en-gb	I can recognise the importance of the different rules, roles and responsibilities within the various communities to which I belong.
cy-gb	Gallaf gydnabod pwysigrwydd y gwahanol reolau, rolau a chyfrifoldebau yn yr amrywiol gymunedau rwy’n perthyn iddynt.

en-gb	Progression step 3
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 3

en-gb	Achievement outcomes
cy-gb	Deilliannau cyﬂawniad

en-gb	I can use scaled timelines to order events, and use these to describe how societies have changed or stayed the same over time in Wales and the wider world.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddefnyddio llinellau amser ar raddfa i roi trefn ar ddigwyddiadau, a’u defnyddio i ddisgriﬁo sut mae cymdeithasau wedi newid neu wedi aros yr un peth dros amser yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach.

en-gb	I can use common terms to describe periods and passage of time.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddefnyddio termau cyffredin i ddisgriﬁo cyfnodau amser a threigl amser.

en-gb	I can link and order multiple causes or consequences of signiﬁcant events.
cy-gb	Gallaf gysylltu a rhoi trefn ar achosion neu ganlyniadau lluosog sy’n gysylltiedig â digwyddiadau arwyddocaol.

en-gb	I can demonstrate that the consequences of decisions and events can be both positive and negative.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddangos y gall canlyniadau penderfyniadau a digwyddiadau fod yn gadarnhaol ac yn negyddol.

en-gb	I am aware of my identity and respect that others have a different identity.
cy-gb	Rwy’n ymwybodol o’m hunaniaeth ac yn parchu’r ffaith bod gan eraill wahanol hunaniaeth.

en-gb	I can recognise some factors that contribute to my identity and appreciate the ways I am similar and different to others.
cy-gb	Gallaf adnabod rhai ffactorau sy’n cyfrannu at fy hunaniaeth a gwerthfawrogi’r ffyrdd rwy’n debyg ac yn wahanol i eraill.

en-gb	I can explain the importance of special times, events and traditions in my community and in the wider world, and can communicate my feelings about them.
cy-gb	Gallaf egluro amseroedd, digwyddiadau a thraddodiadau arbennig yn fy nghymuned a’r byd ehangach a chyﬂeu fy nheimladau amdanynt.

en-gb	I can understand that different experiences, religions, world views, beliefs and practices contribute to the diverse societies in Wales and the wider world.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddeall fod gwahanol broﬁadau, crefyddau, bydolygon, credoau ac arferion yn cyfrannu at gymdeithasau amrywiol yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach.

en-gb	I can understand the diversity of cultures and societies that exist beyond my own experience, and appreciate the importance of language, beliefs and values in the formation of cultural identities.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddeall yr amrywiaeth o ddiwylliannau a chymdeithasau sy’n bodoli y tu hwnt i’m proﬁad personol, a gwerthfawrogi pwysigrwydd iaith, credoau a gwerthoedd yn y broses o ffurﬁo hunaniaethau diwylliannol.

en-gb	I can respond sensitively to ideas about communities and cultures.
cy-gb	Gallaf ymateb yn sensitif i syniadau am gymunedau a diwylliannau.

en-gb	What Matters in Humanities Draft Curriculum for Wales 2022: 
cy-gb	Yr Hyn sy’n Bwysig yn y Dyniaethau Cwricwlwm Drafft i Gymru 2022: 

en-gb	Humanities 61
cy-gb	Dyniaethau 63

en-gb	Progression step 4
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 4

en-gb	Achievement outcomes
cy-gb	Deilliannau cyﬂawniad

en-gb	I can use my understanding of chronology to explain and analyse how different societies have changed or stayed the same over time in Wales and the wider world.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddefnyddio fy nealltwriaeth o gronoleg i egluro a dadansoddi’r modd y mae gwahanol gymdeithasau wedi newid neu wedi aros yr un peth dros amser, a hynny yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach.

en-gb	I can identify signiﬁcant turning points that inﬂuence change in society and explain how these can have positive and negative effects on people’s lives.
cy-gb	Gallaf adnabod trobwyntiau arwyddocaol sy’n dylanwadu ar newid mewn cymdeithas ac egluro sut y gallant gael effeithiau cadarnhaol a negyddol ar fywydau pobl.

en-gb	I can categorise and explain causes and consequences of past events, recognising the complex and contested nature of explanation.
cy-gb	Gallaf gategoreiddio ac egluro achosion a chanlyniadau digwyddiadau yn y gorffennol, gan gydnabod natur gymhleth a dadleuol esboniadau.

en-gb	I can explain ways in which my own and others’ identity is expressed,
cy-gb	Gallaf egluro ffyrdd y caiff fy hunaniaeth bersonol a hunaniaeth pobl eraill eu mynegi.

en-gb	I can explain the impact that the actions and decisions of those in positions of authority and power can have on people’s lives.
cy-gb	Gallaf egluro’r effaith y gall gweithredoedd a phenderfyniadau’r bobl hynny mewn awdurdod a grym ei chael ar unigolion ac ar fywydau pobl eraill.

en-gb	I can understand that there are tensions within communities and societies, and I can respond sensitively when discussing them.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddeall fod tensiynau o fewn cymunedau a chymdeithasau, a gallaf ymateb yn sensitif wrth drafod y materion dadleuol hyn.

en-gb	I can explain and evaluate people’s contributions to Welsh society and the wider world.
cy-gb	Gallaf egluro a gwerthuso cyfraniadau pobl at gymdeithas yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach.

en-gb	I can understand that past human behaviour and relationships inﬂuence cultural diversity.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddeall fod ymddygiad a pherthnasau pobl yn y gorffennol yn dylanwadu ar amrywiaeth ddiwylliannol.

en-gb	I can explain ways in which diverse communities can live together cooperatively for the common good.
cy-gb	Gallaf egluro ffyrdd y gall amrywiol gymunedau gyd-fyw er budd pawb. 

en-gb	I can make meaningful connections and comparisons between societies.
cy-gb	Gallaf greu cysylltiadau a chymariaethau ystyrlon rhwng cymdeithasau.

en-gb	Progression step 5
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 5

en-gb	Achievement outcomes
cy-gb	Deilliannau cyﬂawniad

en-gb	I can use my detailed understanding of the nature and extent of change and continuity over an extended period of time to critically analyse how cultures have adapted and changed.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddefnyddio fy nealltwriaeth fanwl o natur a graddau newid a pharhad dros gyfnod estynedig o amser i ddadansoddi’n feirniadol y ffordd y mae diwylliannau wedi addasu ac wedi newid.

