth fwy cyson. 

en-gb	Just a quarter of the prisoners were from Wales. 
cy-gb	Dim ond chwarter o'r carcharorion oedd o Gymru. 

en-gb	While levels of self harm were low for this type of prison, many of the problems of violence and drugs seen elsewhere across the prison estate were in evidence. 
cy-gb	Er bod lefelau hunan-niweidio yn isel ar gyfer y math hwn o garchar, roedd llawer o'r problemau sy'n ymwneud â thrais a chyffuriau a welir mewn carchardai eraill i'w gweld yma. 

en-gb	The Inspectorate has drawn attention to the problems of the “jagged edge” where health services are devolved and prison services under the UK Government. 
cy-gb	Mae'r Arolygiaeth wedi tynnu sylw at broblemau'r 'ffin amrwd' lle y datganolir gwasanaethau iechyd a gwasanaethau carchardai o dan Lywodraeth y DU. 

en-gb	We also had evidence from the Chief Inspector . 
cy-gb	Cawsom dystiolaeth hefyd gan y Prif Arolygydd . 

en-gb	On our visit to HMP Cardiff, we heard from prisoners about lengthy delays in receiving medication and, in the case of anti-psychotic drugs, the danger this can cause to the individual and other prisoners. 
cy-gb	Yn ystod ein hymweliad â CEM Caerdydd, clywsom gan garcharorion am oedi hir cyn cael meddyginiaeth ac, yn achos cyffuriau gwrth-seicotig, y perygl y gall hyn ei achosi i'r unigolyn ac i garcharorion eraill. 

en-gb	Concerns were also expressed to us about Friday releases from prison which reduce the possibility of health and housing support and increase the risk of further offending . 
cy-gb	Mynegwyd pryderon hefyd am ryddhau pobl o'r carchar ar ddydd Gwener sy'n lleihau'r posibilrwydd y bydd cymorth iechyd a thai ar gael ac a all gynyddu'r risg o aildroseddu . 

en-gb	We received evidence on numerous occasions  that releasing people from prison on a Friday causes significant additional difficulty. 
cy-gb	Cawsom dystiolaeth ar sawl achlysur  fod rhyddhau pobl o'r carchar ar ddydd Gwener yn achosi anhawster ychwanegol sylweddol. 

en-gb	Statutory services operate to office hours and therefore someone being released from prison mid-morning on a Friday and then having to travel will find it impossible to get the support or resources they need before services close for the weekend.
cy-gb	Mae gwasanaethau statudol yn gweithredu yn ôl oriau swyddfa ac felly bydd yn amhosibl i rywun sy'n cael ei ryddhau o'r carchar ganol y bore ar ddydd Gwener, ac sy'n gorfod teithio wedyn, gael y cymorth sydd ei angen arno cyn i'r gwasanaethau gau am y penwythnos.

en-gb	 WS022 Mr. 
cy-gb	 WS022 Mr. 

en-gb	Peter Clarke, Her Majesty’s Chief Inspector of Prison: 
cy-gb	Peter Clarke, Prif Arolygydd Carchardai Ei Mawrhydi: 

en-gb	1.
cy-gb	1.

en-gb	 ES Cardiff prison, Cymorth Cymru. 
cy-gb	 Datganiad Tystiolaeth Carchar Caerdydd, Cymorth Cymru. 

en-gb	 ES Butetown, Rhyl, Shelter Cymru conference. 
cy-gb	 Datganiad Tystiolaeth Butetown, y Rhyl, cynhadledd Shelter Cymru. 

en-gb	4.257 HMPPS data on safety in the Welsh prisons, in particular the reported statistics  on serious assaults (of staff and prisoners), self-harm and self-inflicted deaths reveals upward trends indicative of the problems being experienced by many of the prisons in England and Wales. 
cy-gb	4.257 Mae data Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi ar ddiogelwch mewn carchardai yng Nghymru, yn enwedig yr ystadegau a gofnodir  ar ymosodiadau difrifol (ar staff a charcharorion), hunan-niwed a marwolaethau hunanachosedig yn datgelu tueddiadau at i fyny sy'n dangos y problemau a wynebir gan lawer o'r carchardai yng Nghymru  a Lloegr. 

en-gb	 Ministry of Justice (2018) Annual prison performance ratings 2017-18 supplementary tables. 
cy-gb	 Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder (2018) Annual prison performance ratings 2017-18 supplementary tables. 

en-gb	Figure 34  number of self-harm incidents 2008 to 2018
cy-gb	ffigur 34  nifer y digwyddiadau yn ymwneud â hunan-niweidio 2008 i 2018

en-gb	Source: 
cy-gb	Ffynhonnell: 

en-gb	Ministry of Justice
cy-gb	Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder

en-gb	4.258 The number of self-harm incidents has risen sharply and the present position is completely unacceptable. 
cy-gb	4.258 Mae nifer y digwyddiadau sy'n ymwneud â hunan-niweidio wedi cynyddu'n sydyn ac nid yw'r sefyllfa bresennol yn dderbyniol o gwbl. 

en-gb	The people of Wales deserve a prison system that is safe and fit for purpose. 
cy-gb	Mae pobl Cymru yn haeddu system carchardai sy'n ddiogel ac yn addas at y diben. 

en-gb	It should make a positive difference to the men it looks after. 
cy-gb	Dylai wneud gwahaniaeth cadarnhaol i'r dynion y mae'n gofalu amdanynt. 

en-gb	Both the performance data and inspection findings show that significant improvement is needed. 
cy-gb	Dengys y data ar berfformiad a chanfyddiadau arolygiadau fod angen gwelliant sylweddol. 

en-gb	This is not to diminish the efforts of a large number of staff working in extremely difficult and sometimes dangerous circumstances. 
cy-gb	Ond ni ddylid diystyru ymdrechion nifer mawr o staff sy'n gweithio mewn amgylchiadau hynod anodd a pheryglus ar adegau. 

en-gb	A number of new approaches introduced by the Ministry of Justice (although individually well-intentioned) and the year on year significant reductions in prison budgets have resulted in major under-resourcing, the lowering of standards and an uncoordinated and unambitious approach to the scale of the reform that is needed.
cy-gb	Mae nifer o ddulliau gweithredu newydd a gyflwynwyd gan y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder (er bod ganddynt yn unigol fwriadau da) a'r gostyngiadau sylweddol flwyddyn ar ôl blwyddyn yng nghyllidebau'r carchardai wedi arwain at ddiffyg mawr o ran adnoddau, gostyngiad mewn safonau a dull di-drefn a diuchelgais o ymdrin â maint y diwygio sydd ei angen.

en-gb	4.259 The Commons Justice Committee’s report Prison population 2022: 
cy-gb	4.259 Mae adroddiad Pwyllgor Cyfiawnder Tŷ'r Cyffredin, Prison population 2022: 

en-gb	planning for the future  describes the wide range of difficulties facing the prisons in England and Wales and highlights in its conclusions that “ the frequent changes in Ministers at the Ministry of Justice and the inevitable changes in priorities that follow have hindered the sustained implementation of an overarching strategic approach to prisons policy ”. 
cy-gb	planning for the future , yn disgrifio'r ystod eang o anawsterau sy'n wynebu'r carchardai yng Nghymru a Lloegr ac yn tynnu sylw yn ei gasgliadau fod ‘ the frequent changes in Ministers at the Ministry of Justice and the inevitable changes in priorities that follow have hindered the sustained implementation of an overarching strategic approach to prisons policy’. 

en-gb	In just over nine years there have been eight Secretaries of State and seven Prison and Probation Ministers, each of whom has adopted a different approach. 
cy-gb	Mewn ychydig dros naw mlynedd mae wyth Ysgrifennydd Gwladol wedi bod mewn swydd a saith Gweinidog Carchardai a Phrofiannaeth, y mae pob un ohonynt wedi mabwysiadu dull gwahanol. 

en-gb	The Justice Committee observed that “ …the prison population has become increasingly challenging in nature, with prisoners often having complex health and social needs. 
cy-gb	Nododd y Pwyllgor Cyfiawnder fod ‘…the prison population has become increasingly challenging in nature, with prisoners often having complex health and social needs. 

en-gb	Many have learning disabilities or mental health conditions, such as psychosis, that make it difficult to cope with the criminal justice system and places an addition burden on the prison service to manage their needs. 
cy-gb	Many have learning disabilities or mental health conditions, such as psychosis, that make it difficult to cope with the criminal justice system and places an addition burden on the prison service to manage their needs. 

en-gb	The Ministry needs to acknowledge the challenge it faces and demonstrate that it has a long-term strategy to deal with these. ” 
cy-gb	The Ministry needs to acknowledge the challenge it faces and demonstrate that it has a long-term strategy to deal with these.’ 

en-gb	4.260 Existing arrangements across the England and Wales prison estate do cater for some specific needs relating to the security, offending behaviour and custodial management requirements of individual prisoners. 
cy-gb	4.260 Mae trefniadau sydd eisoes yn bodoli mewn carchardai ledled Cymru a Lloegr yn darparu ar gyfer rhai anghenion penodol yn ymwneud â diogelwch, ymddygiad troseddol a gofynion rheoli carcharorion unigol. 

en-gb	For example, there are five high secure ‘dispersal’ prisons in England (three others take such men on remand) and there are units that specialise in dangerous and severe personality disorder. 
cy-gb	Er enghraifft, mae pum carchar 'gwasgaru' diogel iawn yn Lloegr (mae tri arall yn derbyn dynion o'r fath ar remánd) ac unedau sy'n arbenigo mewn anhwylder personoliaeth peryglus a difrifol. 

en-gb	In Wales, Usk accommodates sex offenders and there is a unit for prisoners serving life sentences in Parc .
cy-gb	Yng Nghymru, mae carchar Brynbuga yn cynnwys troseddwyr rhyw ac mae uned ar gyfer carcharorion sy'n bwrw dedfryd o garchar am oes yng ngharchar  y Parc .

en-gb	 WS008 Graham Morgan: 
cy-gb	 WS008 Graham Morgan: 

en-gb	1.
cy-gb	1.

en-gb	4.261 We make our recommendations on prisons at paragraphs 4.271  and following.
cy-gb	4.261 Gwnawn ein hargymhellion ar garchardai ym mharagraff 4.271  ac  wedi hynny.

en-gb	6. 
cy-gb	6. 

en-gb	Women’s justice 
cy-gb	Cyfiawnder menywod 

en-gb	numbers in prison 
cy-gb	a)  niferoedd yn y carchar 

en-gb	Although the number of women sentenced to prison is a fraction of the overall prison population, since 2011 the number of women from Wales sentenced to immediate custody has increased by almost a fifth . 
cy-gb	4.262 Er mai nifer bach o boblogaeth gyffredinol carchardai yw menywod sydd wedi cael dedfryd o garchar, ers 2011 mae nifer y menywod o Gymru a gafodd eu dedfrydu i'r carchar ar unwaith wedi cynyddu bron un rhan o bump . 

en-gb	The average number of Welsh women in prison reached 261 in 2018. 
cy-gb	Cyrhaeddodd nifer cyfartalog y menywod o Gymru sydd yn y carchar 261 yn 2018. 

en-gb	78.6% of all women sentenced to custody between 2010 and 2017 in Wales were given sentences of under 12 months, with a quarter (24.8%)  given sentences of one month or less . 
cy-gb	Rhoddwyd dedfrydau o lai na 12 mis i 78.6% o'r holl fenywod a gafodd eu dedfrydu i'r ddalfa yng Nghymru rhwng 2010 a 2017, gyda chwarter (24.8%) yn cael dedfryd o fis neu lai.

en-gb	The majority of women from  Wales sentenced to immediate custody have been convicted of  non-violent offences. 
cy-gb	Mae'r mwyafrif o fenywod o Gymru a gafodd ddedfryd o garchar ar unwaith wedi cael eu heuogfarnu o droseddau anhreisgar. 

en-gb	In 2016, there were 623 women sentenced  to immediate custody. 
cy-gb	Yn 2016, dedfrydwyd 623 o fenywod i'r carchar ar unwaith. 

en-gb	86%  of them were convicted of  non-violent offences . 
cy-gb	Cafodd 86%  ohonynt eu heuogfarnu am droseddau anhreisgar . 

en-gb	 Ibid: 
cy-gb	 Ibid: 

en-gb	1.
cy-gb	1.

en-gb	 Ibid: 
cy-gb	 Ibid: 

en-gb	2.
cy-gb	2.

en-gb	 Ibid: 
cy-gb	 Ibid: 

en-gb	1, WS056 Prison Reform Trust: 
cy-gb	1, WS056 Ymddiriedolaeth Diwygio Carchardai: 

en-gb	3.
cy-gb	3.

en-gb	Policy changes have had a disproportionately negative impact on this vulnerable group of women. 
cy-gb	4.263 Mae newidiadau polisi wedi cael effaith anghymesur o negyddol ar y grŵp hwn o fenywod sy'n agored i niwed. 

en-gb	According to the Commons Justice Committee , women have been particularly affected by the implementation of the Offender Rehabilitation Act 2014: 
cy-gb	Yn ôl Pwyllgor Cyfiawnder Tŷ'r Cyffredin , mae rhoi Deddf Adsefydlu Troseddwyr 2014 mewn grym wedi effeithio'n benodol ar fenywod: 

en-gb	the recall rate of women offenders rose 20% between 2016 and 2017. 
cy-gb	cynyddodd y gyfradd galw'n ôl o droseddwyr benywaidd 20% rhwng 2016 a 2017. 

en-gb	The December 2018 Prison Reform report Broken Trust: 
cy-gb	Mynegodd adroddiad Diwygio Carchardai Rhagfyr 2018 Broken Trust:  

en-gb	The Rising Numbers of Women Recalled to Prison  expressed concern about the increases in the number of women being recalled and found that the increases could be explained by both the Offender Rehabilitation Act and the ‘collapse of social networks of support’ that could assist with problems relating to housing, debt, abusive relationships and mental illness.
cy-gb	The Rising Numbers of Women Recalled to Prison  bryder ynghylch y cynnydd yn nifer y menywod sy'n cael eu galw'n ôl a gwelwyd y gellid egluro'r cynnydd drwy Ddeddf Adsefydlu Troseddwyr a 'rhwydweithiau cymdeithasol cymorth yn chwalu' a allai helpu gyda phroblemau sy'n ymwneud â thai, dyledion, perthnasoedd camdriniol a salwch meddwl. 

en-gb	 House of Commons (2019) Transforming Rehabilitation: 
cy-gb	 Ty ˆ  'r Cyffredin (2019) Transforming Rehabilitation: 

en-gb	Follow-up.
cy-gb	Follow-up.

en-gb	 Prison Reform Trust (2018) Broken Trust: 
cy-gb	 Ymddiriedolaeth Diwygio Carchardai (2018) Broken Trust: 

en-gb	The rising numbers of women recalled to prison.
cy-gb	The rising numbers of women recalled to prison.

en-gb	Because there are no prisons for women in Wales, all Welsh women sentenced to custody are held in one of the 12 women’s prisons in England, with most being in HMP Eastwood Park in Gloucestershire and HMP Styal in Cheshire. 
cy-gb	4.264 Gan nad oes carchardai i fenywod yng Nghymru, mae pob menyw o Gymru a gaiff ddedfryd o garchar yn cael ei chadw yn un o'r 12 o'r carchardai i fenywod yn Lloegr, ac mae'r rhan fwyaf yn cael eu cadw yn HMP Eastwood Park yn Swydd Gaerloyw a HMP Styal yn Swydd Gaer. 

en-gb	The mother and baby unit in Eastwood Park was closed due to flood damage from 2016 to the beginning of 2019. 
cy-gb	Caewyd yr uned i famau a babanod yn Eastwood Park oherwydd difrod ar ôl llifogydd o 2016 tan ddechrau 2019. 

en-gb	This meant that Styal or HMP Bronzefield in Middlesex were the closest mother and baby facilities for women from South Wales. 
cy-gb	Golygai hyn mai HMP Styal neu HMP Bronzefield yn Middlesex oedd y cyfleusterau mamau a babanod agosaf i fenywod o Dde Cymru. 

en-gb	The distances from home facing these women are often considerably longer than those facing adult men from Wales and their counterparts from England .
cy-gb	Mae'r pellter o gartref sy'n wynebu'r menywod hyn yn aml yn sylweddol hwy na'r pellter sy'n wynebu dynion sy'n oedolion o Gymru a rhai cyfatebol yn Lloegr .

en-gb	 WS114 Kaleidoscope: 
cy-gb	 WS114 Kaleidoscope: 

en-gb	1 WS203 Dr Alyson Rees: 
cy-gb	1 WS203 Dr Alyson Rees: 

en-gb	2.
cy-gb	2.

en-gb	Cost
cy-gb	b)  Cost

en-gb	4.265 The 2017-18 published costs of keeping women in custody are set out in the following table . 
cy-gb	4.265 Nodir costau cyhoeddedig cadw menywod yn y carchar ar gyfer 201718 yn y tabl canlynol . 

en-gb	By way of comparison to illustrate the high cost of keeping a woman in custody, a category C training place for a man costs £15,000 less per place and per prisoner.
cy-gb	Fel cymhariaeth er mwyn dangos cost uchel cadw menyw yn y carchar, mae lle hyfforddi categori C i ddyn yn costio £15,000 yn llai fesul lle ac fesul carcharor.

en-gb	 We have chosen the local prisons where most women for Wales are held and the average of all women’s prisons.
cy-gb	 Rydym wedi dewis y carchardai lleol lle y cedwir y rhan fwyaf o fenywod o Gymru a chyfartaledd yr holl garchardai i fenywod.

en-gb	Figure 35 
cy-gb	ffigur 35 

en-gb	Costs of keeping women in custody 2017-18
cy-gb	Costau cadw menywod yn y carchar 2017-18

en-gb	Cost Per PLACe
cy-gb	Cost fEsuL LLE

en-gb	Cost Per PrIsoner
cy-gb	Cost fEsuL CARChARoR

en-gb	Eastwood Park
cy-gb	Eastwood Park

en-gb	£41,974
cy-gb	£41,974

en-gb	£42,098
cy-gb	£42,098

en-gb	Styal
cy-gb	Styal

en-gb	£39,266
cy-gb	£39,266

en-gb	£40,635
cy-gb	£40,635

en-gb	Average costs of all women’s prison places
cy-gb	Costau cyfartalog yr holl lefydd i fenywod mewn carchar

en-gb	£45,619
cy-gb	£45,619

en-gb	£49,547
cy-gb	£49,547

en-gb	Source: 
cy-gb	Ffynhonnell: 

en-gb	Ministry of Justice
cy-gb	Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder

en-gb	Proposals for reform 
cy-gb	c)  Cynigion ar gyfer diwygio 

en-gb	There have been a number of initiatives, following Baroness Corston’s review in 2007  which point to the effectiveness of a range of measures that support the needs of women . 
cy-gb	4.266 Bu nifer o fentrau, yn dilyn adolygiad y Farwnes Corston yn 2007  sy'n cyfeirio at effeithiolrwydd ystod o fesurau sy'n cefnogi anghenion menywod . 

en-gb	These include greater provision of domestic abuse services, early intervention, diversion schemes, improving the use of out of court disposals, making greater use of robust alternatives to custody and a network of women’s centres. 
cy-gb	Mae'r rhain yn cynnwys darparu mwy o wasanaethau cam-drin domestig, ymyrraeth gynnar, cynlluniau dargyfeirio, gwella'r defnydd o benderfyniadau y tu allan i'r llys, gwneud mwy o ddefnydd o atebion amgen cadarn yn lle carchar a rhwydwaith o ganolfannau i fenywod. 

en-gb	In 2013 and 2015, the House of Commons Justice Committee examined the treatment of women offenders and the implementation of the Corston report, particularly in the light of concerns about the increase in the rate of recall to prison, the impact of the reforms to probation and the funding available for women’s centres.
cy-gb	Yn 2013 a 2015, archwiliodd Pwyllgor Cyfiawnder Tŷ'r Cyffredin y driniaeth o droseddwyr benywaidd a'r modd y rhoddwyd adroddiad Corston ar waith, yn enwedig o ystyried y pryderon ynghylch y cynnydd yn y gyfradd galw'n ôl i garchar, effaith y diwygiadau ar y gwasanaeth prawf a'r cyllid sydd ar gael ar gyfer canolfannau i fenywod.