en-gb	I can compare and contrast signiﬁcant turning points, using various criteria that examine the positive and negative on people’s lives.
cy-gb	Gallaf gymharu a chyferbynnu trobwyntiau arwyddocaol, gan ddefnyddio amrywiol feini prawfsy’n ystyried yr effeithiau cadarnhaol a negyddol ar fywydau pobl.

en-gb	I can analyse and explain how various causal factors interrelate over a range of time scales, and how the signiﬁcance of these factors may be contested.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddadansoddi ac egluro’r modd y mae amrywiol ffactorau achosol yn rhyng-gysylltiedig, dros amrywiaeth o raddfeydd amser, a’r modd y gellir dadlau ynghylch arwyddocâd y ffactorau hyn.

en-gb	I can analyse and explain the signiﬁcance and consequences of changes in a range of societies in the past and present.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddadansoddi ac egluro arwyddocâd a chanlyniadau newidiadau mewn amrywiaeth o gymdeithasau yn y gorffennol a’r presennol.

en-gb	I can explain the complex nature of my own and others’ identity, how these identities are formed and how they impact on people’s behaviour.
cy-gb	Gallaf egluro natur gymhleth fy hunaniaeth bersonol a hunaniaeth pobl eraill, y modd y cânt eu ffurﬁo a’r effaith a gânt ar ymddygiad pobl.

en-gb	I can critically analyse a range of complex similarities and differences between diverse societies in the past and present, including through reference to geographical location, culture, religion, politics, world views and the economy.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddadansoddi’n feirniadol ystod o nodweddion tebyg a gwahaniaethau cymhleth rhwng amrywiol gymdeithasau yn y gorffennol a’r presennol, gan gynnwys lleoliad daearyddol, diwylliannol, crefyddol, gwleidyddol, bydolygon ac economaidd.

en-gb	I can evaluate the signiﬁcance of the relationships between a wide range of societies,their connections and interdependencies.
cy-gb	Gallaf werthuso arwyddocâd y perthnasau rhwng amrywiaeth eang o gymdeithasau,eu cysylltiadau a’u cyd-ddibyniaethau.

en-gb	I can explain the causes and nature of inequalities between and within societies.
cy-gb	Gallaf egluro achosion a natur anghydraddoldebau rhwng cymdeithasau ac o fewn cymdeithasau.

en-gb	What Matters in Humanities Draft Curriculum for Wales 2022: 
cy-gb	Yr Hyn sy’n Bwysig yn y Dyniaethau Cwricwlwm Drafft i Gymru 2022: 

en-gb	Humanities 63
cy-gb	Dyniaethau 65

en-gb	Planning for learning
cy-gb	Cynllunio ar gyfer dysgu

en-gb	Links within this area of learning and experience
cy-gb	Cysylltiadau o fewn y maes dysgu a phroﬁad hwn

en-gb	This section suggests where learning can be enriched through drawing links between other what matters statements across the Humanities Area of Learning and Experience. 
cy-gb	Mae’r adran hon yn awgrymu lle gellid cyfoethogi dysgu drwy wneud cysylltiadau rhwng y datganiadau o’r hyn sy’n bwysig ar draws Maes Dysgu a Phroﬁad y Dyniaethau. 

en-gb	It also suggests where different elements of learning could be considered together in order to support more holistic learning.
cy-gb	Mae hefyd yn awgrymu ymhle gellid ystyried gwahanol elfennau o ddysgu gyda’i gilydd er mwyn cefnogi dysgusy’n fwy holistaidd.

en-gb	Developing an enquiring mind enables learners to explore and investigate the world, past, present and future, for themselves.
cy-gb	Mae datblygu meddwl ymholgar yn galluogi dysgwyr i archwilio ac ymchwilio i’r byd,i’w orffennol, ei bresennol a’i ddyfodol, drostynt eu hunain.

en-gb	• Enquiries focusing on how societies are diverse and plural. 
cy-gb	• Ymholiadau sy’n canolbwyntio ar y ffordd y mae cymdeithasau yn amrywiol ac yn lluosog. 

en-gb	• Enquiries focusing on social sameness and difference. 
cy-gb	• Ymholiadau sy’n canolbwyntio ar nodweddion tebyg a gwahaniaethau cymdeithasol. 

en-gb	• Enquiries focusing on change and continuity.
cy-gb	• Ymholiadau sy’n canolbwyntio ar newid a pharhad.

en-gb	Events and human experiences are complex, and are perceived, interpreted and represented in different ways.
cy-gb	Mae digwyddiadau a phroﬁadau yn gymhleth a chânt eu canfod, eu dehongli a’u cynrychioli mewn gwahanol ffyrdd.

en-gb	• Historical interpretations.
cy-gb	• Dehongliadau hanesyddol.

en-gb	• Interpretations linked to political ideologies.
cy-gb	• Dehongliadau sy’n gysylltiedig ag ideolegau gwleidyddol.

en-gb	• Interpretations linked to religions and world views.
cy-gb	• Dehongliadau sy’n gysylltiedig â chrefyddau a bydolygon.

en-gb	Our natural world is diverse and dynamic, inﬂuenced by physical processes and  human actions. 
cy-gb	Mae’r byd naturiol yn amrywiol a deinamig, ac mae dylanwad prosesau fﬁsegol a gweithredoedd dynol arno.

en-gb	• The relative impact of different societies at different times on the natural world.
cy-gb	• Effaith gymharol gwahanol gymdeithasau ar wahanol adegau ar y byd naturiol.

en-gb	• How the natural world has impacted upon the evolution of human societies and contributed towards change.
cy-gb	• Sut mae’r byd naturiol wedi effeithio ar esblygiad cymdeithasau dynol ac wedi cyfrannu at newid.

en-gb	Informed, self-aware citizens engage with the challenges and opportunities that face humanity, and are able to take considered, ethical and sustainable action.
cy-gb	Mae dinasyddion gwybodus, hunanymwybodol yn mynd i’r afael â’r heriau a’r cyﬂeoeddsy’n wynebu dynoliaeth, ac yn gallu cymryd camau ystyrlon, egwyddorol a chynaliadwy.

en-gb	• Justice and fairness in societies. 
cy-gb	• Cyﬁawnder a thegwch mewn cymdeithasau. 

en-gb	• Economic development of societies. 
cy-gb	• Datblygiad economaidd cymdeithasau. 

en-gb	• Political structures in societies. 
cy-gb	• Strwythurau gwleidyddol mewn cymdeithasau. 

en-gb	• The nature of citizenship.
cy-gb	• Natur dinasyddiaeth.

en-gb	• Social roles and responsibilities.
cy-gb	• Rolau a chyfrifoldebau cymdeithasol.

en-gb	What Matters in Humanities Draft Curriculum for Wales 2022: 
cy-gb	Yr Hyn sy’n Bwysig yn y Dyniaethau Cwricwlwm Drafft i Gymru 2022: 

en-gb	Humanities 64
cy-gb	Dyniaethau 66

en-gb	Links with other areas of learning and experience
cy-gb	Cysylltiadau â meysydd dysgu a phroﬁad eraill

en-gb	This section suggests where learning can be enriched through drawing links between other what matters statements across all the areas of learning and experience. 
cy-gb	Mae’r adran hon yn awgrymu lle gellid cyfoethogi dysgu drwy wneud cysylltiadau rhwng y datganiadau o’r hyn sy’n bwysig ar draws yr holl feysydd dysgu a phroﬁad. 

en-gb	It also suggests where different elements of learning could be considered together in order to support more holistic learning.
cy-gb	Mae hefyd yn awgrymu ymhle gellid ystyried gwahanol elfennau o ddysgu gyda’i gilydd er mwyn cefnogi dysgu sy’n fwy holistaidd.

en-gb	Expressive Arts
cy-gb	Celfyddydau Mynegiannol

en-gb	• The importance of expressive arts in shaping culture and societies in the past and present. 
cy-gb	• Pwysigrwydd y celfyddydau mynegiannol wrth lywio diwylliant a chymdeithasau yn y gorffennol a’r presennol.

en-gb	• Explore the arts from various times, cultures and societies. 
cy-gb	• Ystyried y celfyddydau o amrywiol adegau, diwylliannau a chymdeithasau. 

en-gb	• Explore our own and other cultures.
cy-gb	• Ystyried ein diwylliant ni a diwylliannau eraill.

en-gb	• The role of expressive arts as a media for expression of interpretations and representations.
cy-gb	• Rôl y celfyddydau mynegiannol fel cyfrwng ar gyfer mynegi dehongliadau a chynrychioliadau.

en-gb	Science and Technology
cy-gb	Gwyddoniaeth a Thechnoleg

en-gb	• The role of digital technology in modern societies.
cy-gb	• Rôl technoleg ddigidol mewn cymdeithasau modern.

en-gb	• The inﬂuence of science and technology on economies of different societies now and in the past. 
cy-gb	• Dylanwad gwyddoniaeth a thechnoleg ar economïau gwahanol gymdeithasau yn y presennol a’r gorffennol.

en-gb	• The inﬂuence of inventions and discoveries on the evolution of human societies.
cy-gb	• Dylanwad dyfeisiadau a darganfyddiadau ar esblygiad cymdeithasau dynol.

en-gb	Health and Well-being
cy-gb	Iechyd a Lles

en-gb	• Social values and norms in societies.
cy-gb	• Gwerthoedd a normau cymdeithasol mewn cymdeithasau. 

en-gb	• Social inﬂuences on individuals.
cy-gb	• Dylanwadau cymdeithasol ar unigolion.

en-gb	• How individuals perceive and interpret events and experiences in different ways.
cy-gb	• Sut mae pobl yn canfod ac yn dehongli digwyddiadau a phroﬁadau mewn gwahanol ffyrdd.

en-gb	Languages, Literacy and Communication
cy-gb	Ieithoedd, Llythrennedd a Chyfathrebu

en-gb	• Literature from a range of cultures and societies.
cy-gb	• Llenyddiaeth o amrywiaeth o ddiwylliannau a chymdeithasau. 

en-gb	• The inﬂuence of literature in shaping culture in societies.
cy-gb	• Dylanwad llenyddiaeth wrth lywio diwylliant mewn cymdeithasau.

en-gb	Mathematics and Numeracy
cy-gb	Mathemateg a Rhifedd

en-gb	• Data to illustrate social differences and inequalities.
cy-gb	• Data i ddangos gwahaniaethau ac anghydraddoldebau cymdeithasol.

en-gb	What Matters in Humanities Draft Curriculum for Wales 2022: 
cy-gb	Yr Hyn sy’n Bwysig yn y Dyniaethau Cwricwlwm Drafft i Gymru 2022: 

en-gb	Humanities 65
cy-gb	Dyniaethau 67

en-gb	Experiences, knowledge and skills
cy-gb	Proﬁadau, gwybodaeth a sgiliau

en-gb	In this what matters statement, learners should have opportunities to explore concepts including chronology, change and continuity, diversity, cause and effect, interconnectedness, community, identity and belonging, authority and governance.
cy-gb	Fel rhan o’r datganiad hwn o’r hyn sy’n bwysig, dylid cynnig cyﬂeoedd i ddysgwyr archwilio cysyniadau, gan gynnwys cronoleg, newid a pharhad, amrywiaeth, achos ac effaith, rhyng-gysylltedd, cymuned, hunaniaeth a pherthyn, awdurdod a llywodraethu.

en-gb	Progression step 1
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 1

en-gb	Learners need to experience:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr broﬁ:

en-gb	• opportunities to explore and observe aspects of the communities they are a part of, such as their classroom, school, family and local area, through stories, celebrations, objects, events and traditions, and to communicate their feelings about them
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i archwilio ac arsylwi ar agweddau ar y cymunedau y maent yn rhan ohonynt,  megis eu hystafell ddosbarth, ysgol, teulu ac ardal leol, a hynny drwy straeon, dathliadau,  gwrthrychau, digwyddiadau a thraddodiadau yn eu cymunedau, ac i gyﬂeu eu teimladau  amdanynt

en-gb	• opportunities to explore and appreciate key celebrations, traditions and ways of life in Wales and the wider world 
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i archwilio a gwerthfawrogi dathliadau, traddodiadau a ffyrdd o fyw allweddol yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• outdoor learning and opportunities to visit museums; historical sites; places of political,religious or spiritual signiﬁcance; geographical features or sites; and businesses or retailers.
cy-gb	• dysgu yn yr awyr agored a chyﬂeoedd i ymweld ag amgueddfeydd; saﬂeoedd hanesyddol; mannau o arwyddocâd gwleidyddol, crefyddol neu ysbrydol; nodweddion neu saﬂeoedd  daearyddol; a busnesau neu fanwerthwyr.