en-gb	 op cit n. 
cy-gb	 op cit n. 

en-gb	105. 
cy-gb	105. 

en-gb	 WS183 Lloyds Bank Foundation: 
cy-gb	 WS183 Sefydliad Banc Lloyds: 

en-gb	2.
cy-gb	2.

en-gb	The Ministry of Justice Female Offender Strategy , published in June 2018, describes the negative impact of criminalising women:   
cy-gb	4.267 Mae Strategaeth Troseddwyr Benywaidd y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder , a gyhoeddwyd ym mis Mehefin 2018, yn disgrifio effaith negyddol troi menywod yn droseddwyr: 

en-gb	“…Coming into contact with the criminal justice system, and in particular custody, can undermine the ability of women to address the issues that have caused their offending. 
cy-gb	“ …Mae dod i gysylltiad â’r system cyfiawnder troseddol, a dalfeydd yn benodol, yn gallu tanseilio gallu menywod i ddelio â’r materion sydd wedi achosi eu troseddu. 

en-gb	In particular, many have difficulty maintaining employment and accommodation whilst in the criminal justice system. 
cy-gb	Yn benodol, mae nifer mawr ohonynt yn ei chael yn anodd cadw cyflogaeth a llety tra byddant yn y system cyfiawnder troseddol. 

en-gb	This can contribute to these women entering crisis, or failing to come out of it, ultimately requiring greater support from services and leading to reoffending. 
cy-gb	Gall hyn gyfrannu at ddod â’r menywod hyn i argyfwng, neu fethu â dod ohono, gan arwain, yn y pen draw, at fwy o angen am gymorth gan wasanaethau ac at aildroseddu. 

en-gb	Furthermore, the criminalisation or incarceration of parents has a significant impact on families and children. 
cy-gb	Yn ogystal â hyn, mae troseddoli neu garcharu rhieni yn cael effaith fawr ar deuluoedd a phlant. 

en-gb	The incarceration of women may also have a disproportionate impact on intergenerational offending as they are more likely to be living with their children prior to custody.” 
cy-gb	Mae’n bosibl hefyd fod carcharu menywod yn cael effaith anghymesur ar droseddu sy’n pontio’r cenedlaethau gan eu bod yn fwy tebygol o fyw gyda’u plant cyn mynd i’r ddalfa. ”

en-gb	 Ministry of Justice (2018) Female Offender Strategy, WS185 PACT Group: 
cy-gb	 Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder (2018) Strategaeth Troseddwyr Benywaidd  WS185 Gr wˆ p PACT: 

en-gb	1.
cy-gb	1.

en-gb	After the publication of the Female Offender Strategy, the Ministry of Justice asked Lord Farmer to consider women in the criminal justice system through the lens of family and other relational ties. 
cy-gb	4.268 Ar ôl cyhoeddi'r Strategaeth Troseddwyr Benywaidd, gofynnodd y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder i'r Arglwydd Farmer ystyried menywod yn y system cyfiawnder troseddol drwy lygaid y teulu a chysylltiadau eraill â pherthnasau. 

en-gb	His report The Importance of Strengthening Female Offenders and other Relationships to Prevent Reoffending and Reduce Intergenerational Crime  was published on June 2019 . 
cy-gb	Cyhoeddwyd ei adroddiad The Importance of Strengthening Female Offenders and other Relationships to Prevent Reoffending and Reduce Intergenerational Crime ym mis Mehefin 2019 . 

en-gb	It recommended a number of changes so that family ties could be maintained, including the greater use of women’s centres with sustainable funding and the way provision was made for contact with families whilst in prison. 
cy-gb	Argymhellodd nifer o newidiadau er mwyn cynnal cysylltiadau teuluol, gan gynnwys gwneud mwy o ddefnydd o ganolfannau i fenywod gyda chyllid cynaliadwy a'r ffordd y darparwyd ar gyfer cyswllt â theuluoedd tra roedd rhywun yn y carchar. 

en-gb	It aimed to break the cycle of reoffending by providing tailored support.
cy-gb	Ei nod oedd torri'r cylch aildroseddu drwy ddarparu cymorth wedi ei deilwra.

en-gb	 op cit n.113.
cy-gb	 op cit n.113.

en-gb	The Prison Reform Trust 2017 report There’s a reason we’re in trouble  examined domestic abuse as a driver to women’s offending . 
cy-gb	4.269 Gwnaeth adroddiad yr Ymddiriedolaeth Diwygio Carchardai yn 2017, There's a reason we're in trouble,  archwilio cam-drin domestig fel rhywbeth sy'n sbarduno menywod i droseddu . 

en-gb	It found that the response of criminal justice agencies to female offenders affected by domestic abuse can be key to breaking the cycle of victimisation, coercion and offending, and that identification of domestic abuse at the earliest opportunity is critical. 
cy-gb	Gwelodd fod ymateb asiantaethau cyfiawnder troseddol i droseddwyr benywaidd y mae camdrin domestig wedi effeithio arnynt yn gallu bod yn allweddol i dorri'r cylch o fod yn ddioddefwr, gorfodaeth a throseddu, a bod nodi cam-drin domestig cyn gynted â phosibl yn hollbwysig. 

en-gb	 Prison Reform Trust (2017) “There’s a reason we’re in trouble” Domestic abuse as a driver to women’s offending. 
cy-gb	 Ymddiriedolaeth Diwygio Carchardai (2017) “There’s a reason we’re in trouble” Domestic abuse as a driver to women’s offending. 

en-gb	Following a pilot scheme between 2014 and 2017 in Cardiff, Newport, Cwm Taf, Pembrokeshire and Conwy/Denbighshire that diverted over 1,400 women from the criminal justice system, a project known as Women’s Pathfinder  will work with the police and PCCs, HMPPS in Wales and the Welsh Government to roll out the Whole System Approach Service Delivery Model across the South Wales and Gwent police force areas . 
cy-gb	4.270 Yn dilyn cynllun peilot rhwng 2014 a 2017 yng Nghaerdydd, Casnewydd, Cwm Taf, Sir Benfro a Chonwy/Sir Ddinbych a ddargyfeiriodd dros 1,400 o fenywod oddi wrth y system cyfiawnder troseddol, bydd prosiect o'r enw Cynllun Braenaru Merched,  yn gweithio gyda'r heddlu a Chomisiynwyr yr Heddlu a Throseddu, Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi yng Nghymru a Llywodraeth Cymru i gyflwyno'r Model Cyflenwi Gwasanaethau Dull System Gyfan yn ardaloedd yr heddlu ledled De Cymru a Gwent . 

en-gb	The pilot was evaluated by the University of South Wales and evidenced a 26% reduction in reoffending and found that the overall re-arrest rate in the pilot sites was around half that in the comparison sites (17.8% compared with 35%) 582 .
cy-gb	Gwerthuswyd y rhaglen beilot gan Brifysgol De Cymru a dangosodd ostyngiad o 26% yn y cyfraddau aildroseddu a chanfu fod y gyfradd ail-arestio gyffredinol yn yr ardaloedd peilot tua hanner yr hyn ydoedd yn yr ardaloedd cymharu (17.8% o gymharu â 35%) .

en-gb	 North Wales and Dyfed Powys PCCs are exploring other options and are considering a broader diversion approach (not just for women). 
cy-gb	 Mae Comisiynwyr yr Heddlu a Throseddu Gogledd Cymru a Dyfed Powys yn ystyried opsiynau eraill ac yn ystyried dull dargyfeirio ehangach (nid ar gyfer menywod yn unig).  

en-gb	582  IOM Cymru, Women’s Pathfinder. 
cy-gb	 IOM Cymru, Cynllun Braenaru Merched .  

en-gb	our proposals
cy-gb	d)  Ein cynigion

en-gb	We have received a wide range of compelling evidence which supports the development of a singular, distinct approach to women’s justice in Wales which should, if planned and executed well by a strategic body, lead to a significant reduction in the number of Welsh women sentenced to custody . 
cy-gb	4.271 Rydym wedi derbyn ystod eang o dystiolaeth gymhellol sy'n cefnogi'r gwaith o ddatblygu dull unigol, penodol o ymdrin â chyfiawnder menywod yng Nghymru a ddylai, pe bai'n cael ei gynllunio a'i weithredu'n dda gan gorff strategol, arwain at ostyngiad sylweddol yn nifer y menywod o Gymru sy'n cael eu dedfrydu i garchar . 

en-gb	This would also be consistent with the approach in Wales of adopting international standards and specifically those contained in the Bangkok Rules . 
cy-gb	Byddai hyn hefyd yn gyson â'r dull yng Nghymru o fabwysiadu safonau rhyngwladol ac yn benodol y rhai a gynhwysir yn Rheolau Bangkok . 

en-gb	The radical reduction in the number of children entering the criminal justice system in Wales and the collaborative work between local authorities, police, justice and health services offers an effective example of what can be achieved. 
cy-gb	Mae'r gostyngiad radical yn nifer y plant sy'n dod yn rhan o'r system cyfiawnder troseddol yng Nghymru a'r gwaith cydweithredol rhwng awdurdodau lleol, yr heddlu, a'r gwasanaethau cyfiawnder ac iechyd yn cynnig enghraifft effeithiol o'r hyn y gellir ei gyflawni.

en-gb	 WS069 NAPO Cymru: 
cy-gb	 WS069 NAPO Cymru: 

en-gb	2, OE022 Dr Kay Richmond:1. 
cy-gb	2, OE022 Dr Kay Richmond:1. 

en-gb	OE039 Alan Thomas: 
cy-gb	OE039 Alan Thomas: 

en-gb	5.
cy-gb	5.

en-gb	 The United Nations Rules (2010) Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders (or the Bangkok Rules). 
cy-gb	 Rheolau'r Cenhedloedd Unedig (2010) Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders  (neu Reolau  Bangkok). 

en-gb	These are the first set of rules focused and tailored on the treatment of female offenders and prisoners, which supplements existing international standards on the treatment of prisoners, particularly the Nelson Mandela Rules which apply to all prisoners regardless of gender. are a set of 70 rules focused on the treatment of female offenders and prisoners. 
cy-gb	Dyma'r gyfres gyntaf o reolau sy'n canolbwyntio ac wedi'i theilwra ar driniaeth troseddwyr a charcharorion benywaidd, ac maent yn ategu'r safonau rhyngwladol presennol ar drin carcharorion, yn enwedig Rheolau Nelson Mandela sy'n gymwys i bob carcharor ni waeth beth fo'i rywedd. Mae 70 o reolau i gyd a chawsant eu mabwysiadu gan Gynulliad Cyffredinol y Cenhedloedd Unedig ar 22 Rhagfyr 2010.

en-gb	It was adopted by the UN General Assembly on 22 December 2010 and is the first set of rules tailored to the treatment of women prisoners. 
cy-gb	4.272 Ceir cryn dystiolaeth o ystod eang o broblemau iechyd meddwl y mae llawer o fenywod agored i niwed sy'n rhan o'r system cyfiawnder troseddol yn dioddef ohonynt . 

en-gb	Most of these are as a direct result of difficult childhoods, trauma and abusive relationships. 
cy-gb	Mae'r rhan fwyaf o'r rhain yn deillio o blentyndod anodd, trawma a pherthnasoedd camdriniol. 

en-gb	Over half the women in prison have suffered domestic violence with 53% reporting having experienced emotional, physical or sexual abuse as a child . 
cy-gb	Mae dros hanner y menywod sydd yn y carchar wedi dioddef trais domestig, ac mae 53% wedi nodi eu bod wedi cael eu cam-drin yn emosiynol, yn gorfforol neu'n rhywiol fel plentyn . 

en-gb	It is important that health services are readily available to support these women so that they receive the treatment and care they need. 
cy-gb	Mae'n bwysig bod gwasanaethau iechyd ar gael yn hawdd i gefnogi'r menywod hyn fel eu bod yn cael y driniaeth a'r gofal sydd eu hangen arnynt. 

en-gb	 WS027 Prof Maurice Vanstone: 
cy-gb	 WS027 Yr Athro Maurice Vanstone: 

en-gb	1, WS056 Prison Reform Trust: 
cy-gb	1, WS056 Ymddiriedolaeth Diwygio Carchardai: 

en-gb	2.
cy-gb	2.

en-gb	 WS056 Prison Reform Trust: 
cy-gb	 WS056 Ymddiriedolaeth Diwygio Carchardai: 

en-gb	1, WS137 Clinks: 
cy-gb	1, WS137 Clinks: 

en-gb	2. 
cy-gb	2. 

en-gb	587  WS031 Howard League for Penal Reform: 
cy-gb	587  WS031 Howard League for Penal Reform: 

en-gb	1.
cy-gb	1.

en-gb	Far from the absence of a women’s prison in Wales being seen as a problem, we believe it should be seen as a benefit and support the new approach to be taken. 
cy-gb	4.273 Yn hytrach na chredu ei bod hi'n broblem nad oes carchar i fenywod ar gael yng Nghymru, dylem ystyried bod hyn yn fantais a chefnogi'r dull newydd i'w fabwysiadu. 

en-gb	A commitment should be made, in our view, to establish a number of women’s centres and the supporting interventions. 
cy-gb	Yn ein barn ni, dylid ymrwymo i sefydlu nifer o ganolfannau i fenywod a rhoi ymyriadau cefnogol ar waith. 

en-gb	This would overcome the well-documented problems of women’s imprisonment and would enable women to serve their sentences in their home areas 587 . 
cy-gb	Byddai hyn yn goresgyn y problemau sydd wedi'u dogfennu'n dda ynghylch carchardai i fenywod a byddai'n galluogi menywod i fwrw eu dedfryd yn yr ardal lle mae eu cartref 587 . 

en-gb	These centres take a holistic approach to reducing offending by women, offering court-ordered support and supervision, access to mental healthcare and treatment for addictions, skills for employment, financial management and debt advice, parenting support and the opportunity to gain and maintain  safe housing. 
cy-gb	Mae'r canolfannau hyn yn mabwysiadu dull cyfannol o leihau nifer y troseddau a gyflawnir gan fenywod, gan gynnig cymorth a goruchwyliaeth a orchmynnir gan y llys, mynediad at ofal iechyd meddwl a thriniaeth am gaethiwed, sgiliau ar gyfer cyflogaeth, cyngor ar reoli arian a dyledion, cymorth rhianta a'r cyfle i gael cartref diogel a'i gadw. 

en-gb	There could be a few Welsh women whose offending is so serious that it leaves no alternative but a custodial sentence; these women would serve their sentences in England, either in Styal or Eastwood Park as is currently the case. 
cy-gb	4.274 I rai menywod yng Nghymru y mae eu troseddu mor ddifrifol, yr unig ateb efallai yw dedfryd o garchar; byddai'r menywod hyn yn bwrw eu dedfryd yn Lloegr, naill ai yn Styal neu Eastwood Park fel sy'n digwydd ar hyn o bryd. 

en-gb	Arrangements could be made to improve access for their families and friends. 
cy-gb	Gellid gwneud trefniadau i wella mynediad i'w teuluoedd a'u ffrindiau. 

en-gb	Over time the effectiveness of these new arrangements should result in a reduction in the amount of money that is currently spent on custodial places. 
cy-gb	Dros amser dylai effeithiolrwydd y trefniadau newydd hyn leihau swm yr arian sy'n cael ei wario ar hyn o bryd ar leoedd mewn carchar. 

en-gb	Based on the average costs per female prisoner and per custodial place it should be possible over time to close prison accommodation, track the reduction in cost and either reinvest that money in alternative provision or use it to offset the investment in setting up the women’s centres described earlier. 
cy-gb	Yn seiliedig ar gostau cyfartalog fesul carcharor benywaidd a fesul lle mewn carchar, dylai fod yn bosibl cau carchardai dros amser, olrhain y gostyngiad mewn cost ac ail-fuddsoddi’r arian hwnnw mewn darpariaeth amgen neu ei ddefnyddio i wrthbwyso'r buddsoddiad mewn sefydlu'r canolfannau i fenywod a ddisgrifiwyd yn gynharach. 

en-gb	We have also considered the issue of Approved Premises for women. 
cy-gb	4.275 Rydym hefyd wedi ystyried y mater o Safleoedd Cymeradwy i fenywod. 

en-gb	None currently exists in Wales. 
cy-gb	Nid oes rhai ar gael yng Nghymru ar hyn o bryd. 

en-gb	The four Approved Premises in Wales for men undertake and deliver some of the most impressive and successful work in managing those presenting very high risk at relatively low cost . 
cy-gb	Mae'r pedwar Safle Cymeradwy yng Nghymru i ddynion yn gwneud ac yn cyflawni peth o'r gwaith mwyaf trawiadol a llwyddiannus wrth reoli'r rhai sy'n peri risg uchel iawn am gost gymharol isel . 

en-gb	The absence of any such provision for women necessitates an even greater dislocation than sending women prisoners to HMPs Styal and Eastwood Park.
cy-gb	Mae'r ffaith nad oes darpariaeth o'r fath ar gael i fenywod yn tarfu hyd yn oed yn fwy arnynt na'r menywod hynny sy'n cael eu hanfon i CEM Styal a CEM Eastwood Park. 

en-gb	 WS127 The Parole Board: 
cy-gb	 WS127 Y Bwrdd Parôl: 

en-gb	1.
cy-gb	1.

en-gb	Although the outcomes from the Women’s Pathfinder  project are encouraging , the Implementation Plan  for the Female Offending Blueprint for Wales  does not persuade us that the way in which this work is currently organised and resourced will deliver the desired, measurable results at a reasonable pace. 
cy-gb	4.276 Er bod canlyniadau'r Cynllun Braenaru Merched  yn galonogol ,  nid yw'r Cynllun Gweithredu  ar gyfer y Glasbrint Troseddwyr Benywaidd  yn ein darbwyllo y bydd y ffordd y trefnir y gwaith hwn ar hyn o bryd yn cyflawni'r canlyniadau dymunol, mesuradwy ar gyflymder rhesymol. 

en-gb	There are commitments to explore and consider options for the long term, including the use of intensive alternatives to custody and development of residential services. 
cy-gb	Mae ymrwymiadau i archwilio ac ystyried opsiynau ar gyfer y tymor hwy, gan gynnwys y defnydd o atebion amgen dwys yn lle'r carchar a datblygu gwasanaethau preswyl. 

en-gb	These need to be taken forward with greater urgency and the more radical approach we have suggested should be adopted as soon as practicable.
cy-gb	Mae angen gweithredu ar y rhain ar frys a dylid mabwysiadu'r dull mwy radical a awgrymwyd gennym cyn gynted ag y bo'n ymarferol.

en-gb	Para 4.270.
cy-gb	Para 4.270.

en-gb	 Ministry of Justice and Welsh Government (2019) Female Offending Implementation Plan. 
cy-gb	 Y Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder a Llywodraeth Cymru (2019) Cynllun Gweithredu Glasbrint Troseddwyr Benywaidd. 

en-gb	Para 4.215.
cy-gb	Para 4.215.

en-gb	We recommend:
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	the comprehensive network of services and centres as alternatives to custody for women in Wales must be established rapidly and sustained  over time. 
cy-gb	Rhaid i'r rhwydwaith cynhwysfawr o wasanaethau a chanolfannau fel dewisiadau amgen i garcharu menywod yng nghymru gael ei sefydlu'n gyflym a'i gynnal dros amser. 

en-gb	7. 
cy-gb	7. 

en-gb	Conclusion: 
cy-gb	Casgliad: 

en-gb	a whole system approach: 
cy-gb	dull system gyfan: 

en-gb	reducing reoffending and promoting rehabilitation
cy-gb	gostwng aildroseddu a  hyrwyddo adsefydlu

en-gb	4.277 It is clear that the present policy of making piecemeal reforms needs to be re-evaluated in the light of:
cy-gb	4.277 Mae'n amlwg bod angen ail-werthuso’r polisi presennol o wneud diwygiadau tameidiog yng ngoleuni'r canlynol:

en-gb	The proportion of justice resources spent on prisons
cy-gb	Cyfran yr adnoddau cyfiawnder a gaiff ei gwario ar garchardai

en-gb	The need to improve rehabilitative outcomes
cy-gb	Yr angen i wella canlyniadau adsefydlu

en-gb	The role of prisons
cy-gb	Rôl carchardai

en-gb	The experience of other nations
cy-gb	Profiad gwledydd eraill

en-gb	The use of intensive community sentences
cy-gb	Y defnydd o ddedfrydau cymunedol dwys

en-gb	The use of facilities in England
cy-gb	Y defnydd o gyfleusterau yn Lloegr

en-gb	The role of probation in integrated offender management
cy-gb	Rôl y gwasanaeth prawf wrth reoli troseddwyr yn integredig

en-gb	Alignment with other policy and the delivery in areas such as    health, particularly mental health, and education. 
cy-gb	Cysoni â pholisïau eraill a'r ddarpariaeth mewn meysydd megis   iechyd, yn enwedig iechyd meddwl, ac addysg. 

en-gb	Our conclusion is that Wales should move forward speedily to set  in place a new policy based on a whole system approach with a  re-evaluation of sentencing policy based on the experience of other nations. 
cy-gb	Ein casgliad yw y dylai Cymru symud ymlaen yn gyflym i roi polisi newydd ar waith yn seiliedig ar ddull system gyfan ac ail-werthuso’r polisi dedfrydu yn seiliedig ar brofiad gwledydd eraill. 

en-gb	The current situation which we have set out requires action as resources are not being used effectively. 
cy-gb	Mae angen mynd i'r afael â'r sefyllfa bresennol a nodwyd gennym gan nad yw'r adnoddau yn cael eu defnyddio'n effeithiol. 

en-gb	The time is right to do so. 
cy-gb	Mae'r amser yn iawn i wneud hyn. 

en-gb	Wales’ size makes it more agile. 
cy-gb	Mae maint Cymru yn golygu bod hyn yn fwy hyblyg. 

en-gb	There is a willingness to innovate. 
cy-gb	Mae parodrwydd i arloesi. 

en-gb	There is a readiness to look at the long-term and to address the underlying causes of much crime by taking a whole system approach in line with the policies for future generations and social justice embodied in Welsh legislation.
cy-gb	Mae parodrwydd i edrych ar yr hirdymor a mynd i'r afael ag achosion sylfaenol llawer o'r troseddau drwy fabwysiadu dull system gyfan yn unol â'r polisïau ar gyfer cenedlaethau'r dyfodol a chyfiawnder cymdeithasol sydd wedi ei wreiddio yn neddfwriaeth Cymru.

en-gb	The end of the privatised probation arrangements in Wales, and the investment in more qualified probation officers and ‘key workers’ in the prisons (to which we refer in paragraph 4.286  below) should be used to establish a resilient and outcome focused offender management system. 
cy-gb	Dylai diwedd trefniadau prawf wedi'u preifateiddio yng Nghymru, a buddsoddi mewn swyddogion prawf mwy cymwys a 'gweithwyr allweddol' yn y carchardai (y cyfeiriwn atynt ym mharagraff 4.286  isod) gael eu defnyddio i sefydlu system rheoli troseddwyr gadarn sy'n seiliedig ar ganlyniadau. 

en-gb	This should be led and driven both in the community and in custody by professional expertise, in particular that of probation officers. 
cy-gb	Dylai hyn gael ei arwain a'i hybu yn y gymuned ac yn y ddalfa gan arbenigedd proffesiynol, yn enwedig arbenigedd swyddogion prawf. 

en-gb	This would ensure that the considerable evidence base regarding effective offender management, and referred to at paragraphs 4.232  and 4.244,  is applied to offender supervision across Wales’ probation and prison service.
cy-gb	Byddai hyn yn sicrhau bod y sylfaen dystiolaeth sylweddol ynghylch rheoli troseddwyr yn effeithiol, y cyfeirir ati ym mharagraffau 4.232  a 4.244,  yn cael ei chymhwyso at oruchwylio troseddwyr ledled gwasanaeth carchardai a phrawf Cymru.

en-gb	resources
cy-gb	a)  Adnoddau 

en-gb	4.280 It would be unrealistic to think that a whole system approach, including integrated offender management, could deliver success without further resources. 
cy-gb	4.280 Ni fyddai'n realistig meddwl y gallai dull system gyfan, gan gynnwys rheoli troseddwyr yn integredig, arwain at lwyddiant heb ragor o adnoddau. 

en-gb	There is in reality no alternative to considering the reallocation of resources through an overall sentencing framework that delivers better outcomes for society as a whole. 
cy-gb	Mewn gwirionedd, nid oes ateb amgen yn lle ystyried ailneilltuo adnoddau drwy fframwaith dedfrydu cyffredinol sy'n sicrhau canlyniadau gwell i gymdeithas yn gyffredinol. 

en-gb	This requires a proper reconsideration of penal policy taking into account the experience of other nations in successfully reducing the prison population.
cy-gb	Mae hyn yn galw am ailystyred polisi cosbi yn briodol gan ystyried profiad gwledydd eraill o leihau nifer y bobl sydd mewn carchardai yn llwyddiannus.

en-gb	the experience of other jurisdictions: 
cy-gb	b)  Profiad awdurdodaethau eraill: 

en-gb	a re-evaluation of    sentencing policy
cy-gb	ail-werthuso polisi dedfrydu

en-gb	The Justice Committee Prison Population 2022  report also refers to analyses of cross-departmental work in other jurisdictions, most notably the USA, which have enabled a shift of resources from prisons to community measures. 
cy-gb	4.281 Mae adroddiad y Pwyllgor Cyfiawnder Prison Population 2022  hefyd yn cyfeirio at ddadansoddiadau o waith trawsadrannol mewn awdurdodaethau eraill, yn fwyaf nodedig yn UDA, sydd wedi arwain at symud adnoddau o garchardai i fesurau cymunedol. 

en-gb	This followed the Committee’s detailed report published in 2010 drawing on international evidence Cutting Crime: 
cy-gb	Dilynodd hyn adroddiad manwl y Pwyllgor a gyhoeddwyd yn 2010 ac a ddefnyddiodd dystiolaeth ryngwladol Cutting crime: 

en-gb	the case for justice reinvestment.’
cy-gb	the case for justice reinvestment .

en-gb	As we have mentioned at paragraph 4.223,  we have examined the approaches in other nations to rehabilitation and the use of custody. 
cy-gb	4.282 Fel y soniwyd ym mharagraff 4.223 , rydym wedi archwilio'r dulliau adsefydlu mewn gwledydd eraill a'r defnydd o'r ddalfa. 

en-gb	It is evident that in those nations with the lowest rates of imprisonment, social policy – especially that relating to health, education, housing and social care – is rigorously aligned with sentencing decisions and rehabilitation. 
cy-gb	Mae'n amlwg yn y gwledydd hynny sydd â'r cyfraddau carcharu isaf, fod polisi cymdeithasol – yn enwedig yr hyn sy'n ymwneud ag iechyd, tai a gofal cymdeithasol – yn cael ei gysoni'n llym â phenderfyniadau dedfrydu ac adsefydlu. 

en-gb	In the Nordic countries they are increasingly using community alternatives and electronic monitoring. 
cy-gb	Yn y gwledydd Nordig maent yn gynyddol yn defnyddio dulliau cymunedol amgen a monitro electronig. 

en-gb	In Catalonia, the probation service has a key role in the criminal justice system for preventing reoffending by reducing social and economic costs and making education the priority . 
cy-gb	Yng Nghatalonia, mae'r gwasanaeth prawf yn chwarae rhan allweddol yn y system cyfiawnder troseddol sef atal aildroseddu drwy leihau costau cymdeithasol ac economaidd a blaenoriaethu addysg . 

en-gb	In the Netherlands, between 2006 and 2018 the prison population halved (49 per cent) and the imprisonment rate fell from 125 per 100,000 to 61 per 100,000. 
cy-gb	Yn yr Iseldiroedd, rhwng 2006 a 2018 hanerodd nifer y carcharorion (49 y cant) a gostyngodd y gyfradd carcharu o 125 fesul 100,000 i 61 fesul 100,000. 

en-gb	Non-custodial sanctions play an important role in the Dutch system: 
cy-gb	Mae sancsiynau heb garchar yn chwarae rôl bwysig yn y system Iseldiraidd: 

en-gb	the Public Prosecutor is able to impose non-custodial penalties (transactions) such as fines and community sentence orders 593 . 
cy-gb	gall yr Erlynydd Cyhoeddus osod cosbau heb garchar (trafodiadau) megis dirwyon a gorchmynion dedfrydau cymunedol 593 . 

en-gb	Portugal has implemented a model that no longer criminalises those caught in possession of, and has a more health aligned approach to, drugs. 
cy-gb	Mae Portiwgal wedi rhoi model ar waith nad yw'n troseddoli'r rhai sydd â chyffuriau yn eu meddiant mwyach a rhoddir mwy o ffocws ar iechyd wrth ymdrin â chyffuriau. 

en-gb	This has led the number of drug related deaths in Portugal to fall to three deaths per million of population (Wales is 66 per million) and a similar fall in HIV infection rates. 
cy-gb	Mae hyn wedi arwain at ostyngiad yn nifer y marwolaethau ym Mhortiwgal sy'n gysylltiedig â chyffuriau i dair marwolaeth fesul miliwn o'r boblogaeth (yng Nghymru mae'n 66 fesul miliwn) a gostyngiad tebyg yng nghyfraddau haint HIV. 

en-gb	The number of drug related deaths in Portugal in 2015 (out of a population of 10 million) was 40 whilst, in contrast, in Cardiff, Swansea and Newport the total of drug related deaths was 54, out of a population of only 750,000 . 
cy-gb	y marwolaethau a oedd yn gysylltiedig â chyffuriau ym Mhortiwgal yn 2015 (allan o boblogaeth o 10 miliwn) ond, mewn cyferbyniad â hynny, yng Nghaerdydd, Abertawe a Chasnewydd cafwyd 54 o farwolaethau  a oedd yn gysylltiedig â chyffuriau allan o boblogaeth o ddim  ond 750,000 . 

en-gb	 WS113 Enhanced harm reduction group for Wales: 
cy-gb	 WS113 Gr wˆ p Lleihau Niwed Uwch Cymru: 

en-gb	4. 
cy-gb	4. 

en-gb	595  Para 4.125 , 4.135 , 4.266 , 4.272. 
cy-gb	595  Para 4.125,  4.135,  4.266,  4.272. 

en-gb	The experience of other nations points very strongly to the need to radically re-set sentencing policy and align it with approaches of the  type used elsewhere. 
cy-gb	4.283 Mae profiad gwledydd eraill yn dangos yn gryf iawn bod angen ailbennu polisi dedfrydu yn radical a'i gysoni â'r dulliau a ddefnyddir mewn gwledydd eraill. 

en-gb	In particular, a much greater use of a more  health aligned approach in prison and the greater use of effective  community sentences.
cy-gb	Yn arbennig, mwy o bwyslais o lawer ar iechyd wrth ymdrin â'r carcharor a mwy o ddefnydd o ddedfrydau cymunedol.

en-gb	Improving rehabilitative outcomes: 
cy-gb	c)  Gwella canlyniadau adsefydlu: 

en-gb	the role of prisons
cy-gb	rôl carchardai

en-gb	When examining better rehabilitation in prison, we have considered initiatives designed to support work with people who have a background of trauma and mental health problems. 
cy-gb	4.284 Wrth archwilio dulliau adsefydlu gwell mewn carchardai, rydym wedi ystyried mentrau y bwriedir iddynt weithio gyda phobl sydd â chefndir o drawma a phroblemau iechyd meddwl. 

en-gb	Two such initiatives are Trauma Informed Care and Psychologically Informed Planned Environments. 
cy-gb	Dwy fenter o'r fath yw Gofal ar Sail Trawma ac Amgylcheddau Cynlluniedig ar Sail Seicoleg. 

en-gb	There have been several academic studies on the positive impact of both in the treatment of individuals who are suffering from serious mental illness and/or personality disorder which affects a high proportion of offenders. 
cy-gb	Cynhaliwyd sawl astudiaeth academaidd ar effaith gadarnhaol triniaeth ar gyfer unigolion sy'n dioddef o salwch meddwl difrifol a/neu anhwylder personoliaeth sy'n effeithio ar gyfran uchel o droseddwyr. 

en-gb	Another is Enabling Environments – a standards-based quality improvement process for residential and work environments promoted by the Royal College of Psychiatrists. 
cy-gb	Un arall yw Galluogi Amgylcheddau – proses gwella ansawdd ar sail safonau ar gyfer amgylcheddau preswyl a gwaith a hyrwyddir gan Goleg Brenhinol y Seiciatryddion. 

en-gb	There is also a great deal of research that informs the therapeutic regime in HMP Grendon. 
cy-gb	Gwneir llawer iawn o ymchwil hefyd sy'n llywio'r gyfundrefn therapiwtig yn HMP Grendon. 

en-gb	There needs to be more evidence of a systematic approach to the use of such approaches in the prisons in Wales. 
cy-gb	Mae angen mwy o dystiolaeth o ddull systematig o ddefnyddio dulliau gweithredu o'r fath yng ngharchardai Cymru. 

en-gb	We have also referred consistently 595  to the need to improve mental health services in the community. 
cy-gb	Rydym hefyd wedi cyfeirio'n gyson 595  at yr angen i wella gwasanaethau iechyd meddwl yn y gymuned. 

en-gb	We therefore recommend an integrated approach in Wales both inside prison and in the community. 
cy-gb	Felly rydym yn argymell dull gweithredu integredig yng Nghymru yn y carchar ac yn y gymuned. 

en-gb	The Nelson Mandela Rules, the revised standard minimum rules for prison custody adopted by the United Nations in 2015, should be used in line with the Welsh policy of incorporating international standards, as applicable standards for the delivery of all custodial services in Wales. 
cy-gb	4.285 Dylai Rheolau Nelson Mandela, y rheolau gofynnol safonol diwygiedig ar gyfer cadw rhywun yn y carchar, a fabwysiadwyd gan y Cenhedloedd Unedig yn 2015, gael eu defnyddio yn unol â pholisi Cymru o ymgorffori safonau rhyngwladol, fel safonau cymwys i ddarparu'r holl wasanaethau carcharol yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	They cover: 
cy-gb	Maent yn cwmpasu: 

en-gb	the principle of treatment with respect; medical and health services; disciplinary measures and sanctions; protection of vulnerable groups; independent investigations of deaths in custody; access to legal representation; complaints and independent inspection; and the training of staff. 
cy-gb	yr egwyddor o driniaeth gyda pharch; gwasanaethau meddygol ac iechyd; mesurau a chosbau disgyblu; amddiffyn grwpiau agored i niwed; ymchwiliadau annibynnol i farwolaethau yn y ddalfa; yr hawl i gael cynrychiolaeth gyfreithiol; cwynion ac arolygiad annibynnol; a hyfforddiant staff. 

en-gb	We have considered the original Offender Management Model for England and Wales  (published in 2006) and practice in other jurisdictions . 
cy-gb	4.286 Rydym wedi ystyried y Model Rheoli Troseddwyr gwreiddiol ar gyfer Cymru a Lloegr  (a gyhoeddwyd yn 2006) a'r ymarfer mewn awdurdodaethau eraill . 

en-gb	A new model is being trialled in Wales ahead of a planned full rollout later in England. 
cy-gb	Mae model newydd yn cael ei dreialu yng Nghymru cyn iddo gael ei gyflwyno'n llawn yn Lloegr yn ddiweddarach. 

en-gb	More fully qualified probation officers are to work in the prisons’ offender management units. 
cy-gb	At hynny, bydd mwy o swyddogion prawf cwbl gymwys yn gweithio o fewn unedau rheoli troseddwyr mewn carchardai. 

en-gb	They will be supported by prison officers who will undergo training to become ‘key workers’. 
cy-gb	Cânt eu cefnogi gan swyddogion carchar a fydd yn cael hyfforddiant i ddod yn 'weithwyr allweddol'. 

en-gb	Every prisoner is to be allocated a ‘key worker’. 
cy-gb	Neilltuir 'gweithiwr allweddol' i bob carcharor. 

en-gb	This can be made part of the wider reform we have recommended.
cy-gb	Gellir sicrhau bod hyn yn rhan o'r gwaith diwygio ehangach rydym wedi ei argymell.

en-gb	 National Offender Management Service (2006) The NOMS Offender Management Model. 
cy-gb	 Gwasanaeth Cenedlaethol Rheoli Troseddwyr (2006) The NOMS Offender Management Model. 

en-gb	 op cit n. 
cy-gb	 op cit n. 

en-gb	100.
cy-gb	100.

en-gb	Although HMPPS has explored the creation of a more rehabilitative approach in prison, the crisis in the prisons has forced efforts to be refocused on the basic requirements of safety, decency and security. 
cy-gb	4.287 Er bod Gwasanaeth Carchardai a Phrawf Ei Mawrhydi wedi ystyried creu dull mwy adsefydlol mewn carchardai, mae'r argyfwng yn y carchardai wedi gorfodi ymdrechion i ail-ganolbwyntio ar ofynion sylfaenol diogelwch, gwedduster a diogeledd. 

en-gb	The Justice Committee’s Prison 2022  report acknowledges the importance of rehabilitative regimes in custody and emphasises the need for a serious debate about the use of imprisonment (citing this Commission as a positive example of such). 
cy-gb	Mae adroddiad Prison 2022  y Pwyllgor Cyfiawnder yn cydnabod pwysigrwydd cyfundrefnau adsefydlol yn y ddalfa ac yn pwysleisio'r angen am drafodaeth ddifrifol am y defnydd o garchar (gan enwi'r Comisiwn hwn fel enghraifft gadarnhaol o hynny). 

en-gb	Influenced by the Committee’s evaluation of the scale of current problems and what needs to be done to rise above them, we have concluded that the more radical approach we have recommended should be adopted.
cy-gb	O ganlyniad i werthusiad y Pwyllgor o raddau'r problemau cyfredol a'r hyn sydd angen ei wneud i godi uwchlaw'r problemau hynny, rydym wedi dod i'r casgliad y dylai'r dull gweithredu mwy radical a argymhellwyd gennym gael ei fabwysiadu.

en-gb	use of intensive community sentences
cy-gb	d)  Defnydd o ddedfrydau cymunedol dwys

en-gb	4.288 There is clear evidence, including from experience in Northern Ireland (see paragraph 4.173 ) that the number of those sent to custody can be reduced by the use of intensive community sentences. 
cy-gb	4.288 Mae tystiolaeth glir, gan gynnwys tystiolaeth o brofiadau yng Ngogledd Iwerddon (gweler paragraff 4.173 ), y gall nifer y bobl sy'n cael eu hanfon i'r carchar gael ei leihau drwy ddefnyddio dedfrydau cymunedol dwys. 

en-gb	These include a broad range of rigorous supervision requirements and interventions . 
cy-gb	Mae'r rhain yn cynnwys ystod eang o ofynion ac ymyriadau goruchwylio llym . 

en-gb	Such sentences offer effective alternatives to prison and were piloted with some success in Wales and a few other probation trusts in 2011-13. 
cy-gb	Mae dedfrydau o'r fath yn cynnig atebion amgen yn lle carchar a chawsant eu treialu gyda rhywfaint o lwyddiant yng Nghymru ac mewn rhai ymddiriedolaethau prawf eraill yn 2011-13. 

en-gb	Not only do they provide meaningful punishment in that they are very demanding for offenders to complete, but they also enable reparation and facilitate rehabilitation. 
cy-gb	Maent nid yn unig yn darparu cosb ystyrlon yn yr ystyr eu bod yn anodd iawn i droseddwyr eu cwblhau, ond maent hefyd yn gwneud iawn i ddioddefwyr ac yn hwyluso'r broses adsefydlu. 

en-gb	The use of electronic monitoring and other technologies to monitor whereabouts or enforce curfews can provide additional safeguards and restrictions by way of punishment. 
cy-gb	Gall y defnydd o fonitro electronig a thechnolegau eraill i fonitro lleoliad pobl neu i orfodi cyrffyw ddarparu rhagofalon ychwanegol a chyfyngiadau drwy gyfrwng cosb. 

en-gb	Such arrangements should be trialed again and evaluated as soon as possible, with judicial oversight arrangements to provide confidence in such sentences not only to judges and magistrates but to the public.
cy-gb	Dylai trefniadau o'r fath gael eu treialu unwaith eto a'u gwerthuso cyn gynted â phosibl, gyda threfniadau trosolwg barnwrol i roi hyder mewn dedfrydau o'r fath, nid yn unig i farnwyr ac ynadon ond i'r cyhoedd.