en-gb	Learners should be able to:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr allu a gwybod sut i:

en-gb	• use simple timelines to sequence events that they are familiar with over a short timescale, and use appropriate key words to estimate, measure and describe the passage of time
cy-gb	• ddefnyddio llinellau amser syml i ddilyniannu digwyddiadau sy’n gyfarwydd iddynt dros  raddfa amser fer, a defnyddio geiriau allweddol priodol i amcangyfrif, mesur a disgriﬁo  treigl amser

en-gb	• recognise themselves and familiar people
cy-gb	• adnabod eu hunain a phobl gyfarwydd

en-gb	• observe and explore aspects of their community and local area 
cy-gb	• archwilio ac arsylwi ar agweddau ar eu cymuned a’u hardal leol

en-gb	• recall and communicate information about events in their lives 
cy-gb	 • dwyn i gof a chyﬂeu gwybodaeth am ddigwyddiadau yn eu bywydau 

en-gb	• identify some of the ways that children and young people in the past have had different lives to them.
cy-gb	• adnabod rhai o’r ffyrdd yr oedd bywydau plant a phobl ifanc yn y gorffennol yn wahanol i’w bywydau nhw.

en-gb	Progression step 2
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 2

en-gb	Learners need to experience:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr broﬁ:

en-gb	• opportunities to explore and observe aspects of the communities they are a part of, such as their classroom, school, family and local area, through stories, celebrations, objects, events and traditions, and to communicate their feelings about them
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i archwilio ac arsylwi ar agweddau ar y cymunedau y maent yn rhan ohonynt,  megis eu hystafell ddosbarth, ysgol, teulu ac ardal leol, a hynny drwy straeon, dathliadau,  gwrthrychau, digwyddiadau a thraddodiadau, ac i gyﬂeu eu teimladau amdanynt

en-gb	• opportunities to explore and appreciate key celebrations, traditions and ways of life in Wales and the wider world
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i archwilio a gwerthfawrogi dathliadau, traddodiadau a ffyrdd o fyw allweddol yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• opportunities to use digital technology to participate in virtual visits and to communicate with a range of people in a global community
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ddefnyddio technoleg ddigidol i gymryd rhan mewn ymweliadau rhithwir ac i gyfathrebu ag amrywiaeth o bobl mewn cymuned fyd-eang

en-gb	• outdoor learning and opportunities to visit museums; historical sites; places of political,religious or spiritual signiﬁcance; geographical features or sites; and businesses or retailers.
cy-gb	• dysgu yn yr awyr agored a chyﬂeoedd i ymweld ag amgueddfeydd; saﬂeoedd hanesyddol; mannau o arwyddocâd gwleidyddol, crefyddol neu ysbrydol; nodweddion neu saﬂeoedd  daearyddol; a busnesau neu fanwerthwyr.

en-gb	Learners should know:
cy-gb	Dylai dysgwyr wybod:

en-gb	• that there are some features which are characteristic of certain periods in history
cy-gb	• bod gan rai cyfnodau penodol o hanes nodweddion penodol

en-gb	• the similarities and differences between the way people live and have lived in different times  and different places, including a speciﬁc understanding of how children and young people in  the past may have had different lives from children and young people today.
cy-gb	• yr hyn sy’n debyg ac yn wahanol rhwng y ffordd yr oedd ac y mae pobl yn byw mewn gwahanol leoedd ac ar wahanol adegau, gan gynnwys dealltwriaeth benodol o’r modd y gallai bywydau plant a phobl ifanc yn y gorffennol fod wedi bod yn wahanol i fywydau plant a phobl ifanc heddiw.

en-gb	Learners should know how to and be able to:
cy-gb	Dylai dysgwyr allu a gwybod sut i:

en-gb	• show an awareness of time and of change over time, and use common terms for the passing of time
cy-gb	• ddangos ymwybyddiaeth o amser ac o newid dros amser, a defnyddio termau cyffredin ar gyfer treigl amser

en-gb	• sequence events and show an understanding that the past can be divided into periods of time
cy-gb	• dilyniannu digwyddiadau a deall y gellir rhannu’r gorffennol yn gyfnodau amser

en-gb	• recall and communicate information about events in their lives or the lives of others
cy-gb	• dwyn i gof a chyﬂeu gwybodaeth am ddigwyddiadau yn eu bywydau nhw neu ym mywydau pobl eraill

en-gb	• compare and contrast aspects of their lives with a time in the past or people in a different place.
cy-gb	• cymharu a chyferbynnu agweddau ar eu bywydau nhw â chyfnod yn y gorffennol neu bobl mewn gwahanol leoliad.

en-gb	Progression step 3
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 3

en-gb	Learners need to experience:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr broﬁ:

en-gb	• opportunities to explore and engage with their communities and beyond, through stories, celebrations, objects, events and traditions, and to communicate their feelings about them 
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i archwilio ac ymgysylltu â’u cymunedau a thu hwnt, drwy straeon, dathliadau,gwrthrychau, digwyddiadau a thraddodiadau, a chyﬂeu eu teimladau amdanynt

en-gb	• opportunities to explore and engage with key celebrations, traditions and ways of life in Wales and the wider world
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i archwilio ac ymwneud â dathliadau, traddodiadau a ffyrdd o fyw allweddol yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• opportunities to use digital technology to participate in virtual visits and to communicate with a range of people in a global community
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ddefnyddio technoleg ddigidol i gymryd rhan mewn ymweliadau rhithwir ac i gyfathrebu ag amrywiaeth o bobl mewn cymuned fyd-eang

en-gb	• outdoor learning and opportunities to visit museums; historical sites; places of political,religious or spiritual signiﬁcance; geographical features or sites; and businesses or retailers.
cy-gb	• dysgu yn yr awyr agored a chyﬂeoedd i ymweld ag amgueddfeydd; saﬂeoedd hanesyddol; mannau o arwyddocâd gwleidyddol, crefyddol neu ysbrydol; nodweddion neu saﬂeoedd  daearyddol; a busnesau neu fanwerthwyr.