en-gb	 WS015 John Deering and Martina Feilzer, p3. 
cy-gb	 WS015 John Deering a Martina Feilzer: t3. 

en-gb	Purchase of facilities in england
cy-gb	e)  Prynu cyfleusterau yn Lloegr

en-gb	4.289 It is not practicable given the size of Wales to provide for all types of prison requirements. 
cy-gb	4.289 Nid yw'n ymarferol o gofio maint Cymru i ddarparu ar gyfer pob math o ofynion o ran carchar. 

en-gb	However, a model can be developed for purchasing services provided in England for Welsh offenders (and vice versa) based on the learning from arrangements which already exist under which the Welsh Government pays for some health services to be delivered in England, for example high secure hospital places. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, gellir datblygu model ar gyfer prynu gwasanaethau a ddarperir yn Lloegr ar gyfer troseddwyr o Gymru (ac i'r gwrthwyneb) yn seiliedig ar yr hyn a ddysgwyd o'r trefniadau sydd eisoes yn bodoli lle mae Llywodraeth Cymru yn talu am rywfaint o'r gwasanaethau iechyd i'w darparu yn Lloegr, er enghraifft lleoedd mewn ysbyty tra diogel. 

en-gb	the role of probation in integrated offender management
cy-gb	f)  Rôl y gwasanaeth prawf wrth reoli troseddwyr yn integredig

en-gb	4.290 Probation in Wales has a pivotal role in a range of arrangements, some of which are statutory, whose focus is public protection and community safety . 
cy-gb	4.290 Mae gan y Gwasanaeth Prawf yng Nghymru rôl hanfodol i'w chwarae mewn amrywiaeth o drefniadau, y mae rhai ohonynt yn statudol, ac y mae eu ffocws ar amddiffyn y cyhoedd a diogelwch cymunedol .  

en-gb	Probation officers are also trained to recognise, gauge and manage the wide range of factors which constitute that risk, working with and challenging the individual in ways to contain or reduce it, regardless of context. 
cy-gb	Caiff swyddogion prawf eu hyfforddi hefyd i adnabod, mesur a rheoli'r ystod eang o ffactorau sy'n gyfystyr â'r risg honno, gan weithio gyda'r unigolyn a'i herio mewn ffyrdd sy'n rheoli'r risg neu'n ei lleihau, ni waeth beth fo'r cyd-destun. 

en-gb	We therefore consider that the approach we have set out should, where appropriate, be led by the Probation Service.
cy-gb	Felly, rydym o'r farn y dylai'r dull a nodwyd gennym, lle y bo'n briodol, gael ei arwain gan y Gwasanaeth Prawf.

en-gb	 Examples of these include: 
cy-gb	 Mae enghreifftiau o'r rhain yn cynnwys: 

en-gb	the Multi Agency Public Protection Arrangements for managing very high risk offenders; Integrated Offender  Management (Cymru) arrangements in partnership with the police, prisons, health, social services and others; the domestic violence  Multi Agency Risk Assessment Conferences; the Wales Integrated and the Wales Reducing Reoffending Pathways Group.
cy-gb	y Trefniadau Amlasiantaethol ar gyfer Diogelu'r Cyhoedd ar gyfer rheoli troseddwyr risg uchel iawn; Trefniadau Rheoli Integredig Troseddwyr (Cymru) mewn partneriaeth â'r heddlu, carchardai, iechyd, gwasanaethau cymdeithasol ac eraill; Cynadleddau Asesu Risg Amlasiantaethol ar drais domestig; Grw p Llwybrau Lleihau Aildroseddu Cymru. ˆ 

en-gb	We recommend: 
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	sentencing policy and the delivery of integrated offender management and rehabilitation should be determined in Wales so that it is an integral part of and aligned with Welsh health, education and social policy. 
cy-gb	Dylai polisi dedfrydu a darpariaeth gwasanaethau integredig ar gyfer rheoli ac adsefydlu troseddwyr gael eu pennu yng nghymru er mwyn iddynt fod yn rhan annatod o bolisi iechyd, addysg a chymdeithasol Cymru ac yn gyson â hynny. 

en-gb	We recommend:
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	An integrated and whole system approach to offender management should be established with a single rehabilitative strategy in Wales that is underpinned by a strong evidence base, accurate data, clear governance and accountability arrangements, coherent action plans, a realistic timetable and resources realigned accordingly. 
cy-gb	Dylid sefydlu dull system gyfan ac integredig o ymdrin â rheoli troseddwyr sydd ag un strategaeth adsefydlu yng nghymru sydd wedi'i hategu gan sylfaen dystiolaeth gadarn, data cywir, trefniadau llywodraethu ac atebolrwydd clir, cynlluniau gweithredu cydlynol, amserlen realistig ac adnoddau sydd wedi'u hailalinio yn unol â hynny. 

en-gb	We recommend:
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	Intensive alternatives to custody should be developed as soon as possible in Wales. they should have judicial oversight and be formally evaluated. 
cy-gb	Dylai atebion amgen dwys yn lle'r carchar gael eu datblygu mor fuan â phosibl yng nghymru. Dylent fod o dan oruchwyliaeth farnwrol a chael eu gwerthuso'n ffurfiol. 

en-gb	We recommend:
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	needs assessments of Welsh offenders should be conducted and collated to identify by volume and character the range of interventions required in both prisons and the community and to ensure that they are sequenced properly for optimal effect.
cy-gb	Dylid coladu asesiadau o anghenion troseddwyr o Gymru er mwyn nodi'r amrywiaeth o ymyriadau, yn ôl nifer a chymeriad, sydd ei hangen yn y carchar ac yn y gymuned a sicrhau bod dilyniant priodol er mwyn cael yr effaith orau bosibl.

en-gb	We recommend: 
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	Administering the sentences of the court should be the responsibility of a single public sector body in Wales and the core function of that body should be managing offenders and promoting rehabilitation to reduce reoffending. 
cy-gb	Dylai un corff yn y sector cyhoeddus yng nghymru fod yn gyfrifol am weinyddu dedfrydau'r llys, ac iddo swyddogaeth graidd rheoli troseddwyr a hyrwyddo eu hadsefydlu er mwyn gostwng aildroseddu. 

en-gb	We recommend:
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	there should be an integrated approach in Wales to improve leadership and provision of mental health services including support for front line services to enable them to respond better to individuals with mental  health needs. 
cy-gb	Dylai fod dull integredig o wella arweinyddiaeth a darpariaeth gwasanaethau iechyd meddwl yng nghymru, gan gynnwys cymorth i wasanaethau rheng flaen i'w galluogi i ymateb yn well i unigolion sydd ag anghenion iechyd meddwl. 

en-gb	Introduction
cy-gb	Cyflwyniad

en-gb	5.1  Civil law permeates all aspects of society. 
cy-gb	5.1  Mae cyfraith sifil yn treiddio i bob agwedd ar gymdeithas. 

en-gb	In this Chapter the term is used to describe the laws which regulate all aspects of everyday life other than the laws which relate to crime, family relations and administrative decision making. 
cy-gb	Yn y Bennod hon defnyddir y term i ddisgrifio'r cyfreithiau hynny sy'n rheoleiddio pob agwedd ar fywyd beunyddiol, heblaw am y cyfreithiau sy'n ymwneud â throsedd, cysylltiadau teuluol a phenderfyniadau gweinyddol. 

en-gb	For most people the most important aspects of civil law are the law of tort (which encompasses civil wrongs such as negligence), the law of contract and the law relating to property. 
cy-gb	I'r rhan fwyaf o bobl yr agweddau pwysicaf ar gyfraith sifil yw cyfraith camwedd (sy'n cwmpasu camweddau sifil megis esgeuluster), cyfraith contractau a'r gyfraith sy'n ymwneud ag eiddo. 

en-gb	5.2  We consider in Part 1 the ambit of civil law and the potential for differences in the law between Wales and England. 
cy-gb	5.2  Yn Rhan 1 ystyriwn gwmpas cyfraith sifil a'r gwahaniaethau posibl all fodoli yn y gyfraith rhwng Cymru a Lloegr. 

en-gb	In Part 2, we explain and analyse the present methods of dispute resolution before the courts and tribunals and other methods of dispute resolution. 
cy-gb	Yn Rhan 2, eglurwn a dadansoddwn y dulliau presennol o ddatrys anghydfod gerbron y llysoedd a'r tribiwnlysoedd, ynghyd â dulliau eraill o ddatrys anghydfod. 

en-gb	In Part 3, we set out our analysis of the present position and our recommendations for coordination and rationalisation.
cy-gb	Yn Rhan 3, amlinellwn ein dadansoddiad o'r sefyllfa bresennol a'n hargymhellion ar gyfer gwaith cydgysylltu a rhesymoli.

en-gb	Part 1: 
cy-gb	Rhan 1: 

en-gb	substantive civil law 
cy-gb	Cyfraith sifil sylwedd 

en-gb	5.3  The civil law which is applicable in Wales to disputes between private parties or in relation to private law rights consists of:
cy-gb	5.3  Mae'r gyfraith sifil sy'n gymwys yng Nghymru i anghydfodau  rhwng partïon preifat neu mewn perthynas â hawliau cyfraith breifat  yn cynnwys:

en-gb	5.3.1  common law and equitable principles which are common to both England and Wales which have been formulated over time by the decisions of the courts in England and Wales; and
cy-gb	5.3.1  egwyddorion cyfraith gwlad ac egwyddorion ecwitïol sy'n gyffredin i Gymru a Lloegr a luniwyd dros amser gan benderfyniadau'r llysoedd yng Nghymru a Lloegr; 

en-gb	5.3.2  primary legislation passed by the UK Parliament and secondary legislation made by UK Ministers; and
cy-gb	5.3.2  deddfwriaeth sylfaenol wedi'i phasio gan Senedd y DU ac  is-ddeddfwriaeth wedi'i gwneud gan Weinidogion y DU; 

en-gb	5.3.3  primary legislation passed by the Assembly and secondary legislation made by the Welsh Ministers . 
cy-gb	5.3.3  deddfwriaeth sylfaenol wedi'i phasio gan y Cynulliad ac isddeddfwriaeth wedi'i gwneud gan Weinidogion Cymru . 

en-gb	 Much European Union law is brought into force through primary and secondary legislation.
cy-gb	 Caiff cryn dipyn o gyfraith yr Undeb Ewropeaidd ei gweithredu drwy ddeddfwriaeth sylfaenol ac is-ddeddfwriaeth.

en-gb	5.4  The principles of the common law and equity which currently apply in Wales relate to many areas of substantive civil law. 
cy-gb	5.4  Mae egwyddorion cyfraith gwlad ac ecwiti sy'n gymwys yng Nghymru ar hyn o bryd yn ymwneud â llawer o feysydd cyfraith sifil sylwedd. 

en-gb	For example, much of the law relating to compensation for negligent conduct and much of the law relating to contracts is still derived from common law principles. 
cy-gb	Er enghraifft, mae cryn dipyn o'r gyfraith sy'n ymwneud â digolledu am esgeuluster a chryn dipyn o'r gyfraith sy'n ymwneud â chontractau yn dal i ddeillio o egwyddorion cyfraith gwlad. 

en-gb	Much of the law relating to claims for remedies other than compensation rests upon equitable principles which have evolved incrementally over time. 
cy-gb	Mae cryn dipyn o'r gyfraith sy'n ymwneud â hawlio rhwymedïau heblaw am iawndal yn seiliedig ar egwyddorion ecwitïol sydd wedi datblygu'n raddol dros amser. 

en-gb	There has been no suggestion in the evidence we have received that existing common law and equitable principles should cease to apply in Wales or that the evolution of common law and equitable principles should not continue in Wales as in England and other nations whose civil law is underpinned by such principles.
cy-gb	Ni fu unrhyw awgrym yn y dystiolaeth rydym wedi'i chael na ddylai egwyddorion cyfraith gwlad ac egwyddorion ecwitïol presennol fod yn gymwys i Gymru mwyach, nac ychwaith na ddylai egwyddorion cyfraith gwlad ac egwyddorion ecwitïol barhau i ddatblygu yng Nghymru, fel  yn Lloegr a gwledydd eraill lle mae'r cyfryw egwyddorion yn sail i'w cyfraith sifil.

en-gb	5.5  During the 20th Century, the UK Parliament passed a substantial volume of statutes which had a direct impact on civil law; some modified common law and equitable rules and others created new rights and obligations. 
cy-gb	5.5   Yn ystod yr ugeinfed ganrif, pasiodd Senedd y DU nifer sylweddol o statudau a gafodd effaith uniongyrchol ar gyfraith sifil; creodd rhai rheolau wedi'u haddasu ym maes cyfraith gwlad ac ecwiti, ac eraill, hawliau a rhwymedigaethau newydd. 

en-gb	After the Government of Wales Act 2006 and the referendum in March 2011, the Assembly has been empowered to legislate and pass Acts within its areas of competence which has resulted in legislation being enacted which affects the substantive civil law in Wales. 
cy-gb	Yn dilyn Deddf Llywodraeth Cymru 2006 a'r refferendwm ym mis Mawrth 2011, mae'r Cynulliad wedi'i rymuso i ddeddfu a phasio Deddfau yn ei feysydd cymhwysedd sydd wedi arwain at ddeddfu deddfwriaeth sy'n effeithio ar y gyfraith sifil sylwedd yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	At paragraph 2.38,  we have referred to the primary legislation passed by the Assembly and explained how the law applicable in Wales has begun to diverge from that applicable  in England.
cy-gb	Ym mharagraff 2.38 , rydym wedi cyfeirio at y ddeddfwriaeth sylfaenol a basiwyd gan y Cynulliad ac egluro sut mae'r gyfraith sy'n gymwys yng Nghymru wedi dechrau ymwahanu o'r hyn sy'n gymwys yn Lloegr.

en-gb	5.6  We have received a substantial amount of evidence about the divergence which has occurred, the potential for further divergence and the significance of that divergence. 
cy-gb	5.6  Rydym wedi derbyn swm sylweddol o dystiolaeth am yr ymwahanu sydd wedi digwydd, yr ymwahanu a allai ddigwydd ymhellach ac arwyddocâd yr ymwahanu hwnnw. 

en-gb	It has been suggested to us that there is “ divergent legislative momentum ”  which means differences will become more prevalent between the law that applies in Wales and the law that applies in England. 
cy-gb	Awgrymwyd i ni fod " y momentwm... gwahanol wrth ddeddfu 601  yn golygu y bydd gwahaniaethau'n cynyddu rhwng y gyfraith sy'n gymwys yng Nghymru a'r gyfraith sy'n gymwys yn Lloegr. 

en-gb	It has been emphasised that there is a marked divergence in planning, housing and social care law . 
cy-gb	Pwysleisiwyd bod gwahaniaeth amlwg mewn cyfraith cynllunio, tai a gofal cymdeithasol 602 . 

en-gb	In relation to family law, the court has emphasised the need for practitioners to appreciate the divergence between English and  Welsh law .
cy-gb	O ran cyfraith teulu, mae'r llys wedi pwysleisio'r angen i ymarferwyr werthfawrogi'r gwahaniaeth rhwng y gyfraith yng Nghymru a Lloegr 603 .

en-gb	5.7  During the course of oral evidence further examples of the diverging laws were provided and some of the practical difficulties which this causes were highlighted. 
cy-gb	5.7  Yn ystod y broses o gyflwyno tystiolaeth lafar darparwyd enghreifftiau pellach o'r cyfreithiau gwahanol a thynnwyd sylw at rai o'r anawsterau ymarferol y mae hyn yn eu hachosi. 

en-gb	In some cases, where a land holding straddles the border between Wales and England, both Land Transaction Tax and Stamp Duty can be payable in respect of the sale and purchase of that land, adding complication and cost to transactions. 
cy-gb	Mewn rhai achosion, lle bydd daliad tir wedi'i leoli ar y ffin rhwng Cymru a Lloegr, gall Treth Trafodiadau Tir a Threth Stamp fod yn daladwy mewn perthynas â gwerthu a phrynu'r tir hwnnw, gan gymhlethu trafodion ymhellach ac ychwanegu costau atynt. 

en-gb	Cross-border development proposals are problematic given the diverging planning regimes in England and Wales and different mechanisms for setting agricultural wages cross-border impacts on agricultural businesses that operate on a cross-border basis .
cy-gb	Mae cynigion datblygu ar draws y ffin yn peri problemau o ystyried y gwahanol gyfundrefnau cynllunio yng Nghymru a Lloegr ac mae gwahanol ddulliau o bennu cyflogau amaethyddol ar draws y ffin yn effeithio ar fusnesau amaethyddol sy'n gweithredu yng Nghymru  a Lloegr .

en-gb	 OE012 Brian Evans: 
cy-gb	 OE012 Brian Evans: 

en-gb	6, OE032 Angharad Woodland: 
cy-gb	6, OE032 Angharad Woodland: 

en-gb	1. 
cy-gb	1. 

en-gb	5.8  It is clear that some divergence between Welsh law and the law applicable in England has begun and it is likely that, over time, this divergence will grow. 
cy-gb	5.8  Mae'n amlwg bod rhai gwahaniaethau rhwng cyfraith Cymru a'r gyfraith sy'n gymwys yn Lloegr eisoes yn bodoli ac mae'n debygol, dros amser, y bydd mwy yn wahanol eto. 

en-gb	Currently, however, there is no substantial divergence between Welsh civil law and the civil law applicable in England.
cy-gb	Ar hyn o bryd, fodd bynnag, nid oes gwahaniaeth sylweddol rhwng cyfraith sifil Cymru a'r gyfraith sifil sy'n gymwys yn Lloegr.

en-gb	5.9  In the field of landlord and tenant law, as it relates to residential property, the Assembly passed the Renting Homes (Wales) Act 2016 which will, when brought into force, change the law in Wales to a marked degree from that applicable in England. 
cy-gb	5.9  Ym maes cyfraith landlordiaid a thenantiaid, fel mae'n ymwneud ag eiddo preswyl, pasiodd y Cynulliad Ddeddf Rhentu Cartrefi (Cymru) 2016 a fydd, pan y'i gweithredir, yn newid y gyfraith yng Nghymru mewn ffordd amlwg i'r hyn sy'n gymwys yn Lloegr. 

en-gb	The Welsh Government has told us that it was always going to take some time to commence the Act because of the volume of secondary legislation that would be needed. 
cy-gb	Mae Llywodraeth Cymru wedi dweud wrthym y byddai bob amser wedi cymryd peth amser i ddechrau'r Ddeddf oherwydd yr holl is-ddeddfwriaeth y byddai ei hangen. 

en-gb	Some of the secondary legislation is complex and required further public engagement and consultation. 
cy-gb	Mae rhywfaint o'r is-ddeddfwriaeth yn gymhleth ac roedd angen ymgysylltu ac ymgynghori â'r cyhoedd ymhellach. 

en-gb	In November 2018 the First Minister made clear in his leadership manifesto that he would legislate to provide greater security for tenants in the private rented sector. 
cy-gb	Ym mis Tachwedd 2018 nododd y Prif Weinidog yn glir yn ei faniffesto arweinyddiaeth y byddai'n deddfu i roi mwy o ddiogelwch i denantiaid yn y sector rhentu preifat. 

en-gb	On the 11 July 2019, the Minister for Housing and Local Government announced that the commitment to provider greater security required an amendment to the 2016 Act and an intention to bring forward amending legislation has been announced, subject to consultation. 
cy-gb	Ar 11 Gorffennaf 2019, cyhoeddodd y Gweinidog Tai a Llywodraeth Leol fod yr ymrwymiad i ddarparu mwy o sicrwydd yn gofyn am ddiwygio Deddf 2016 a bwriedir diwygio'r ddeddfwriaeth yn gynt na phryd, yn dilyn proses ymgynghori. 

en-gb	When the amending Act has been passed it is intended to bring the 2016 Act into force. 
cy-gb	Ar ôl i'r Ddeddf ddiwygiedig gael ei phasio bwriedir iddi ddod â Deddf 2016 i rym. 