en-gb	Learners should know:
cy-gb	Dylai dysgwyr wybod:

en-gb	• about the history and diversity of the communities of which they are part
cy-gb	• am hanes ac amrywiaeth y cymunedau y maent yn rhan ohonynt

en-gb	• that societies are diverse and change over time, and that these changes can be positive and negative for different groups and in different situations
cy-gb	• bod cymdeithasau yn amrywiol ac yn newid dros amser, ac y gall y newidiadau hyn fod yn gadarnhaol ac yn negyddol ar gyfer gwahanol grwpiau ac mewn gwahanol sefyllfaoedd

en-gb	• that societies have been and continue to be organised and led in different ways
cy-gb	• bod cymdeithasau wedi cael eu trefnu a’u harwain mewn gwahanol ffyrdd ac yn parhau i fod felly

en-gb	• how people’s lives differ within societies, and in different places and at different times, and be able to give reasons for these differences
cy-gb	• sut mae bywydau pobl yn wahanol o fewn cymdeithasau, ac mewn gwahanol leoliadau ac ar wahanol adegau, ac yn gallu rhoi rhesymau dros y gwahaniaethau hyn

en-gb	• about ways in which diverse communities can live together cooperatively for the common good
cy-gb	• am y ffyrdd y gall amrywiol gymunedau gyd-fyw er budd pawb 

en-gb	• about ways in which commitment and identity are expressed
cy-gb	• am y ffyrdd y caiff ymrwymiad a hunaniaeth eu mynegi

en-gb	• how businesses and economies have been shaped and changed over time, and the impact they have had on societies
cy-gb	• am sut mae busnesau ac economïau wedi cael eu llywio ac wedi newid dros amser, ac am yr effaith y maent wedi’i chael ar gymdeithasau

en-gb	• the main causes and effects of changes in societies past and present
cy-gb	• prif achosion ac effeithiau newidiadau mewn cymdeithasau yn y gorffennol a’r presennol

en-gb	• about a variety of individuals and groups of people, both celebrated and less well known, who have had an impact on societies
cy-gb	• am amrywiaeth o unigolion a grwpiau o bobl, rhai enwog a rhai llai amlwg, sydd wedi cael effaith ar gymdeithasau

en-gb	• that not everyone shares the same beliefs and that this can cause conﬂict and disagreement.
cy-gb	• nad oes gan bawb yr un credoau ac y gall hyn achosi gwrthdaro ac anghytuno.

en-gb	Learners should know how to and be able to:
cy-gb	Dylai dysgwyr allu a gwybod sut i:

en-gb	• develop a chronological map of the past and compare and contrast characteristic features of different periods
cy-gb	• ddatblygu map cronolegol o’r gorffennol a chreu cysylltiadau a chyferbyniadau rhwng nodweddion penodol gwahanol gyfnodau

en-gb	• recognise the impact of different religions and world views on societies in the past and present 
cy-gb	• cydnabod effaith gwahanol grefyddau a bydolygon ar gymdeithasau yn y gorffennol a’r presennol

en-gb	• respond sensitively to ideas about communities and cultures.
cy-gb	• ymateb yn sensitif i syniadau am gymunedau a diwylliannau.

en-gb	Progression step 4
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 4

en-gb	Learners need to experience:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr broﬁ:

en-gb	• opportunities to explore and engage with their communities and beyond, through stories, celebrations, objects, events and traditions, and to communicate their feelings about them
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i archwilio ac ymgysylltu â’u cymunedau a thu hwnt, drwy straeon, dathliadau,gwrthrychau, digwyddiadau a thraddodiadau, a chyﬂeu eu teimladau amdanynt

en-gb	• opportunities to explore and engage with key celebrations, traditions and ways of life in Wales and the wider world 
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i archwilio ac ymwneud â dathliadau, traddodiadau a ffyrdd o fyw allweddol yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• opportunities to use digital technology to participate in virtual visits and to communicate with a range of people in a global community
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ddefnyddio technoleg ddigidol i gymryd rhan mewn ymweliadau rhithwir ac i gyfathrebu ag amrywiaeth o bobl mewn cymuned fyd-eang

en-gb	Learners need to know:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr wybod:

en-gb	• about the history and diversity of the communities and societies of which they are part 
cy-gb	• am hanes ac amrywiaeth y cymunedau a’r cymdeithasau y maent yn rhan ohonynt 

en-gb	• the variety of ways in which societies are and have been organised and governed
cy-gb	• yr amrywiol ffyrdd a ddefnyddir ac a ddefnyddiwyd i drefnu a llywodraethu cymdeithasau 

en-gb	• connections and comparisons between periods of time in order to develop a chronological map of the past
cy-gb	• cysylltiadau a chymariaethau rhwng gwahanol gyfnodau o amser er mwyn gallu creu map cronolegol o’r gorffennol

en-gb	• how and why societies and people’s lives have changed or stayed the same, and be able to explain and make judgements about the signiﬁcance of change and continuity
cy-gb	• sut a pham y mae cymdeithasau a bywydau pobl wedi newid neu wedi aros yr un peth, a gallu esbonio a llunio barn am effaith newid a pharhad

en-gb	• about the diverse nature of religions and world views, beliefs, practices and customs in different societies, and their impact
cy-gb	• am natur amrywiol crefyddau a bydolygon, credoau, arferion a thraddodiadau mewn gwahanol gymdeithasau, a’u heffaith

en-gb	• how and why people’s lives differ within societies and in different places and at different times, including a focus on the lives, experiences and beliefs of ordinary people in a range of different societies at different times
cy-gb	• sut a pham mae bywydau pobl yn wahanol o fewn cymdeithasau, ac mewn gwahanol  leoliadau ac ar wahanol adegau, gan gynnwys pwyslais ar fywydau, proﬁadau a chredoau  pobl gyffredin mewn amrywiaeth o wahanol gymdeithasau ar wahanol adegau

en-gb	• the causes, effects and nature of a range of changes in societies
cy-gb	• am achosion, effeithiau a natur ystod o newidiadau mewn cymdeithasau

en-gb	• about a range of ways in which diverse communities can live together cooperatively for the common good
cy-gb	 • am yr ystod o ffyrdd y gall amrywiol gymunedau gyd-fyw’n gydweithredol er budd pawb

en-gb	• about ways in which commitment and identity are expressed
cy-gb	 • am ffyrdd y mynegir ymrwymiad a hunaniaeth

en-gb	• about people and groups of people who have had an impact on societies
cy-gb	• am bobl a grwpiau o bobl sydd wedi cael effaith ar gymdeithasau