en-gb	It is anticipated this would be before the end of the current Assembly term in May 2021 . 
cy-gb	Disgwylir i hyn ddigwydd cyn diwedd tymor presennol y Cynulliad ym mis Mai 2021 . 

en-gb	 There has also been protracted discussion with HMCTS about IT systems. 
cy-gb	 Bu trafodaeth hirfaith â Gwasanaeth Llysoedd a Thribiwnlysoedd EM ynghylch systemau TG. 

en-gb	There will also need to be consultation on model contracts which it is anticipated will be published during Autumn 2020. 
cy-gb	Bydd hefyd angen cynnal ymgynghoriad ar gontractau enghreifftiol y disgwylir ei gyhoeddi yn ystod hydref 2020. 

en-gb	There are similar emerging issues with the commencement and implementation of more recent legislation including the Childcare Funding (Wales) Act 2019. 
cy-gb	Mae materion tebyg wedi codi mewn perthynas â chychwyn a gweithredu deddfwriaeth fwy diweddar, gan gynnwys Deddf Cyllido Gofal Plant (Cymru) 2019. 

en-gb	5.10  Until the Renting Homes (Wales) Act is brought into force, there is no Act of the Assembly that would affect the substantive civil law. 
cy-gb	5.10  Hyd nes y daw Deddf Rhentu Cartrefi (Cymru) i rym, ni fyddai unrhyw un o Ddeddfau'r Cynulliad yn effeithio ar gyfraith sifil sylwedd. 

en-gb	Accordingly, it is likely to be some time before any marked divergence occurs between the civil law of Wales and that which is applicable  in England. 
cy-gb	Yn unol â hynny, nid yw'n debygol y gwelir unrhyw wahaniaeth amlwg dybryd rhwng cyfraith sifil Cymru a'r hyn sy'n gymwys yn Lloegr.  

en-gb	Part 2: 
cy-gb	Rhan 2: 

en-gb	Dispute resolution 
cy-gb	Datrys anghydfodau 

en-gb	1. options for dispute resolution
cy-gb	1. opsiynau i ddatrys anghydfodau

en-gb	5.11  Most civil law disputes which arise between private parties in Wales are settled by the parties without recourse to formal dispute resolution of any kind. 
cy-gb	5.11  Caiff y rhan fwyaf o anghydfodau cyfraith sifil rhwng partïon preifat yng Nghymru eu datrys gan y partïon heb fod angen dilyn proses datrys anghydfodau ffurfiol o unrhyw fath. 

en-gb	If, however, a dispute cannot be settled, the course parties need to follow may not always be straightforward. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, os na ellir datrys anghydfod, efallai na fydd y camau y mae angen i bartïon eu dilyn yn syml bob amser. 

en-gb	The court system of England and Wales is empowered to determine most of the civil disputes which may arise. 
cy-gb	Mae system llysoedd Cymru a Lloegr wedi'i grymuso i ddyfarnu ar y rhan fwyaf o anghydfodau sifil a all godi. 

en-gb	However, some civil disputes must be determined in specialist tribunals. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, rhaid i rai anghydfodau sifil gael eu dyfarnu mewn tribiwnlysoedd arbenigol. 

en-gb	If the parties wish to avoid litigation through the courts or recourse to a specialist tribunal, they may seek to pursue alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in the form of arbitration or mediation. 
cy-gb	Os bydd y partïon am osgoi proses ymgyfreitha drwy'r llysoedd neu dribiwnlys arbenigol, efallai y byddant yn ceisio cymryd camau amgen i ddatrys yr anghydfod ar ffurf cyflafareddu neu gyfryngu. 

en-gb	If the parties are legally represented no doubt they will be advised on the appropriate course of action to take. 
cy-gb	Os oes gan y partïon gynrychiolaeth gyfreithiol fe'u cynghorir ynghylch y camau priodol i'w cymryd mae'n siŵr. 

en-gb	Many insurance policies for motorists and homeowners provide insurance cover for legal representation. 
cy-gb	Mae llawer o bolisïau yswiriant modurwyr a pherchenogion cartrefi yn darparu yswiriant ar gyfer cynrychiolaeth gyfreithiol. 

en-gb	Trade union membership often provides members with legal cover. 
cy-gb	Mae aelodau undebau llafur yn aml yn cael cynnig yswiriant cyfreithiol. 

en-gb	However, people who are uninsured and who are not members of trade unions may not be able to afford the costs of legal advice. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, efallai na fydd pobl sydd heb yswiriant ac nad ydynt yn aelodau o undebau llafur yn gallu fforddio costau cyngor cyfreithiol. 

en-gb	As we have explained at paragraphs 3.13  to 3.15,  the scope of legal aid available for civil disputes is very narrow and the availability of contingent fee arrangements 606  is generally limited to specific classes of dispute. 
cy-gb	Fel rydym wedi'i egluro ym mharagraffau 3.11 a 3.13, mae cwmpas y cymorth cyfreithiol sydd ar gael ar gyfer anghydfodau sifil yn gul iawn ac, fel rheol, cyfyngir ar drefniadau ffi amodol  i ddosbarthiadau penodol o anghydfod. 

en-gb	Therefore for most people without legal advice and for litigants in person, it is difficult to determine which of the options available may be most appropriate in any given case. 
cy-gb	Felly, i'r rhan fwyaf o bobl sydd heb gyngor cyfreithiol ac i ymgyfreithwyr drostynt eu hunain, mae'n anodd pennu pa opsiwn a all fod fwyaf priodol mewn achos penodol. 

en-gb	As we have said in paragraph 3.1,  there is no effective access to justice without legal advice and the Rule of Law is imperilled. 
cy-gb	Fel y nodwyd ym mharagraff 3.1 , nid oes mynediad effeithiol i gyfiawnder heb gyngor cyfreithiol a pheryglir Rheolaeth y Gyfraith. 

en-gb	It is important that information on these options is available for those that need to utilise them.
cy-gb	Mae'n bwysig bod gwybodaeth am yr opsiynau hyn ar gael i'r rhai sydd angen eu defnyddio.

en-gb	Contingent Fee Arrangements under which lawyers take a significant proportion of damages when client is successful but bear the cost if the client is unsuccessful. 
cy-gb	 Trefniadau Ffi Amodol lle y bydd cyfreithwyr yn cael cyfran sylweddol o'r iawndal pan fydd y cleient yn llwyddiannus ond yn gyfrifol am y gost os bydd yn aflwyddiannus. 

en-gb	2. 
cy-gb	2. 

en-gb	Dispute resolution before the courts 
cy-gb	Datrys anghydfodau gerbron y llysoedd    

en-gb	5.12 Most civil law cases are determined in the County Court and the most complicated or high value cases are usually heard in the High Court. 
cy-gb	5.12  Penderfynir ar y rhan fwyaf o achosion cyfraith sifil yn y Llys Sirol ac fel arfer bydd yr achosion mwyaf cymhleth neu werth uchel yn cael eu gwrando yn yr Uchel Lys. 

en-gb	The Civil Procedure Rules are used to determine which is the appropriate forum. 
cy-gb	Defnyddir y Rheolau Trefniadaeth Sifil i benderfynu pa fforwm sy'n briodol. 

en-gb	Civil money claims account for more than 80% of the 1.6 million claims issued in the County Court and High Court in England and Wales each year 607 . 
cy-gb	Mae hawliadau arian sifil yn cyfrif am fwy nag 80% o'r 1.6 miliwn o hawliadau a gyflwynir yn y Llys Sirol a'r Uchel Lys yng Nghymru a Lloegr bob blwyddyn . 

en-gb	607  Lord Chancellor, Lord Chief Justice and the Senior President of Tribunals, Transforming Our Justice System, September 2016.
cy-gb	 Arglwydd Ganghellor, Arglwydd Brif Ustus ac Uwch-Lywydd y Tribiwnlysoedd, Transforming Our Justice System, Medi 2016.

en-gb	5.13  In the County Court, a significant proportion of money claims are small claims in general, those with a value limit of up to £10,000 and which are not complex in nature. 
cy-gb	5.13  Yn y Llys Sirol, mae cyfran sylweddol o hawliadau arian yn hawliadau bychain ar y cyfan, hynny yw, y rheini sy'n werth hyd at £10,000 ac nad ydynt yn gymhleth eu natur. 

en-gb	Typically, they may involve claims relating to matters such as the provision of goods and services. 
cy-gb	Fel rheol, gallant ymwneud â hawliadau sy'n gysylltiedig â materion fel darparu nwyddau a gwasanaethau. 

en-gb	They are dealt with by District Judges or Deputy District Judges. 
cy-gb	Barnwyr Rhanbarth neu Ddirprwy Farnwyr Rhanbarth sy'n ymdrin â nhw. 

en-gb	5.14  Civil cases which proceed to a trial in the County Court are heard at court centres situated at specific locations in Wales as described at paragraph 8.7.
cy-gb	5.14  Gwrandewir achosion sifil sy'n cyrraedd treial yn y Llys Sirol mewn canolfannau llysoedd a leolir mewn lleoliadau penodol yng Nghymru fel y disgrifir ym mharagraff 8.7 . 

en-gb	As with small claims, the majority of cases are dealt with by District Judges or Deputy District Judges. 
cy-gb	Fel gyda hawliadau bychain, Barnwyr Rhanbarth neu Ddirprwy Farnwyr Rhanbarth sy'n ymdrin â'r mwyafrif o achosion. 

en-gb	More significant cases may be heard by Recorders. 
cy-gb	Gall Cofiaduron wrando achosion mwy arwyddocaol. 

en-gb	The more difficult cases in the County Court are heard by Circuit Judges. 
cy-gb	Barnwyr Cylchdaith sy'n gwrando'r achosion mwy anodd yn y Llys Sirol. 

en-gb	The most difficult County Court cases (such as those involving compensation for clinical negligence, injuries at the workplace and other compensation claims arising from the law of tort) are usually heard by the Designated Civil Judge for Wales.
cy-gb	Fel rheol Barnwr Sifil Dynodedig Cymru sy'n gwrando'r achosion Llys Sirol mwyaf anodd (megis y rheini sy'n ymwneud â digolledu am esgeuluster clinigol, anafiadau yn y gweithle a hawliadau eraill am ddigolledu yn deillio o gyfraith camwedd).

en-gb	5.15  The most complicated High Court cases are heard by Judges of the High Court of England and Wales, or sometimes by Deputy High  Court Judges.
cy-gb	5.15  Barnwyr Uchel Lys Cymru a Lloegr sy'n gwrando'r achosion mwyaf cymhleth yn yr Uchel Lys, neu weithiau bydd Dirprwy Farnwyr yr Uchel Lys yn gwneud hynny.

en-gb	5.16  Most of the cases arising out of commercial disputes, property disputes, insolvency and other business-related disputes, unless of particular difficulty, are heard in the Business and Property Court by Specialist Senior Circuit Judges who have particular expertise in those areas of law and who have been appointed specifically to determine these types of cases. 
cy-gb	5.16  Gwrandewir y rhan fwyaf o achosion sy'n deillio o anghydfodau masnachol, anghydfodau ynghylch eiddo, methdaliad ac anghydfodau eraill sy'n gysylltiedig â byd busnes, oni fyddant yn arbennig o anodd, yn y Llys Busnes ac Eiddo, a hynny gan Uwch-Farnwyr Cylchdaith Arbenigol sy'n arbenigo'n benodol yn y meysydd hynny o'r gyfraith ac sydd wedi'u penodi'n benodol i ddyfarnu ar y mathau hyn o achosion. 

en-gb	However, if a particular case requires a specialist in a particular field of law or raises particular points of difficulty, a High Court Judge with the required expertise is deployed to hear the case in Wales. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, os bydd achos penodol yn gofyn am arbenigwr mewn maes penodol o'r gyfraith neu'n esgor ar anawsterau penodol, anfonir un o Farnwyr yr Uchel Lys sydd â'r arbenigedd gofynnol i wrando'r achos yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	These cases are generally heard in Cardiff, though the judges will travel to other parts of Wales when it is more convenient for the hearing of a case.
cy-gb	Fel rheol gwrandewir yr achosion hyn yng Nghaerdydd, er y bydd y barnwyr yn teithio i rannau eraill o Gymru pan fo'n fwy cyfleus i wrando achos.

en-gb	5.17  It is usually very expensive to pursue a case through the courts, unless it can be brought as a small claim. 
cy-gb	5.17  Mae fel arfer yn ddrud iawn i gynnal achos llys, oni all fod yn hawliad bychan. 

en-gb	The evidence indicates that many claimants, including small businesses, are deterred by the high level of court fees and the cost of pursuing litigation in the courts . 
cy-gb	Dengys y dystiolaeth fod llawer o hawlwyr, gan gynnwys busnesau bach, yn amharod i dalu ffioedd uchel y llysoedd a chost ymgyfreitha yn y llysoedd . 

en-gb	The question of costs has been the subject of review, as the general rule for cases brought before a court (other than as small claims) is that the losing party pays the costs of the winning party as well as the costs the losing party has itself incurred, together with the court fees. 
cy-gb	Mae'r mater o gostau wedi cael ei adolygu oherwydd, fel rheol, mewn achosion llys (heblaw am hawliadau bychain) y sawl sy'n colli fydd yn talu costau'r sawl sy'n ennill, yn ogystal â'r costau yr aed iddynt gan y sawl sy'n colli ei hun, ynghyd â ffioedd y llys. 

en-gb	 WS194 Jonathan Haydn-Williams: 
cy-gb	 WS194 Jonathan Haydn-Williams: 

en-gb	2. 
cy-gb	2. 

en-gb	WS019 Legal Services Board: 
cy-gb	WS019 Y Bwrdd Gwasanaethau Cyfreithiol: 

en-gb	1.
cy-gb	1.

en-gb	Lord Woolf’s reforms that resulted in the current Civil Procedure Rules, which came into force in April 1999, sought to make litigation less costly, but have largely been unsuccessful in reducing the cost of litigation, as costs have progressively increased. 
cy-gb	Ceisiodd diwygiadau'r Arglwydd Woolf a arweiniodd at y Rheolau Trefniadaeth Sifil presennol, a ddaeth i rym ym mis Ebrill 1999, wneud y broses ymgyfreitha yn llai costus, ond ar y cyfan nid ydynt wedi llwyddo i leihau cost ymgyfreitha, gan fod costau wedi cynyddu'n raddol.  

en-gb	Lord Justice Jackson led in 2009 an independent review of the costs of civil litigation commissioned by the judiciary  with a view to promoting access to justice at a proportionate cost; so far these reforms have made little difference. 
cy-gb	Yn 2009, arweiniodd yr Arglwydd Ustus Jackson adolygiad annibynnol o gostau ymgyfreitha sifil wedi'i gomisiynu gan y farnwriaeth  gyda'r nod o hyrwyddo mynediad i gyfiawnder am gost gymesur; hyd yn hyn prin y mae'r diwygiadau hyn wedi gwneud gwahaniaeth. 

en-gb	The present position is that for cases where the sum in dispute is more than £10,000, lawyers will generally advise their clients of the real risks they may face on costs if they pursue court proceedings in cases where the prospects of success are not very strong. 
cy-gb	Ar hyn o bryd, mewn achosion lle mae'r swm y mae anghydfod yn ei gylch yn fwy na £10,000, bydd cyfreithwyr fel arfer yn hysbysu eu cleientiaid o'r risgiau gwirioneddol y gallant eu hwynebu mewn perthynas â chostau mewn achosion lle nad yw'r siawns o lwyddo yn gryf iawn. 

en-gb	 As distinct from the Ministry of Justice. 
cy-gb	 Yn wahanol i'r Weinyddiaeth Gyfiawnder. 

en-gb	5.18  Court fees have been progressively increased over many years, particularly since the 1990s and, as we have explained at paragraph 2.100  make up a significant part of HMCTS’ budget. 
cy-gb	5.18  Mae ffioedd llysoedd wedi cynyddu'n raddol dros sawl blwyddyn, yn enwedig ers yr 1990au ac, fel rydym wedi'i egluro ym mharagraff 2.100 , maent yn cyfrif am ran sylweddol o gyllideb Gwasanaeth Llysoedd a Thribiwnlysoedd EM. 

en-gb	They have always been the source of controversy, as the State has progressively withdrawn the amount of funding it is prepared to provide for civil justice. 
cy-gb	Maent bob amser wedi bod yn destun dadlau, gan fod y Wladwriaeth wedi lleihau'r cyllid mae'n barod i'w ddarparu ar gyfer cyfiawnder sifil yn raddol. 

en-gb	The most recent controversy related to the planned significant increase in fees on probate, which is yet to come into force. 
cy-gb	Cafwyd y testun dadlau mwyaf diweddar mewn perthynas â'r cynnydd sylweddol arfaethedig i ffioedd profiant, nad yw wedi dod i rym eto. 

en-gb	The current level of general court fees has rightly been the subject of substantial criticism, as they impede access to justice. 
cy-gb	Mae ffioedd cyffredinol presennol y llysoedd wedi cael eu beirniadu'n hallt, a hynny'n haeddiannol, am eu bod yn amharu ar fynediad i gyfiawnder. 

en-gb	Court fees, to issue a claim, are based on the amount claimed, including interest . 
cy-gb	Mae'r ffioedd a godir gan y llys i wneud hawliad yn seiliedig ar y swm dan sylw, yn cynnwys llog 610 . 

en-gb	Fees are capped for claims valued at up to £10,000 and thereafter the fee is calculated at 5% of the value of the claim up to £200,000, with a maximum court fee of £10,000. 
cy-gb	Pennir terfyn ar ffioedd am hawliadau hyd at £10,000 ac uwchlaw hynny cyfrifir y ffi ar sail 5% o werth yr hawliad hyd at £200,000, gydag uchafswm ffi o £10,000.  

en-gb	Fees are discounted if claims are filed online via Secure Data Transfer money claim online. 
cy-gb	Caiff ffioedd eu gostwng os caiff hawliadau eu gwneud ar-lein drwy systemau Secure Data Transfer neu Money.  

en-gb	Fees have to be paid in full on issue and this can discourage claimants from issuing claims.
cy-gb	Rhaid talu ffioedd yn llawn pan wneir hawliad, a all atal hawlwyr rhag  gwneud hynny.

en-gb	5.19  In his reviews of the civil court structure, again established by the judiciary and published in July 2016, Lord Justice Briggs concluded that the combination of the excessive costs of civil litigation, the costs risks of cases of moderate value and the “ lawyerish culture and procedure of the civil courts, which make litigation without lawyers impractical ” were factors adversely impacting on adequate access to justice for individuals and small businesses . 
cy-gb	5.19  Yn ei adolygiadau o strwythur y llysoedd sifil, a sefydlwyd gan y farnwriaeth unwaith eto ac a gyhoeddwyd ym mis Gorffennaf 2016, daeth yr Arglwydd Ustus Briggs i'r casgliad fod y cyfuniad o gostau eithafol ymgyfreitha sifil, risgiau o ran costau achosion o werth cymedrol a “lawyerish culture and procedure of the civil courts, which make litigation without lawyers impractical”  yn ffactorau a oedd yn cael effaith andwyol ar fynediad digidol i gyfiawnder i unigolion a busnesau bach .  

en-gb	His view is plainly supported by the evidence we have received. 
cy-gb	Caiff ei gasgliadau eu hategu gan y dystiolaeth a dderbyniwyd gennym.

en-gb	 Lord Justice Briggs (2016) Civil Courts Structure Review: 
cy-gb	 Arglwydd Ustus Briggs (2016) Civil Courts Structure Review: 

en-gb	Final Report. 
cy-gb	Final Report. 

en-gb	Para 12.4.
cy-gb	Para 12.4.

en-gb	3. online courts and tribunals
cy-gb	3. Llysoedd a thribiwnlysoedd ar-lein

en-gb	5.20 The HMCTS reform programme, which involves close working between the judiciary and HMCTS, aims to automate and digitise the entire process for civil money claims by 2020. 
cy-gb	5.20 Mae rhaglen ddiwygio Gwasanaeth Llysoedd a Thribiwnlysoedd EM, lle gwelir cydweithio agos rhwng y farnwriaeth a Gwasanaeth Llysoedd a Thribiwnlysoedd EM, yn anelu at awtomeiddio a digideiddio'r broses gyfan ar gyfer hawliadau arian sifil erbyn 2020. 

en-gb	As we have mentioned , an online service for claims up to £10,000 has been operational for some time. 
cy-gb	Fel rydym wedi'i nodi , mae gwasanaeth ar-lein ar gyfer hawliadau hyd at £10,000 wedi bod ar waith ers peth amser. 

en-gb	The Court and Tribunals (Online Procedure) Bill was introduced into Parliament in May 2019 with the objective of supporting the court reform programme and ensuring digital services are accessible and meet users’ needs .  
cy-gb	Cafodd y Bil Llysoedd a Thribiwnlysoedd (Gweithdrefn Ar-lein) ei gyflwyno i'r Senedd ym mis Mai 2019 gyda'r nod o gefnogi'r rhaglen i ddiwygio'r llysoedd a sicrhau bod gwasanaethau digidol yn hygyrch ac yn diwallu anghenion defnyddwyr . 

en-gb	Para 5.18.
cy-gb	Para 5.18.

en-gb	Court and Tribunals (Online Procedure) Bill. The Bill received its second reading in the House of Commons on 16.7.19 and commenced committee stage on 23.7.19.
cy-gb	Bil Llysoedd a Thribiwnlysoedd (Gweithdrefn Ar-lein). Cafodd y Bil ei ail ddarlleniad yn Nh'ˆy r Cyffredin ar 16.7.19 a dechreuodd y cam pwyllgor ar 23.7.19.

en-gb	5.21  An online court service has the potential to enable litigants to access justice before a judge in a cost effective and efficient way that the present court system does not provide, particularly where the value of claims and the associated legal costs of pursuing them make litigation before the courts impractical . 
cy-gb	5.21  Gallai gwasanaeth llys ar-lein alluogi ymgyfreithwyr i gael mynediad i gyfiawnder gerbron barnwr mewn ffordd gosteffeithiol ac effeithlon, nas darperir gan y system llys bresennol, yn enwedig pan fo gwerth hawliadau a'r costau cyfreithiol sy'n gysylltiedig â gwneud hawliad yn golygu bod ymgyfreitha gerbron y llysoedd yn anymarferol . 

en-gb	However, it is too early to say whether the plan to provide an online court and procedure will be successful and what the fee for use of it will be. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, mae'n rhy gynnar i ddweud p'un a fydd y cynllun i ddarparu llys a gweithdrefn ar-lein yn llwyddiannus, nac ychwaith beth fydd y ffi am ddefnyddio system o'r fath. 

en-gb	There is also scope for other dispute resolution processes to be similarly available online or delivered remotely 615 . 
cy-gb	Hefyd, mae lle i brosesau datrys anghydfod eraill fod ar gael ar-lein yn yr un modd, neu gael eu darparu o bell 615 .  

en-gb	If such a process is to be effective in delivering access to justice, it will be essential not only to provide advice to the ordinary citizen as to how to bring a claim using online procedures, but more particularly to make proper provision  for those who are unable easily, or at all, to access online procedures  using computers. 
cy-gb	Er mwyn i'r cyfryw broses lwyddo i sicrhau mynediad i gyfiawnder, rhaid nid yn unig cynghori'r dinesydd cyffredin ynghylch y ffordd o wneud hawliad ar-lein, ond yn fwy penodol wneud darpariaeth briodol i'r rheini na allant yn hawdd, os o gwbl, fanteisio ar systemau ar-lein gan ddefnyddio cyfrifiaduron. 

en-gb	Para 5.17 - 5.19. 
cy-gb	Para 5.17 - 5.19. 

en-gb	615  Para 5.42.
cy-gb	615  Para 5.42.

en-gb	5.22 It would be a denial of access to justice if people who were digitally disenfranchised for reasons including their skills, the inaccessibility of IT equipment to them and the inadequacy of broadband infrastructure (particularly in areas of rural Wales) were not provided with free advice and assistance. 
cy-gb	5.22 Byddai mynediad i gyfiawnder yn cael ei wadu os na fyddai'n bosibl i bobl sydd wedi'u hallgáu'n ddigidol am resymau yn cynnwys eu sgiliau, diffyg cyfarpar TG neu wasanaeth band eang gwael (yn enwedig yng nghefn gwlad) gael cyngor a chynhorthwy am ddim. 

en-gb	We also would expect online services to be universally available bilingually as set out at paragraphs 11.25  and following. 
cy-gb	Byddem hefyd yn disgwyl i wasanaethau ar-lein fod ar gael yn ddwyieithog drwyddi draw fel y nodir ym mharagraffau 11.25  ac wedi hynny. 

en-gb	Until this is done, free bilingual advice must be provided by the courts so that those wishing to use the Welsh language to settle their disputes are not prejudiced.
cy-gb	Nes y gwneir hyn, rhaid i gyngor dwyieithog am ddim gael ei ddarparu gan y llysoedd fel na wahaniaethir yn erbyn siaradwyr Cymraeg.

en-gb	We recommend: 
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	Digital court services and other dispute resolution services that are being developed and introduced must be fully accessible to people throughout Wales and free assistance must be available to help individuals use them. 
cy-gb	Mae'n rhaid i wasanaethau llys digidol a gwasanaethau datrys anghydfodau eraill sy'n cael eu datblygu a'u cyflwyno fod yn gwbl hygyrch i bobl ledled Cymru ac mae'n rhaid i gynhorthwy am ddim fod ar gael i helpu unigolion  i'w defnyddio. 

en-gb	4. 
cy-gb	4. 

en-gb	Dispute resolution before the employment tribunal and the Welsh private law tribunals 
cy-gb	Datrys anghydfodau gerbron y tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth a thribiwnlysoedd cyfraith breifat Cymru

en-gb	5.23 As we have explained, some forms of civil dispute between private parties must go to tribunals. 
cy-gb	5.23 Fel rydym wedi'i egluro, rhaid i rai mathau o anghydfodau sifil rhwng partïon preifat fynd i dribiwnlysoedd.  

en-gb	employment tribunal
cy-gb	a)  tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth

en-gb	Most disputes between employers and employees are determined by the Employment Tribunal. 
cy-gb	5.24 Caiff y rhan fwyaf o anghydfodau rhwng cyflogwyr a chyflogeion eu dyfarnu gan y Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth. 

en-gb	This tribunal operates throughout England and Wales and Scotland. 
cy-gb	Mae'r tribiwnlys hwn yn gweithredu ledled Cymru a Lloegr, a'r Alban. 

en-gb	In the Employment Tribunal, the majority of disputes are claims for unfair dismissal and breach of statutory rights, such as equality rights or protection from discrimination. 
cy-gb	Yn y Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth, mae mwyafrif yr anghydfodau yn hawliadau diswyddo annheg a thorri hawliau statudol, megis hawliau cydraddoldeb neu ddiogelu rhag gwahaniaethu. 

en-gb	The Employment Tribunal is divided into 10 regions in England and Wales, of which Wales is one under the leadership of the Regional Employment Judge for Wales. 
cy-gb	Rhennir y Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth yn 10 rhanbarth yng Nghymru a Lloegr, ac arweinir Cymru gan Farnwr Cyflogaeth Rhanbarthol Cymru. 

en-gb	The Employment Tribunal’s judicial team in Wales consists of 19 salaried and fee paid employment judges and over 40 non-legal members.
cy-gb	Mae tîm barnwrol y Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth yng Nghymru yn cynnwys 19 o farnwyr cyflogaeth â chyflog ac y telir ffi iddynt, a thros 40 o aelodau anghyfreithiol.

en-gb	Fees for making an application to the Employment Tribunal are no longer charged; costs are not generally payable by the unsuccessful party.
cy-gb	5.25 Ni chodir ffioedd am wneud cais i'r Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth mwyach; fel rheol ni thelir costau gan y parti aflwyddiannus.

en-gb	Although employment law is not devolved, the Assembly and the Welsh Ministers have passed legislation which has an impact on employees in Wales and to a degree has afforded them additional rights. 
cy-gb	5.26 Er nad yw cyfraith cyflogaeth wedi'i datganoli, mae'r Cynulliad a Gweinidogion Cymru wedi pasio deddfwriaeth sy'n cael effaith ar gyflogeion yng Nghymru ac, i raddau, mae wedi rhoi hawliau ychwanegol iddynt. 

en-gb	This legislation includes:
cy-gb	Mae'r ddeddfwriaeth hon yn cynnwys:

en-gb	the Agricultural Wages (Wales) Order 2016, which retains a minimum wage which no longer exists in England;
cy-gb	5.26.1  Gorchymyn Cyflogau Amaethyddol (Cymru) 2016 sy'n sicrhau  y parheir i gynnig isafswm cyflog nad yw'n bodoli mwyach  yn Lloegr;

en-gb	the Trade Union (Wales) Act 2017, which means that those working in ‘important public services’ in Wales do not have to achieve the 40% of eligible voters in favour of striking that is required in England;
cy-gb	5.26.2 Deddf yr Undebau Llafur (Cymru) 2017 sy'n golygu nad oes rhaid i'r rheini sy'n gweithio mewn 'gwasanaethau cyhoeddus pwysig' yng Nghymru gyflawni'r 40% o bleidleiswyr cymwys sydd o blaid streicio fel sy'n ofynnol yn Lloegr;

en-gb	the Regulated Services (Service Providers and Responsible Individuals) (Wales) Regulations 2017, which enhance the rights of those who work in domiciliary care; and 
cy-gb	5.26.3  Rheoliadau Gwasanaethau Rheoleiddiedig (Darparwyr Gwasanaethau ac Unigolion Cyfrifol) (Cymru) 2017, sy'n gwella hawliau'r rheini sy'n gweithio ym maes gofal cartref; 

en-gb	the Equality Act 2010 (Statutory Duties) (Wales) Regulations 
cy-gb	5.26.4  Rheoliadau Deddf Cydraddoldeb 2010 (Dyletswyddau  

en-gb	2011 together with section 77 of the Government of Wales Act 2006 provide for different equality duties in Wales which may have a bearing on employment cases .
cy-gb	Statudol) (Cymru) 2011 ynghyd ag adran 77 o Ddeddf Llywodraeth Cymru 2006 sy'n darparu ar gyfer gwahanol ddyletswyddau cydraddoldeb yng Nghymru a all effeithio ar achosion cyflogaeth.

en-gb	 For example, the Regulations require Welsh public bodies to publish an objective and an action plan in relation to addressing any gender  equality pay gap. 
cy-gb	 Er enghraifft, mae'r Rheoliadau yn ei gwneud yn ofynnol i gyrff cyhoeddus yng Nghymru gyhoeddi amcan a chynllun gweithredu mewn perthnas â mynd i'r afael ag unrhyw fwlch cyflog rhwng y rhywiau. 

en-gb	There is no similar requirement placed on English and non-devolved public bodies. 
cy-gb	Nid oes gofyniad tebyg ar gyrff cyhoeddus yn Lloegr na'r rhai sydd heb  eu datganoli.

en-gb	The Assembly and the Welsh Government decided that such disputes should be heard in the Employment Tribunal and not by the establishment of a separate Welsh tribunal, no doubt because the numbers of such cases were anticipated to be small. 
cy-gb	5.27 Penderfynodd y Cynulliad a Llywodraeth Cymru y dylai'r cyfryw anghydfodau gael eu gwrando yn y Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth ac nid drwy sefydlu Tribiwnlys ar wahân i Gymru, mae'n siŵr am fod nifer yr achosion hyn yn debygol o fod yn fach. 

en-gb	The Employment Tribunal therefore applies Welsh legislation in addition to UK legislation when considering employment disputes in Wales . 
cy-gb	Felly, mae'r Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth yn cymhwyso deddfwriaeth Cymru yn ogystal â deddfwriaeth y DU wrth ystyried anghydfodau cyflogaeth yng Nghymru . 

en-gb	It also applies the legal regimes applicable to other matters in Wales such as the separate Welsh regime for the Protection of Vulnerable Adults, the differing organisational structure of the NHS in Wales, different rules on public sector exit payments and the relationship between schools and governing bodies .
cy-gb	Mae hefyd yn cymhwyso'r cyfundrefnau cyfreithiol sy'n gymwys i faterion eraill yng Nghymru, megis y gyfundrefn ar wahân yng Nghymru ar gyfer Amddiffyn Oedolion Agored i Niwed, strwythur sefydliadol gwahanol y GIG yng Nghymru, rheolau gwahanol ar gyfer taliadau ymadael yn y sector cyhoeddus a'r berthynas rhwng ysgolion a chyrff llywodraethu .

en-gb	6.
cy-gb	6.

en-gb	The Regional Employment Judge for Wales informed us that legislation that impacts upon the work of the Employment Tribunal had been passed without there being appropriate communication between the Welsh Government and the Employment Tribunal about changes in law in Wales and the role of the Employment Tribunal in enforcing that new law. 
cy-gb	5.28 Fe'n hysbyswyd gan Farnwr Cyflogaeth Rhanbarthol Cymru fod deddfwriaeth sy'n effeithio ar waith y Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth wedi'i phasio heb fod cyfathrebu priodol rhwng Llywodraeth Cymru a'r Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth ynghylch newidiadau i'r gyfraith yng Nghymru a rôl y Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth wrth orfodi'r gyfraith newydd honno. 

en-gb	He cited as an example the Regulated Services (Service Providers and Responsible Individuals) (Wales) Regulations 2017 which confer rights on domiciliary care workers to request contracts of employment in certain instances; it appears this occurred because of the lack of a proper system 619 . 
cy-gb	Rhoddodd Reoliadau Gwasanaethau Rheoleiddiedig (Darparwyr Gwasanaethau ac Unigolion Cyfrifol) (Cymru) 2017 yn enghraifft, sy'n rhoi'r hawl i weithwyr gofal cartref ofyn am gontractau cyflogaeth mewn rhai achosion; ymddengys i hyn ddigwydd am nad oedd system briodol ar waith . 

en-gb	We discuss engagement between the Welsh Government and the judiciary in respect of new Welsh legislation at paragraph 12.140.2.  
cy-gb	Trafodwn yr ymgysylltu rhwng Llywodraeth Cymru a'r farnwriaeth o ran deddfwriaeth newydd i Gymru ym mharagraff 12.140.2 .

en-gb	In addition to civil law disputes that are heard by the Employment Tribunal, other civil law disputes in Wales are also determined by specialist tribunals. 
cy-gb	5.29 Yn ogystal ag anghydfodau cyfraith sifil a wrandewir gan y Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth, caiff anghydfodau cyfraith sifil eraill yng Nghymru eu dyfarnu gan dribiwnlysoedd arbenigol hefyd. 

en-gb	Disputes relating to agricultural land and some disputes relating to residential property are determined by the Agricultural Land Tribunal for Wales and the Residential Property Tribunal for Wales. 
cy-gb	Dyfernir ar anghydfodau'n ymwneud â thir amaethyddol a rhai anghydfodau'n ymwneud ag eiddo preswyl gan Dribiwnlys Tir Amaethyddol Cymru a Thribiwnlys Eiddo Preswyl Cymru. 

en-gb	All who sit on these tribunals are fee paid and specialists in the area of law with which each tribunal is concerned. 
cy-gb	Caiff pawb sy'n eistedd ar y tribiwnlysoedd hyn ffi ac maent yn arbenigo yn y maes cyfreithiol y mae pob tribiwnlys yn ymwneud ag ef. 

en-gb	Currently, the volume of work in these tribunals does not require the appointment of full-time judges. 
cy-gb	Ar hyn o bryd, nid yw lefel y gwaith sydd gan y tribiwnlysoedd hyn yn gofyn am benodi barnwyr llawn amser.  

en-gb	The Agricultural Land Tribunal for Wales is an independent tribunal  for disputes relating to agricultural tenancy agreements and drainage disputes. 
cy-gb	5.30 Tribiwnlys annibynnol  ar gyfer anghydfodau'n ymwneud â chytundebau tenantiaeth amaethyddol ac anghydfodau ynghylch systemau draenio yw Tribiwnlys Tir Amaethyddol Cymru. 

en-gb	There have been discussions as to whether the jurisdiction of the Tribunal should be extended to other types of agricultural law disputes. 
cy-gb	Bu trafodaethau ynghylch p'un a ddylai awdurdodaeth y Tribiwnlys ymestyn i fathau eraill o anghydfodau cyfraith amaethyddol. 

en-gb	There are no fees for making an application to the  Agricultural Land Tribunal for Wales. 
cy-gb	Ni chodir unrhyw ffioedd am wneud cais i Dribiwnlys Tir Amaethyddol Cymru. 

en-gb	An order for costs is not usually made against an unsuccessful party, although such an order can be made in limited circumstances. 
cy-gb	Fel rheol ni wneir gorchymyn am gostau yn erbyn parti aflwyddiannus, er y gall gorchymyn o'r fath gael ei wneud mewn rhai amgylchiadau. 

en-gb	Agriculture Act 1947  s73 with a jurisdiction which also covers the Agricultural Holdings Act 1986  and the Land Drainage Act 1991  s28  and 30.
cy-gb	Deddf Amaethyddiaeth 1947 a73 sydd ag awdurdodaeth sy'n cwmpasu Deddf Daliadau Amaethyddol 1986  a Deddf Draenio Tir 1991  a28 a 30.

en-gb	The Residential Property Tribunal for Wales is an independent tribunal  to resolve disputes relating to private rented and leasehold property. 
cy-gb	5.31  Tribiwnlys annibynnol  yw Tribiwnlys Eiddo Preswyl Cymru, a sefydlwyd i ddatrys anghydfodau'n ymwneud ag eiddo lesddaliadol a rhent preifat. 

en-gb	It is made up of Rent Assessment Committees, Leasehold Valuation Tribunals and Residential Property Tribunals. 
cy-gb	Mae'n cynnwys Pwyllgorau Asesu Rhent, Tribiwnlysoedd Prisio Lesddaliadau a Thribiwnlysoedd Eiddo Preswyl. 

en-gb	Despite the existence of this Tribunal, a significant volume of cases relating to some types of landlord and tenant disputes are heard by the courts, as we explain at paragraph 5.33. 
cy-gb	Er gwaethaf bodolaeth y Tribiwnlys hwn, gwrandewir swm sylweddol o achosion sy'n ymwneud â rhai mathau o anghydfodau rhwng landlordiaid a thenantiaid gan y llysoedd, fel yr eglurwn ym mharagraff 5.33 .

en-gb	 Established by the Housing Act 2004  but its predecessor pre-dated devolution. 
cy-gb	 Fe'i sefydlwyd gan Ddeddf Tai 2004 ond bodolai ei ragflaenydd cyn datganoli. 

en-gb	Fees  have to be paid in some, but not all , applications to the Residential Property Tribunal for Wales. 
cy-gb	5.32 Rhaid i ffioedd  gael eu talu mewn rhai ceisiadau, ond nid pob cais , a wneir i Dribiwnlys Eiddo Preswyl Cymru. 

en-gb	On occasions where an application is transferred to the Tribunal from the County Court, any fees payable will be adjusted to take account of any fees that have already been paid to the County Court. 
cy-gb	Pan fydd cais wedi'i drosglwyddo i'r Tribiwnlys o'r Llys Sirol, caiff unrhyw ffioedd sy'n daladwy eu haddasu er mwyn cyfrif am unrhyw ffioedd a dalwyd eisoes i'r Llys Sirol. 

en-gb	Full details are available on the Tribunal’s website . 
cy-gb	Darperir y manylion llawn ar wefan y Tribiwnlys . 

en-gb	An order for costs is not usually made against an unsuccessful party except in limited circumstances.
cy-gb	Fel rheol ni wneir gorchymyn am gostau yn erbyn parti aflwyddiannus, heblaw mewn rhai amgylchiadau.

en-gb	 Application fees, where payable, range from £50 to £515. 
cy-gb	 Lle y bo'n gymwys, mae ffioedd gwneud cais yn amrywio o £50 i £515. 

en-gb	Hearing fees, where payable, are £150.
cy-gb	Lle y bydd angen eu talu, codir ffi o £150 am wrandawiad.

en-gb	 Applicants in receipt of certain income related benefits may be eligible for a waiver of fees. 
cy-gb	 Gall y sawl sy'n derbyn rhai budd-daliadau sy'n gysylltiedig ag incwm osgoi talu ffioedd am wneud cais. 