en-gb	• about the diverse nature of societies, including about their beliefs, practices and customs; cultural institutions; ethnicity; equality and inequality; justice; religion and world views; rights; migration; population; religious, political, social, cultural, business, community and  charity ﬁgures of all genders and orientations; social, political and economic ideologies,  organisations and structures
cy-gb	• am natur amrywiol cymdeithasau, gan gynnwys am eu credoau, arferion a thraddodiadau;sefydliadau diwylliannol; ethnigrwydd; cydraddoldeb ac anghydraddoldeb; cyﬁawnder; crefydd a bydolygon; hawliau; mudo; poblogaeth; fﬁgyrau crefyddol, gwleidyddol,  cymdeithasol, diwylliannol, busnes, cymunedol ac elusennol o bob rhyw a chyfeiriadedd; ideolegau, sefydliadau a strwythurau cymdeithasol, gwleidyddol ac economaidd

en-gb	• about the nature and extent of change over time, including about changing political systems and leadership, along with democracy and devolution; industrial and agricultural change; innovation and technological development; invasion, protest and rebellion; peace and  conﬂict; population change and migration; trade.
cy-gb	• am natur a hyd a lled newid dros amser, gan gynnwys am newidiadau mewn systemau  ac arweinyddiaeth gwleidyddol, ynghyd â democratiaeth a datganoli; newidiadau mewn  amaethyddiaeth a diwydiant; arloesi a datblygiadau technolegol; goresgyniad, protest a gwrthryfel; heddwch a gwrthdaro; newidiadau mewn poblogaeth a mudo; masnach.

en-gb	Learners should be able to:
cy-gb	Dylai dysgwyr allu:

en-gb	• describe and explain characteristics of a range of different societies, including their similarities and differences, both in the past and present, in Wales, the United Kingdom, Europe and other parts of the world
cy-gb	• disgriﬁo ac egluro nodweddion ystod o wahanol gymdeithasau, gan gynnwys yr hyn sy’n  debyg ac yn wahanol rhyngddynt, a hynny yn y gorffennol a’r presennol, yng Nghymru, y Deyrnas Unedig, Ewrop a rhannau eraill o’r byd

en-gb	• respond sensitively and insightfully to ideas about communities and cultures, including unity and plurality within and across religions, world views and politics.
cy-gb	• ymateb yn sensitif ac yn graff i syniadau am gymunedau a diwylliannau, gan gynnwys undod a lluosogrwydd o fewn ac ar draws crefyddau, bydolygon a gwleidyddiaeth.

en-gb	Progression step 5
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 5

en-gb	Learners need to experience:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr broﬁ:

en-gb	• opportunities to explore and engage with their communities and beyond, through stories, celebrations, objects, events and traditions, and to communicate their feelings about them
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i archwilio ac ymgysylltu â’u cymunedau a thu hwnt, drwy straeon, dathliadau,gwrthrychau, digwyddiadau a thraddodiadau, a chyﬂeu eu teimladau amdanynt

en-gb	• opportunities to explore and engage with key celebrations, traditions and ways of life in Wales and the wider world
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i archwilio ac ymwneud â dathliadau, traddodiadau a ffyrdd o fyw allweddol yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• opportunities to use digital technology to participate in virtual visits and to communicate with a range of people in a global community
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ddefnyddio technoleg ddigidol i gymryd rhan mewn ymweliadau rhithwir ac i gyfathrebu ag amrywiaeth o bobl mewn cymuned fyd-eang

en-gb	• outdoor learning and opportunities to visit museums; historical sites; places of political,religious or spiritual signiﬁcance; geographical features or sites; and businesses or retailers.
cy-gb	• dysgu yn yr awyr agored a chyﬂeoedd i ymweld ag amgueddfeydd; saﬂeoedd hanesyddol; mannau o arwyddocâd gwleidyddol, crefyddol neu ysbrydol; nodweddion neu saﬂeoedd  daearyddol; a busnesau neu fanwerthwyr.

en-gb	Learners need to know:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr wybod:

en-gb	• about the history and diversity of the communities of which they are part
cy-gb	• am hanes ac amrywiaeth y cymunedau y maent yn rhan ohonynt

en-gb	• about ways in which commitment and identity are expressed within a wide range of societies and cultures
cy-gb	• am y ffyrdd y caiff ymrwymiad a hunaniaeth eu mynegi o fewn amrywiaeth eang o gymdeithasau a diwylliannau

en-gb	• the similarities and differences between societies in the past and present in Wales, the United Kingdom, Europe and in other parts of the world
cy-gb	• yr hyn sy’n debyg ac yn wahanol rhwng cymdeithasau yn y gorffennol a’r presennol yng Nghymru, y Deyrnas Unedig, Ewrop a rhannau eraill o’r byd

en-gb	• how and why people’s lives differ in different places and at different times, ensuring a focus on the lives, experiences and beliefs of ordinary people in a range of different societies at different times, including those who may traditionally have been under-represented in the study of the Humanities
cy-gb	• sut a pham mae bywydau pobl yn wahanol mewn gwahanol leoliadau ac ar wahanol  adegau, gan sicrhau pwyslais ar fywydau, proﬁadau a chredoau pobl gyffredin mewn  amrywiaeth o wahanol gymdeithasau ar wahanol adegau, gan gynnwys y rheini a gafodd eu tangynrychioli’n draddodiadol yn astudiaethau’r Dyniaethau

en-gb	• about the diverse nature of societies, including about their beliefs, practices and customs; cultural institutions; ethnicity; equality and inequality; justice; religion and world views; rights; migration; population; religious, political, social, cultural, business, community and  charity ﬁgures of all genders and orientations; social, political and economic ideologies,  organisations and structures
cy-gb	• am natur amrywiol cymdeithasau, gan gynnwys am eu credoau, arferion a thraddodiadau;sefydliadau diwylliannol; ethnigrwydd; cydraddoldeb ac anghydraddoldeb; cyﬁawnder; crefydd a bydolygon; hawliau; mudo; poblogaeth; fﬁgyrau crefyddol, gwleidyddol,  cymdeithasol, diwylliannol, busnes, cymunedol ac elusennol o bob rhyw a chyfeiriadedd; ideolegau, sefydliadau a strwythurau cymdeithasol, gwleidyddol ac economaidd

en-gb	• about the nature and extent of change over time, including about changing political systems and leadership, along with democracy and devolution; industrial and agricultural change; innovation and technological development; invasion, protest and rebellion; peace and  conﬂict; population change and migration; trade.
cy-gb	• am natur a hyd a lled newid dros amser, gan gynnwys am newidiadau mewn systemau  ac arweinyddiaeth gwleidyddol, ynghyd â democratiaeth a datganoli; newidiadau mewn  amaethyddiaeth a diwydiant; arloesi a datblygiadau technolegol; goresgyniad, protest a gwrthryfel; heddwch a gwrthdaro; newidiadau mewn poblogaeth a mudo; masnach.