en-gb	 Residential Property Tribunal (2014) Application and hearing fees for LVT and RPT Disputes. 
cy-gb	 Tribiwnlys Eiddo Preswyl (2014) Application and hearing fees for LVT and RPT Disputes. 

en-gb	The jurisdictional division between the courts and the Residential Property Tribunal for Wales is complex. 
cy-gb	5.33 Mae'r rhaniad awdurdodaethol rhwng y llysoedd a Thribiwnlys Eiddo Preswyl Cymru yn gymhleth. 

en-gb	The most important jurisdiction of the County Court relates to applications for possession. 
cy-gb	Mae awdurdodaeth bwysicaf y Llys Sirol yn ymwneud â cheisiadau am feddiant. 

en-gb	The Tribunal deals with a broad range of cases relating to fair rents, leasehold disputes, licensing of houses in multiple occupation and selective licensing of other residential property. 
cy-gb	Mae'r Tribiwnlys yn ymdrin ag ystod eang o achosion sy'n ymwneud â rhenti teg, anghydfodau ynghylch lesddaliadau, trwyddedu tai amlfeddiannaeth a thrwyddedu dethol eiddo preswyl arall. 

en-gb	However, in the Housing (Wales) Act 2014 the Assembly designated the County Court as being the appropriate forum for resolving most disputes which arise under that Act. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, yn Neddf Tai (Cymru) 2014 dynododd y Cynulliad mai'r Llys Sirol oedd y fforwm priodol i ddatrys y rhan fwyaf o anghydfodau sy'n codi o dan y Ddeddf honno. 

en-gb	Similarly, the Renting Homes (Wales) Act 2016 designated the County Court as the forum for determining disputes, although as we have explained this Act is not yet fully in force 625 . 
cy-gb	Yn yr un modd, dynododd Deddf Rhentu Cartrefi (Cymru) 2016 mai'r Llys Sirol oedd y fforwm i ddyfarnu ar anghydfodau, er, fel rydym wedi'i egluro, nid yw'r Ddeddf hon ar waith yn llawn eto . 

en-gb	There is a potential for the Residential Property Tribunal to deal with these cases but it has been decided by the Welsh Government that these cases should continue to be dealt with by the County Court because the significant increased caseload would have a substantial impact on the Tribunal. 
cy-gb	Mae potensial i'r Tribiwnlys Eiddo Preswyl ymdrin â'r achosion hyn ond penderfynodd Llywodraeth Cymru y dylai'r Llys Sirol barhau i ymdrin â'r achosion hyn oherwydd byddai'r llwyth achosion trymach yn cael effaith sylweddol ar y Tribiwnlys.

en-gb	In November 2018, the UK Government consulted on whether a specialist housing court would be better for resolving housing disputes 626 . 
cy-gb	5.34 Ym mis Tachwedd 2018, ymgynghorodd Llywodraeth y DU ynghylch p'un ai llys tai arbenigol fyddai orau i ddatrys anghydfodau'n ymwneud â thai . 

en-gb	Demand in respect of housing disputes in the County Court is high. 
cy-gb	Mae galw uchel mewn perthynas ag anghydfodau'n ymwneud â thai yn y Llys Sirol. 

en-gb	Although not all District Judges or Deputy District Judges are specialist in housing cases (which may have an impact on the efficient handling of such cases), there are many District Judges sitting in Wales who have specialist housing law knowledge. 
cy-gb	Er nad yw pob Barnwr Rhanbarth na Dirprwy Farnwr Rhanbarth yn arbenigo mewn achosion tai (a all effeithio ar y gallu i ymdrin â'r cyfryw achosion yn effeithlon), mae llawer o Farnwyr Rhanbarth yng Nghymru sy'n meddu ar wybodaeth arbenigol am gyfraith tai. 

en-gb	This consultation closed in January 2019 and responses are being analysed. 
cy-gb	Daeth yr ymgynghoriad hwn i ben ym mis Ionawr 2019 a chaiff yr ymatebion eu dadansoddi ar hyn o bryd. 

en-gb	Although housing law is fully devolved to Wales, neither the Welsh Government nor the Assembly has, to date, considered trying to consolidate the jurisdiction for housing disputes in one court or tribunal.
cy-gb	5.35 Er bod cyfraith tai wedi'i datganoli'n llawn i Gymru, nid yw Llywodraeth Cymru na'r Cynulliad, hyd yn hyn, wedi ystyried ceisio cyfuno'r awdurdodaeth o ran anghydfodau'n ymwneud â thai mewn un llys  neu dribiwnlys.

en-gb	4. rights of appeal
cy-gb	4. hawl i apelio

en-gb	5.36 The system for appeals is complex.  
cy-gb	5.36 Mae'r system apelio yn gymhleth. 

en-gb	In the case of court decisions in the County Courts, appeals from District Judges generally go to Circuit Judges and appeals from Circuit Judges to a High Court Judge.  
cy-gb	Yn achos penderfyniadau llys gan Lysoedd Sirol, bydd apeliadau gan Farnwyr Rhanbarth fel arfer yn mynd i Farnwyr Cylchdaith a bydd apeliadau gan Farnwyr Cylchdaith yn mynd i Farnwr yn yr Uchel Lys.  

en-gb	Appeals in the High Court go to the Court of Appeal of England and Wales.  
cy-gb	Bydd apeliadau yn yr Uchel Lys yn mynd i Lys Apêl Cymru a Lloegr.  

en-gb	Although it aims to sit twice a year in Cardiff, most appeals are heard in London 627 . 
cy-gb	Er ei fod yn anelu at eistedd yng Nghaerdydd ddwywaith y flwyddyn, gwrandewir y rhan fwyaf o apeliadau yn Llundain . 

en-gb	The Court of Appeal Civil Division heard 41 applications and 12 appeals in Wales in 2016-17 628 . 
cy-gb	Yn 2016-17 gwrandawodd Is-adran Sifil y Llys Apêl 41 o geisiadau a 12 o apeliadau yng Nghymru . 

en-gb	The Civil Division did not sit in Wales during the court year of 2017-2018 or in 2018-2019. 
cy-gb	Ni wnaeth yr Is-adran Sifil eistedd yng Nghymru yn ystod blwyddyn llys 2017-2018 nac yn 20182019. 

en-gb	Again we have not been given any explanation and it is not clear why this is so. 
cy-gb	Unwaith eto ni chawsom unrhyw esboniad ac nid yw'n glir pam na chawsom un. 

en-gb	HMCTS could not tell us the number of applications or appeals originating from courts in Wales during the last year that could have been heard had the Civil Division sat in Wales.
cy-gb	Ni allai Gwasanaeth Llysoedd a Thribiwnlysoedd EM ddweud wrthym sawl cais neu apêl yn deillio o'r llysoedd yng Nghymru yn ystod y flwyddyn ddiwethaf y gellid bod wedi ei wrando petai'r Isadran Sifil wedi eistedd yng Nghymru.

en-gb	Gov.uk Court of Appeal Civil Division.
cy-gb	 Gov.uk Court of Appeal Civil Division. 

en-gb	628  The figures for the Court of Appeal Criminal Division are in para 4.163.
cy-gb	 Rhoddir y ffigurau ar gyfer Is-adran Droseddol y Llys Apêl ym mhara 4.163.

en-gb	5.37 In the England and Wales tribunal system, most appeals go to the Upper Tribunal and then can go to the Court of Appeal of England and Wales. 
cy-gb	5.37 Yn system tribiwnlys Cymru a Lloegr, mae'r rhan fwyaf o apeliadau yn mynd i'r Uwch Dribiwnlys a gallant wedyn fynd i Lys Apêl Cymru a Lloegr. 

en-gb	Appeals from the Employment Tribunal go to the Employment Appeal Tribunal before the Court of Appeal. 
cy-gb	Bydd apeliadau gan y Tribiwnlys Cyflogaeth yn mynd i'r Tribiwnlys Apeliadau Cyflogaeth cyn y Llys Apêl. 

en-gb	Appeals from the Court  of Appeal of England and Wales go to the Supreme Court of the  United Kingdom. 
cy-gb	Bydd apeliadau gan Lys Apêl Cymru a Lloegr yn mynd i Oruchaf Lys y Deyrnas Unedig. 

en-gb	5.38 Appeals from the Agricultural Land Tribunal for Wales and the Residential Property Tribunal for Wales lie to the Upper Tribunal which is part of the tribunal system for England and Wales. 
cy-gb	5.38 Bydd apeliadau gan Dribiwnlys Tir Amaethyddol Cymru a Thribiwnlys Eiddo Preswyl Cymru yn cael eu cynnal gan yr Uwch Dribiwnlys sy'n rhan o system tribiwnlys Cymru a Lloegr. 

en-gb	The Law Commission in its forthcoming project on Welsh tribunals should consider and recommend a coherent system of appeals from these tribunals and all other Welsh tribunals.
cy-gb	Dylai Comisiwn y Gyfraith, fel rhan o'i brosiect ar Dribiwnlysoedd Cymru sydd ar ddod, ystyried ac argymell system gydlynol o apeliadau gan y tribiwnlysoedd hyn a holl dribiwnlysoedd eraill Cymru.

en-gb	Some parties choose to resolve their civil disputes through Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) processes – a general term that covers arbitration, mediation, expert determination, conciliation and negotiation – that are used sometimes as alternatives to court proceedings, but also used during court proceedings to settle the proceedings. 
cy-gb	Mae rhai partïon yn dewis datrys eu hanghydfodau sifil mewn ffyrdd amgen – mae hyn yn cynnwys cyflafareddu, cyfryngu, penderfyniad arbenigol, cymodi a negodi – yn lle mynd i'r llys, ond hefyd yn ystod achos llys er mwyn setlo'r mater. 

en-gb	ADR can also be used to improve access to dispute resolution particularly for individuals and small businesses 629 . 
cy-gb	Gall ffyrdd amgen o ddatrys anghydfodau hefyd ei gwneud hi'n haws mynd ati i ddatrys anghydfod, yn enwedig i unigolion a busnesau bach 629 . 

en-gb	The parties to the dispute generally have to pay for this method of dispute resolution 630 .
cy-gb	Fel rheol bydd angen i'r sawl sy'n dewis dilyn y llwybr hwn dalu 630 .

en-gb	5.40 
cy-gb	5.40 

en-gb	Arbitration involves either a single arbitrator or a panel of three hearing both sides of an argument and reaching a decision on the matter. 
cy-gb	Mae gwaith cyflafareddu yn cynnwys un cyflafareddwr neu banel o dri sy'n gwrando'r ddadl o'r ddwy ochr ac yn dod i benderfyniad yn ei chylch. 

en-gb	Mediation is a process through which a mediator helps two parties to agree a settlement. 
cy-gb	Mae'r broses gyfryngu yn helpu dau barti i setlo mater. 

en-gb	A growing number of practising lawyers act as arbitrators and mediators. 
cy-gb	Mae nifer gynyddol o gyfreithwyr yn gwneud gwaith cyflafareddu a chyfryngu. 

en-gb	Recourse to arbitration or mediation is reasonably common when the parties involved in a dispute are legally represented. 
cy-gb	Defnyddir proses gyflafareddu neu gyfryngu yn aml pan fydd gan y sawl sy'n dadlau gynrychiolaeth gyfreithiol. 

en-gb	However, it appears to be much less common when one or more of the parties is not legally represented, though data on this is not recorded. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, ymddengys fod hyn yn llawer llai cyffredin pan na fydd gan un neu fwy o'r partïon gynrychiolaeth gyfreithiol, er na chofnodir data ar hyn. 

en-gb	5.41  There can be advantages for parties if they use ADR. 
cy-gb	5.41 Gall y defnydd o ffyrdd amgen fod o fudd i bartïon. 

en-gb	It can be a quick and cost effective option, particularly for higher value disputes, reducing legal costs and avoiding court fees. 
cy-gb	Gallant fod yn opsiwn cyflym a chosteffeithiol, yn enwedig gydag anghydfodau gwerth uwch, gan leihau costau cyfreithiol ac osgoi ffioedd llysoedd. 

en-gb	5.42 ADR can also allow parties to explore other issues between them in a way that might not be explored in formal litigation. 
cy-gb	5.42 Gallant hefyd alluogi partïon i ystyried materion eraill rhyngddynt mewn ffordd na fyddai'n cael ei gwneud efallai fel rhan o broses ymgyfreitha ffurfiol. 

en-gb	Some ADR (such as mediation) can take place anywhere where there is a meeting room. 
cy-gb	Gall rhai ffyrdd amgen o ddatrys anghydfodau (megis cyfryngu) ddigwydd unrhyw le lle mae ystafell gyfarfod. 

en-gb	Justice can therefore be available more locally than through the court system. 
cy-gb	Felly, gall cyfiawnder fod ar gael yn fwy lleol na thrwy system y llysoedd. 

en-gb	This is of increasing significance following court closures in Wales (as set out in paragraphs 8.5  and following) and the consequent difficulties in attending court. 
cy-gb	Mae hyn yn fwyfwy pwysig yn sgil cau llysoedd yng Nghymru (fel y nodir ym mharagraffau 8.5 ac wedi hynny) a'r anawsterau sy'n deillio o hynny o ran mynd i'r llys. 

en-gb	This is explored in paragraphs 8.34  and following. 
cy-gb	Ystyrir hyn ym mharagraffau 8.34  ac wedi hynny. 

en-gb	However, the position is more problematic for low value disputes where, for example, it may not be cost effective for arbitrators and mediators to travel. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, mae'r sefyllfa yn fwy problematig i anghydfodau gwerth isel lle, er enghraifft, na fydd yn gosteffeithiol efallai i gyflafareddwyr a chyfryngwyr deithio. 

en-gb	Telephone and video conferencing can be used to deal with lower value disputes but this needs an adequate infrastructure in place to support the provision of ADR services remotely . 
cy-gb	Gellir ymdrin ag anghydfodau gwerth is dros y ffôn neu ar ffurf fideogynadledda ond mae angen sicrhau bod seilwaith digonol ar waith ar gyfer hyn er mwyn helpu i ddarparu gwasanaethau amgen o bell 631 . 

en-gb	On the evidence provided to us, it appears the court service small claims mediation service, which is provided without charge, is effective for low value disputes but that demand for the service exceeds the capacity available to meet it . 
cy-gb	Ar sail y dystiolaeth a gawsom, ymddengys fod gwasanaeth cyfryngu hawliadau bychain y gwasanaeth llysoedd, a ddarperir am ddim, yn ffordd effeithiol o ymdrin ag anghydfodau gwerth isel ond na ellir ymdopi â'r galw . 

en-gb	5.43 There is the capacity and expertise across Wales to provide ADR services, though appropriate Welsh language skills for arbitrators and mediators can be an issue in areas where parties are more likely to prefer using the Welsh language to settle their disputes . 
cy-gb	5.43 Mae'r gallu a'r arbenigedd yn bodoli ledled Cymru i ddarparu gwasanaethau amgen, er y gall sgiliau Cymraeg cyflafareddwyr a chyfryngwyr beri problem mewn ardaloedd lle mae'r defnydd o'r Gymraeg i ddatrys anghydfodau yn fwy tebygol . 

en-gb	There are some arbitration and mediation bodies in Wales including the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators and the Association of Wales and Border Counties Mediators and other organisations that provide information about mediators and the role of mediation. 
cy-gb	Mae rhai cyrff cyflafareddu a chyfryngu yng Nghymru, gan gynnwys Sefydliad Siartredig y Cyflafareddwyr a Chymdeithas Cyfryngwyr Cymru a'r Gororau, ynghyd â sefydliadau eraill, a all ddarparu gwybodaeth am gyfryngwyr a'r rôl gyfryngu. 

en-gb	Information is also available from the National Mediation Providers Association. 
cy-gb	Mae gwybodaeth hefyd ar gael gan Gymdeithas Genedlaethol y Darparwyr Cyfryngu. 

en-gb	 OE012 Edward Perkins: 
cy-gb	 OE012 Edward Perkins: 

en-gb	3.
cy-gb	3.

en-gb	5.44 Although attempts have been made to make more people aware of arbitration and mediation, the evidence of Wales and the Borders Mediators was that when they had visited courts to explain the availability of local mediation in Wales, they were generally met with the question “what is mediation?”. 
cy-gb	5.44 Er y ceisiwyd gwneud mwy o bobl yn ymwybodol o wasanaethau cyflafareddu a chyfryngu, yn ôl tystiolaeth Cyfryngwyr Cymru a'r Gororau, pan aethant i lysoedd i egluro bod gwasanaethau cyfryngu lleol ar gael yng Nghymru, y cwestiwn a ofynnwyd fel rheol oedd "beth yw cyfryngu?". 

en-gb	Unsurprisingly, these attempts failed, in large part also due to the lack of a proper linkage between court processes and the availability of local mediation services. 
cy-gb	Nid yw'n syndod i'r ymdrechion hyn fethu, yn bennaf hefyd am nad oes cysylltiad priodol rhwng prosesau'r llysoedd ac argaeledd gwasanaethau cyfryngu lleol. 

en-gb	There are 
cy-gb	Mae yna rywfaint o wybodaeth dda am wasanaethau amgen, ond nid yw darparwyr yn gydgysylltiedig  ledled Cymru.  

en-gb	silos of good knowledge relating to ADR services, but providers are not well joined up 634  across Wales. 
cy-gb	 OE012 Elizabeth Ashford: 

en-gb	5.45 The viability of establishing a mediation centre of excellence in Wales was investigated in 2013 and 2014 by Skills for Justice 635  through grant funding from the Welsh Government as part of the Sector Priorities Fund Pilot programme funded by the Welsh Government and the European Social Fund to pilot strategic project activity with Sector Skills Councils 636 . 
cy-gb	5.45 Yn 2013 a 2014, ystyriodd Sgiliau er Cyfiawnder  ymarferoldeb sefydlu canolfan ragoriaeth ar gyfer gwasanaethau cyfryngu yng Nghymru drwy gyllid grant gan Lywodraeth Cymru fel rhan o raglen beilot y Gronfa Blaenoriaethau Sector a ariannwyd gan Lywodraeth Cymru a Chronfa Gymdeithasol Ewrop er mwyn treialu prosiect strategol gyda Chynghorau Sgiliau Sector 636 . 

en-gb	Skills for Justice led and ran the project. 
cy-gb	Sgiliau er Cyfiawnder a wnaeth arwain a rhedeg y prosiect. 

en-gb	Stage one of the project considered whether a hub should be established at Cardiff or Swansea (with spokes of the hub at Citizens Advice offices across Wales) with the objective of mainstreaming mediation and other alternative dispute resolution in Wales. 
cy-gb	Ar gam un o'r prosiect, ystyriwyd p'un a ddylai canolfan gael ei sefydlu yng Nghaerdydd neu Abertawe (gyda chanolfannau lloeren mewn swyddfeydd Cyngor ar Bopeth ledled Cymru) gyda'r nod o brif ffrydio gwasanaethau cyfryngu a ffyrdd amgen eraill o ddatrys anghydfodau yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	In stage two of the project, Skills for Justice considered various business models for a wider dispute resolution centre and proposed a hub in Cardiff with spokes in Swansea and Wrexham. 
cy-gb	Ar gam dau o'r prosiect, ystyriodd Sgiliau er Cyfiawnder wahanol fodelau busnes ar gyfer canolfan datrys anghydfodau ehangach a gwnaeth gynnig canolfan yng Nghaerdydd gyda chanolfannau lloeren yn Abertawe a Wrecsam. 

en-gb	Skills for Justice recommended that investment in the centre should be found between a consortium of members with UK wide representation and supported by the Ministry of Justice and the Welsh Government. 
cy-gb	 Sgiliau er Cyfiawnder (2014) Ymarferoldeb Canolfan Rhagoriaeth Cyfryngu yng Nghymru – Adroddiad Cyfnod 1. 

en-gb	Consideration was given to taking forward the proposals developed by Skills for Justice, but there was insufficient funding from the Welsh Government and the EU and insufficient time remaining within the programme to do so. 
cy-gb	Ystyriwyd gweithredu cynigion Sgiliau er Cyfiawnder, ond ni ddarparwyd digon o arian gan Lywodraeth Cymru na'r UE, ac nid oedd digon o amser ar ôl o fewn y rhaglen i wneud hynny. 

en-gb	Unfortunately this was never publicly explained. 
cy-gb	Yn anffodus ni chafodd hyn ei egluro byth. 

en-gb	We return to this at paragraph 12.71.  
cy-gb	Ailedrychwn ar hyn ym mharagraff 12.71 . 

en-gb	6. 
cy-gb	6. 

en-gb	Dispute resolution by ombudsmen
cy-gb	Datrys anghydfodau ar ffurf ombwdsmyn

en-gb	Ombudsmen services have been developed and provide another ADR method for individuals and small businesses seeking to resolve disputes with businesses and utilities. 
cy-gb	5.46 Mae gwasanaethau ombwdsmyn wedi'u datblygu gan ddarparu dull amgen arall o ddatrys anghydfodau i unigolion a busnesau bach sydd am ddatrys anghydfodau gyda busnesau a chyfleustodau. 

en-gb	They are generally funded by the business or utility in question and are a free service for the consumer. 
cy-gb	Fel rheol cânt eu hariannu gan y busnes neu'r cyfleustod dan sylw ac maent yn wasanaeth am ddim i'r defnyddiwr. 

en-gb	5.47 The Financial Ombudsman Service, for example, deals with complaints against all regulated financial businesses and others that choose to opt in to its jurisdiction. 
cy-gb	5.47 Mae Gwasanaeth yr Ombwdsmon Ariannol, er enghraifft, yn delio â chwynion yn erbyn pob busnes ariannol a reoleiddir ynghyd ag eraill sy'n dewis dod o dan ei awdurdodaeth. 

en-gb	The Financial Ombudsman Service receives across the UK approximately half a million complaints a year that relate to payment protection and financial product mis-selling, including insurance, pensions and current accounts 637 . 
cy-gb	Ledled y DU, mae Gwasanaeth yr Ombwdsmon Ariannol yn cael tua hanner miliwn o gwynion bob blwyddyn yn ymwneud â diogelu taliadau a cham-werthu cynhyrchion ariannol, gan gynnwys yswiriant, pensiynau a chyfrifon banc . 

en-gb	The service is free to 
cy-gb	Mae'r gwasanaeth am ddim i ddefnyddwyr. 

en-gb	The evidence of Professor Christopher Hodges  was that the UK has some of the most advanced and effective consumer ombudsmen in the world, covering a wide range of sectors from financial services to rail services (see paragraph 5.50  below). 
cy-gb	Nododd tystiolaeth yr Athro Christopher Hodges  fod gan y DU rai o'r ombwdsmyn defnyddwyr mwyaf datblygedig ac effeithiol yn y byd, gan gwmpasu ystod eang o sectorau o wasanaethau ariannol i wasanaethau rheilffyrdd (gweler paragraff 5.50  isod). 

en-gb	 Professor Christopher Hodges is a Professor of Justice Systems and head of the Swiss Re Research Programme on Civil Justice Systems, Centre for Socio-Legal Studies, University of Oxford. 
cy-gb	 Mae'r Athro Christopher Hodges yn Athro Systemau Cyfiawnder ac yn bennaeth Rhaglen Ymchwil Swiss Re ar Systemau Cyfiawnder Sifil yng Nghanolfan Astudiaethau Cyfreithiol-Gymdeithasol Prifysgol Rhydychen. 

en-gb	5.48 In addition to consumer ombudsmen, there are ombudsmen dealing with administrative complaints. 
cy-gb	5.48 Yn ogystal ag ombwdsmyn defnyddwyr, ceir ombwdsmyn sy'n delio â chwynion gweinyddol. 

en-gb	The Public Services Ombudsman for Wales deals with complaints in respect of public services in Wales which we consider at paragraph 6.52.
cy-gb	Mae Ombwdsmon Gwasanaethau Cyhoeddus Cymru yn delio â chwynion am wasanaethau cyhoeddus yng Nghymru a ystyrir gennym ym mharagraff 6.52.

en-gb	5.49 Ombudsmen services have advantages compared to courts, tribunals and other forms of ADR, all of which perform what can be described as a strict dispute resolution function. 
cy-gb	5.49 Mae gan wasanaethau ombwdsmyn fanteision o gymharu â llysoedd, tribiwnlysoedd a ffyrdd amgen eraill o ddatrys anghydfodau, y mae iddynt oll swyddogaeth datrys anghydfodau lem. 

en-gb	A well designed ombudsman mechanism is not only quick, efficient and speedy at dispute resolution but can also perform several other functions. 
cy-gb	Mae gwasanaeth ombwdsmon sydd wedi'i gynllunio'n dda nid yn unig yn ffordd gyflym ac effeithlon o ddatrys anghydfod ond gall hefyd gyflawni sawl swyddogaeth arall. 

en-gb	These include providing consumer and trader information, a helpline, collection and aggregation of data, feedback of issues to traders, the market and regulators, and quasi-regulatory intervention and support of traders in changing their behaviour and culture. 
cy-gb	Mae'r rhain yn cynnwys rhoi gwybodaeth i ddefnyddwyr a masnachwyr, darparu llinell gymorth, casglu a chydgrynhoi data, hysbysu masnachwyr, y farchnad a rheoleiddwyr am unrhyw broblemau sy'n codi, a darparu ymyrraeth led-reoleiddiol a chynorthwyo masnachwyr i newid eu hymddygiad a'u diwylliant. 

en-gb	In addition to the provision of these services without a fee, there are also cost advantages for complainants as matters are dealt with by an ombudsman service which replaces those advisors and professionals involved in, for example, formal litigation before a court.
cy-gb	Yn ogystal â darparu'r gwasanaethau hyn am ddim, mae manteision cost i achwynwyr hefyd oherwydd ymdrinnir â materion gan wasanaeth ombwdsmon sy'n cymryd lle'r cynghorwyr a'r gweithwyr proffesiynol hynny sydd ynghlwm wrth system ymgyfreitha ffurfiol gerbron llys  er enghraifft.

en-gb	5.50 Although ombudsmen services complement other means of dispute resolution, the evidence given to us was that the overall system is too disjointed and complicated . 
cy-gb	5.50 Er bod gwasanaethau ombwdsmyn yn ategu ffyrdd amgen eraill o ddatrys anghydfodau, y dystiolaeth a roddwyd i ni oedd bod y system gyffredinol yn rhy ddarniog a chymhleth . 

en-gb	It is not always clear to people what they should do to resolve their disputes. 
cy-gb	Nid yw bob amser yn glir i bobl beth y dylent ei wneud i ddatrys eu hanghydfodau. 

en-gb	Problems could escalate if there were not clear routes available for them to seek information and advice about how to tackle these problems. 
cy-gb	Gallai problemau waethygu os na fyddai llwybrau clir ar gael iddynt geisio gwybodaeth a chyngor ar sut i ymdrin â'r problemau hyn. 

en-gb	This was recognised by the Low Commission on the future of advice and legal support . 
cy-gb	Cafodd hyn ei gydnabod gan Gomisiwn Low ar ddyfodol cyngor a chymorth cyfreithiol . 

en-gb	It has been suggested to us  that there should be a single portal and a single procedure for those seeking advice, assistance and dispute resolution, starting with easily accessible face-to-face advice and online systems to deal with issues at an early stage, ombudsmen services dealing with unresolved issues leaving tribunals and courts as a last resort for unresolved matters .
cy-gb	Awgrymwyd wrthym  y dylid cyflwyno porth a gweithdrefn unigol ar gyfer y sawl sy'n ceisio cyngor a chynorthwy, ac sydd am ddatrys anghydfodau, gan ddechrau gyda chyngor wyneb yn wyneb a systemau ar-lein hygyrch i ymdrin â materion ar gam cynnar, lle mae cael gwasanaethau ombwdsmyn i ymdrin â materion sydd heb eu datrys yn golygu y defnyddir tribiwnlysoedd a llysoedd i wneud hynny pan fetho popeth arall .

en-gb	 OE042 Professor Christopher Hodges: 
cy-gb	 OE042 Professor Christopher Hodges: 

en-gb	2.
cy-gb	2.

en-gb	 Low Commission, (2014) Tackling the Advice Deficit: 
cy-gb	 Comisiwn Low, Tackling the Advice Deficit: 

en-gb	A strategy for access to advice and legal support on social welfare law in England and Wales. 
cy-gb	A strategy for access to advice and legal support on social welfare law in England and Wales. 

en-gb	 OE042 Professor Christopher Hodges: 
cy-gb	 OE042 Yr Athro Christopher Hodges: 

en-gb	2.
cy-gb	2.

en-gb	 WS179 Resolver: 
cy-gb	 WS179 Resolver: 

en-gb	2, OE041 Steve Bartley: 
cy-gb	2, OE041 Steve Bartley: 

en-gb	4. 
cy-gb	4. 

en-gb	5.51  Some ombudsmen services perform other functions including the provision of information and advice, signposting and quasi-regulatory intervention that helps to support ethical behaviour; they are often mandated to decide cases on the basis of what is fair. 
cy-gb	5.51  Mae rhai gwasanaethau ombwdsmyn yn cyflawni swyddogaethau eraill, gan gynnwys darparu gwybodaeth a chyngor, cyfeirio, ac ymyrryd mewn ffordd led-reoleiddiol sy'n helpu i gefnogi ymddygiad moesegol; yn aml cânt eu cyfarwyddo i benderfynu achosion ar sail yr hyn sy'n deg. 

en-gb	Ombudsmen can play a major role in supporting ethical market behaviour. 
cy-gb	Gall ombwdsmyn chwarae rôl bwysig wrth gefnogi ymddygiad moesegol gan y farchnad. 

en-gb	The basis of their decision making is what seems fair to the ombudsman in the context of society and of the legal and regulatory rules. 
cy-gb	Sail eu penderfyniadau yw'r hyn sydd i'w weld yn deg i'r Ombwdsmon yng nghyd-destun cymdeithas a'r rheolau cyfreithiol a rheoliadol. 

en-gb	Part 3: 
cy-gb	Rhan 3: 

en-gb	Coordination and rationalisation
cy-gb	Cydgysylltu a rhesymoli 

en-gb	5.52 The evidence we received highlights a number of ways in which the current system of civil justice should be reformed so that it can provide effective justice for the people of Wales. 
cy-gb	5.52 Mae'r dystiolaeth a gawsom yn tynnu sylw at nifer o ffyrdd lle dylai'r system cyfiawnder sifil bresennol gael ei diwygio fel ei bod yn gallu darparu cyfiawnder effeithiol i bobl Cymru. 

en-gb	1. 
cy-gb	1. 

en-gb	Coordination
cy-gb	Cydgysylltu

en-gb	5.53 ADR, including in its widest sense ombudsmen services, provides a range of alternative options which may be more appropriate for people and businesses to use to resolve civil law disputes. 
cy-gb	5.53 Rhydd ffyrdd amgen o ddatrys anghydfodau, gan gynnwys yn eu hystyr ehangaf wasanaethau ombwdsmyn, amrywiaeth o opsiynau amgen a all fod yn fwy priodol i bobl a busnesau sydd am ddatrys anghydfodau cyfraith sifil. 

en-gb	It provides more accessible dispute resolution in terms of cost, flexibility of process and location compared to a court or tribunal. 
cy-gb	Maent yn cynnig ffyrdd mwy hygyrch o ddatrys anghydfodau o ran cost, hyblygrwydd y broses a lleoliad o gymharu â llys neu dribiwnlys. 

en-gb	There is therefore significant potential to contribute to providing effective access to justice in Wales by promoting the use of ADR in its widest sense. 
cy-gb	Felly, mae cryn dipyn o botensial i gyfrannu at ddarparu mynediad effeithiol at gyfiawnder yng Nghymru drwy hyrwyddo'r defnydd o'r ffyrdd amgen hyn yn eu hystyr ehangaf. 

en-gb	As we have explained, there is a lack of information and understanding about the role that ADR can play. 
cy-gb	Fel rydym wedi'i egluro, mae diffyg gwybodaeth a dealltwriaeth o rôl bosibl ffyrdd amgen o ddatrys anghydfodau. 

en-gb	Little is being done to promote ADR. 
cy-gb	Prin y cânt eu hyrwyddo. 

en-gb	The lack of proper coordination between the courts, tribunals and providers of ADR is an issue that needs to be resolved. 
cy-gb	Mae angen i'r diffyg cydgysylltu priodol rhwng y llysoedd, tribiwnlysoedd a darparwyr ffyrdd amgen o ddatrys anghydfodau gael ei ddatrys. 

en-gb	5.54 Previous initiatives to promote ADR services have been short term and have stopped when funding has ended. 
cy-gb	5.54 Mentrau byrdymor a gafwyd yn flaenorol i hyrwyddo gwasanaethau datrys anghydfodau amgen, ac maent wedi dod i ben pan fo'r arian yn diflannu. 

en-gb	For ADR to become a more widely used alternative to litigation before the courts and tribunals, recognised and universal standards for ADR professionals should be established to provide confidence in ADR services. 
cy-gb	Er mwyn i ffyrdd amgen o ddatrys anghydfodau ddod yn opsiwn mwy cyffredin i ymgyfreitha gerbron y llysoedd a'r tribiwnlysoedd, dylai safonau cydnabyddedig a chyffredinol ar gyfer gweithwyr proffesiynol yn y maes hwn gael eu sefydlu er mwyn ennyn hyder mewn gwasanaethau amgen i ddatrys anghydfodau. 

en-gb	It should be better promoted and a consistent method of facilitating access to it should  be established.
cy-gb	Dylent  gael eu hyrwyddo'n well a dylid sefydlu dull cyson o hwyluso  mynediad atynt.

en-gb	5.55 A properly developed structure is required to ensure that there is a cohesive and coordinated system for all forms of dispute resolution – courts, tribunals, ADR and ombudsmen – and that they are publicised, and promoted so the public have a clear understanding of where to go to have their disputes resolved.
cy-gb	5.55 Mae angen strwythur sydd wedi'i ddatblygu'n briodol er mwyn sicrhau bod system gydlynol a chydgysylltiedig ar waith ar gyfer pob math o broses datrys anghydfodau – llysoedd, tribiwnlysoedd, ffyrdd amgen ac ombwdsmyn – a'u bod yn cael cyhoeddusrwydd, ac yn cael eu hyrwyddo fel bod y cyhoedd yn meithrin dealltwriaeth glir o sut i fynd ati i ddatrys eu hanghydfodau.

en-gb	We recommend: 
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	Dispute resolution before courts, tribunals, alternative dispute resolution and ombudsmen, as well as dispute resolution in respect of administrative law, should be promoted and coordinated in Wales through a body chaired by a senior judge. 
cy-gb	Dylai prosesau datrys anghydfodau gerbron llysoedd a thribiwnlysoedd, ffyrdd amgen o ddatrys anghydfodau ac ombwdsmyn, yn ogystal â datrys anghydfodau mewn perthynas â chyfraith weinyddol, gael eu hyrwyddo a'u cydgysylltu yng nghymru drwy gorff a gadeirir gan uwch-farnwr. 

en-gb	2. rationalisation 
cy-gb	2. Rhesymoli 

en-gb	5.56 The processes of the court and tribunal system are not easy to understand without advice. 
cy-gb	5.56 Nid yw'n hawdd deall prosesau'r system llysoedd a thribiwnlysoedd heb gyngor. 

en-gb	Many courts and tribunals have come about in part as a matter of history and in part out of a desire to provide simpler and cheaper means of dispute resolution. 
cy-gb	Mae llawer o lysoedd a thribiwnlysoedd wedi cael eu sefydlu'n rhannol yn hanesyddol ac yn rhannol oherwydd dyhead i ddarparu ffyrdd symlach a rhatach o ddatrys anghydfodau. 

en-gb	The changes to legal aid introduced in 2012 have progressively reduced the provision of legal advice made available by the state to the most disadvantaged in our society. 
cy-gb	Mae'r newidiadau i gymorth cyfreithiol a gyflwynwyd yn 2012 wedi lleihau'n raddol y cyngor cyfreithiol a ddarperir gan y wladwriaeth i'r bobl fwyaf difreintiedig mewn cymdeithas. 

en-gb	The system has never been rationalised, it is unduly complex and it should be better aligned with legal aid. 
cy-gb	Nid yw'r system byth wedi cael ei rhesymoli, mae'n gymhleth heb fod angen, a dylai fod yn fwy cyson â chymorth cyfreithiol. 

en-gb	In relation to housing disputes, for example, a single court or tribunal is needed to more efficiently deal with such matters. 
cy-gb	O ran anghydfodau tai, er enghraifft, mae angen un llys neu dribiwnlys er mwyn delio â materion o'r fath yn fwy effeithlon. 

en-gb	Even though the UK Government has not yet reached a decision on a single housing court, the reasons for providing all decisions to be made by a single judicial body are compelling. 
cy-gb	Er nad yw Llywodraeth y DU wedi dod i benderfyniad eto ynghylch sefydlu un llys tai, mae'r rhesymau dros weld un corff barnwrol yn gwneud pob penderfyniad yn gryf. 

en-gb	A single judicial body would be able to develop expertise and an overview of all the different issues that will arise on housing. 
cy-gb	Byddai un corff barnwrol yn gallu meithrin arbenigedd a throsolwg o'r holl broblemau gwahanol a wynebir mewn perthynas â thai. 

en-gb	The creation of the single court would also facilitate access to justice to those with housing disputes. 
cy-gb	Byddai creu un llys hefyd yn hwyluso mynediad at gyfiawnder i'r rhai sy'n ceisio datrys anghydfodau ynghylch tai. 

en-gb	Our analysis is that the current structure for resolving disputes demonstrates that there is a need to unify courts and tribunals, both for civil justice and administrative justice.
cy-gb	Ar sail ein gwaith dadansoddi, dengys y strwythur presennol ar gyfer datrys anghydfodau fod angen uno llysoedd a thribiwnlysoedd, ym maes cyfiawnder sifil ac ym maes cyfiawnder gweinyddol.

en-gb	We recommend: 
cy-gb	Argymhellwn y canlynol: 

en-gb	Courts and tribunals which determine disputes in both civil and administrative law should be under one unified system in Wales.
cy-gb	Dylai'r llysoedd a'r tribiwnlysoedd sy'n dyfarnu ar anghydfodau  ym meysydd cyfraith sifil a chyfraith weinyddol fod yn rhan o un  system unedig yng nghymru.

en-gb	3. 
cy-gb	3. 

en-gb	A long-term solution
cy-gb	Datrysiad hirdymor

en-gb	5.57 We have referred at paragraphs 5.47 to 5.50  to the evidence of Professor Hodges about proposals for a more comprehensive approach to ombudsmen services as a means of providing an  effective low cost method of dispute resolution for smaller value  cases. 
cy-gb	5.57 Ym mharagraffau 5.47 i 5.50 , rydym wedi cyfeirio at dystiolaeth yr Athro Hodges ynghylch cynigion am ddull mwy cynhwysfawr o ddarparu gwasanaethau ombwdsmyn fel modd i ddarparu dull effeithiol a chost isel o ddatrys anghydfodau ar gyfer achosion gwerth bach. 

en-gb	It is clear that the costs of court, tribunal and ADR methods  of resolution are disproportionately expensive to the sums in issue in many disputes. 
cy-gb	Mae'n amlwg bod costau datrys anghydfodau gerbron llysoedd, tribiwnlysoedd ac mewn ffyrdd amgen yn anghymesur o ddrud o gymharu â'r symiau dan sylw mewn llawer o anghydfodau. 

en-gb	Consequently, there is presently often no effective remedy for the citizen.
cy-gb	O ganlyniad, ar hyn o bryd, nid oes ateb effeithiol i'r dinesydd yn aml.

en-gb	5.58 This is not consistent with access to justice, the Rule of Law and a fair society. 
cy-gb	5.58 Nid yw hyn yn gyson â mynediad at gyfiawnder, Rheolaeth y Gyfraith na chymdeithas deg. 

en-gb	It may well be the case that the online procedure being developed by the courts will remedy this deficiency if the fee for use is no more than nominal and assistance is provided to enable people to use it without recourse to lawyers. 
cy-gb	Efallai'n wir y bydd y weithdrefn ar-lein sy'n cael ei datblygu gan y llysoedd yn datrys y broblem hon, os mai ffi enwol yn unig a godir a bod cynhorthwy yn cael ei roi er mwyn galluogi pobl i'w defnyddio heb fod angen troi at gyfreithwyr. 