en-gb	Learners need to know how to and be able to:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr allu a gwybod sut i:

en-gb	• use an increasingly detailed chronological map or framework to make meaningful connections and comparisons between characteristics of different periods of time, which will allow learners to recognise the dynamics of continuity and change over periods of varying lengths, and relate patterns and trends to larger historical processes
cy-gb	• ddefnyddio map neu fframwaith cronolegol cynyddol fanwl er mwyn creu cysylltiadau a chymariaethau ystyrlon rhwng nodweddion gwahanol gyfnodau o amser, a fydd yn galluogi dysgwyr i adnabod deinamig parhad a newid dros gyfnodau o amrywiol hyd,  ac i gysylltu patrymau a thueddiadau â phrosesau hanesyddol mwy o faint

en-gb	• analyse and evaluate causes and consequences of decisions and events, and of change and continuity, including economic, political, technological, religious and non-religious world views, cultural and social factors
cy-gb	• dadansoddi a gwerthuso achosion a chanlyniadau penderfyniadau a digwyddiadau, a newid a pharhad, gan gynnwys ffactorau economaidd, gwleidyddol, technolegol, bydolygon crefyddol ac anghrefyddol, a ffactorau diwylliannol a chymdeithasol

en-gb	• critically analyse a range of ways in which diverse communities can live together co-operatively for the common good
cy-gb	• dadansoddi’n feirniadol ystod o ffyrdd y gall amrywiol gymunedau gyd-fyw’n gydweithredol er budd pawb

en-gb	• respond sensitively and insightfully to religious and non-religious world views about society, communities and cultures, and understand how these can be interpreted in different times, cultures and places.
cy-gb	• ymateb yn sensitif ac yn graff i fydolygon crefyddol ac anghrefyddol am gymdeithas, cymunedau a diwylliannau, a deall sut y gellir eu dehongli yn ystod gwahanol gyfnodau mewn gwahanol ddiwylliannau a lleoedd.

en-gb	Draft Curriculum for Wales 2022: 
cy-gb	Cwricwlwm Drafft i Gymru 2022: 

en-gb	Humanities 70
cy-gb	Dyniaethau 72

en-gb	WHAT MATTERS IN HUMANITIES
cy-gb	YR HYN SY’N BWYSIG  YN Y DYNIAETHAU

en-gb	Informed, self-aware citizens engage with the challenges and opportunities that face humanity, and are able to take considered, ethical and sustainable action.
cy-gb	Mae dinasyddion gwybodus, hunanymwybodol yn mynd i’r afaelâ’r heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n wynebu dynoliaeth, ac yn gallu cymryd camau ystyrlon, egwyddorol a chynaliadwy.

en-gb	Learners will develop an understanding of their roles as citizens and the importance of creating a just and sustainable future for themselves and their communities in an interconnected world. 
cy-gb	Bydd dysgwyr yn meithrin dealltwriaeth o’u rolau fel dinasyddion a phwysigrwydd creu dyfodol cyﬁawn a chynaliadwy iddynt hwy eu hunain a’u cymunedau mewn byd rhyng-gysylltiedig. 

en-gb	It encourages learners to be active, informed, and responsible citizens, who are able to identify with and contribute to their local, national and global communities, now and in their future lives.
cy-gb	Mae’n annog dysgwyr i fod yn ddinasyddion gweithredol, gwybodus a chyfrifol sy’n gallu uniaethu â’u cymunedau lleol, cenedlaethol a byd-eang a chyfrannu atynt, nawr ac yn eu bywydau yn y dyfodol.

en-gb	Humanities will invite learners to identify and engage with past, contemporary and anticipated challenges and opportunities facing themselves, their local community, Wales and the wider world. 
cy-gb	Bydd y Dyniaethau yn gwahodd dysgwyr i uniaethu a mynd i’r afael â heriau a chyﬂeoedd y gorffennol, y presennol a’r dyfodol sy’n eu hwynebu nhw eu hunain, eu cymuned leol, Cymru a’r byd ehangach. 

en-gb	They will also come to understand the nature of economic, environmental and social sustainability, justice, interconnectedness and authority, and realise the signiﬁcance of living in and contributing to a fairer and more inclusive society. 
cy-gb	Daw dysgwyr hefyd i ddeall cynaliadwyedd economaidd, amgylcheddol a chymdeithasol, cyﬁawnder, rhyng-gysylltedd ac awdurdod, a sylweddoli arwyddocâd byw mewn cymdeithas decach a mwy cynhwysol, ac arwyddocâd cyfrannu at y gymdeithas honno. 

en-gb	Learners will develop not only an awareness of their own rights, but also of the rights, needs, concerns and feelings of others in creating a sustainable and interconnected world.
cy-gb	Bydd dysgwyr yn meithrin dealltwriaeth nid yn unig o’u hawliau nhw eu hunain, ond hefyd o hawliau, anghenion, pryderon a theimladau pobl eraill wrth greu byd cynaliadwy a rhyng-gysylltiedig.

en-gb	Questioning and evaluating existing responses to challenges and opportunities will help learners develop as self-aware, informed, ethical global citizens who critically reﬂect on their own beliefs and values. 
cy-gb	Bydd cwestiynu a gwerthuso ymatebion sydd eisoes yn bodoli i heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn helpu dysgwyr i ddatblygu fel dinasyddion byd-eang hunanymwybodol, gwybodus ac egwyddorol sy’n myfyrio’n feirniadol ar eu credoau a’u gwerthoedd eu hunain. 

en-gb	They will be able to consider the impact of their actions when making choices and exercising their democratic rights and responsibilities. 
cy-gb	Byddant yn gallu ystyried effaith eu gweithredoedd wrth iddynt wneud dewisiadau ac arfer eu hawliau a’u cyfrifoldebau democrataidd. 

en-gb	Learners will also be able to justify their decisions when acting socially, politically, economically and entrepreneurially. 
cy-gb	Bydd dysgwyr hefyd yn gallu cyﬁawnhau eu penderfyniadau wrth weithredu mewn ffordd gymdeithasol, wleidyddol, economaidd ac entrepreneuraidd. 

en-gb	This will enable learners to take committed social action as caring, participative citizens of their local and global communities, showing a dedication to justice, diversity and the protection of the environment. 
cy-gb	Bydd hyn yn galluogi dysgwyr i ymroi i weithredu cymdeithasol fel dinasyddion gofalgar a chyfranogol o’u cymunedau lleol a byd-eang, gan ddangos ymrwymiad i gyﬁawnder, amrywiaeth a diogelu’r amgylchedd. 

en-gb	What is more, by responding to challenges, and taking opportunities for social and sustainable action, they can create meaning and purpose in their own lives.
cy-gb	Ar ben hyn oll, drwy ymateb i heriau, a manteisio ar gyﬂeoedd i i weithredu’n gymdeithasol a chynaliadwy, byddant yn creu ystyr a diben yn eu bywydau eu hunain.

en-gb	What Matters in Humanities Draft Curriculum for Wales 2022: 
cy-gb	Yr Hyn sy’n Bwysig yn y Dyniaethau Cwricwlwm Drafft i Gymru 2022: 

en-gb	Humanities 71
cy-gb	Dyniaethau 73

en-gb	Learning
cy-gb	Dysgu

en-gb	Principles of progression
cy-gb	Egwyddorion cynnydd

en-gb	Principles of progression are the basis on which the achievement outcomes have been developed and should guide the progression of learning within the area of learning and experience.
cy-gb	Egwyddorion cynnydd yw’r sail ar gyfer datblygu’r deilliannau cyﬂawniad a dylent lywio dilyniant y dysgu o fewn y maes dysgu a phroﬁad.

en-gb	This area of learning and experience will help learners gain:
cy-gb	Bydd y maes dysgu a phroﬁad hwn yn helpu dysgwyr i ennill:

en-gb	• increased sophistication of conceptual understanding, whereby learners see beyond a list of facts and engage with those ideas that underpin the disciplines that make up Humanities, and how these interrelate in different contexts
cy-gb	• sofﬁstigeiddrwydd gwell o ran dealltwriaeth gysyniadol, a fydd yn caniatáu i ddysgwyr weld y tu hwnt i restr o ffeithiau a mynd i’r afael â’r syniadau hynny sy’n sail i ddisgyblaethau’r Dyniaethau, a’r modd y mae’r rhain yn cysylltu â’i gilydd mewn gwahanol gyd-destunau

en-gb	• increased depth of knowledge, characterised by linking new learning to existing knowledge,  developing a more sophisticated understanding and resolving the conﬂicts that can emerge from  different points of view
cy-gb	• gwybodaeth ddyfnach, a nodweddir gan y gallu i gysylltu dysgu newydd â gwybodaeth ﬂaenorol, i feithrin dealltwriaeth fwy sofﬁstigedig, ac i ddatrys yr achosion o wrthdaro a all godi pan ddaw  gwahanol safbwyntiau ynghyd

en-gb	• an ability to work with an increasing number of more sophisticated sources of information • more sophisticated use of relevant skills, including appropriate use of subject-speciﬁc terminology • increasing independence and self-regulation.
cy-gb	• y gallu i weithio gyda nifer gynyddol o ffynonellau gwybodaeth fwyfwy sofﬁstigedig • defnydd mwy sofﬁstigedig o sgiliau perthnasol, gan gynnwys defnydd o eirfa bwnc-benodol • annibyniaeth gynyddol a gallu cynyddol i hunanreoli.

en-gb	Progression step 1
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 1

en-gb	Achievement outcomes
cy-gb	Deilliannau cyﬂawniad

en-gb	I can recognise basic morals and rules in communities that are familiar to me.
cy-gb	Gallaf adnabod moesau a rheolau sylfaenol mewn cymunedau cyfarwydd.

en-gb	I can recognise that my actions and those of others have consequences.
cy-gb	Gallaf gydnabod bod gan fy ngweithredoedd a gweithredoedd pobl eraill ganlyniadau.

en-gb	I can show some awareness of challenges and opportunities faced by myself, my family and friends.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddangos rhywfaint o ymwybyddiaeth o’r heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd rwyf i, fy nheulu a’m ffrindiau yn eu hwynebu.

en-gb	I can take care of the environment and other people in a variety of ways.
cy-gb	Gallaf ofalu am yr amgylchedd a phobl eraill mewn amrywiaeth o ffyrdd.

en-gb	Progression step 2
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 2

en-gb	Achievement outcomes
cy-gb	Deilliannau cyﬂawniad

en-gb	I can describe basic morals and rules in a range of contexts.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddisgriﬁo moesau a rheolau sylfaenol mewn amrywiaeth o gyd-destunau.

en-gb	I can describe the positive and negative effect of my actions and those of others.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddisgriﬁo effeithiau cadarnhaol a negyddol fy ngweithredoedd a gweithredoedd pobl eraill.

en-gb	I can talk about challenges and opportunities faced by myself, people in Wales and the wider world, and describe how people respond to them.
cy-gb	Gallaf sôn am yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd rwyf i, pobl yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach yn eu hwynebu, a disgriﬁo’r modd y mae pobl yn ymateb iddynt.

en-gb	I can understand the difference between wants, needs and rights.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddeall y gwahaniaeth rhwng dymuniadau, anghenion a hawliau.

en-gb	I can recognise some ways that I and others have a positive and negative impact on the environment and a range of communities.
cy-gb	Gallaf adnabod rhai o’r ffyrdd rwyf i ac eraill yn cael effaith gadarnhaol a negyddol ar yr amgylchedd ac ar amrywiaeth o gymunedau.

en-gb	I can recognise how responding to challenges and opportunities can be of beneﬁt to me and others.
cy-gb	Gallaf gydnabod y modd y gall ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd fod o fudd i mi ac i eraill.

en-gb	I have developed enterprising attitudes and skills when responding to a variety of challenges and opportunities.
cy-gb	Rwyf wedi meithrin agweddau a sgiliau blaengar wrth ymateb i amrywiaeth o heriau a chyﬂeoedd.

en-gb	I have been part of a group engaged in responsible social action, in my local community, to effect positive change.
cy-gb	Rwyf wedi bod yn rhan o grŵp sy’n dangos cyfrifoldeb cymdeithasol yn fy nghymuned leol er mwyn gwneud newid cadarnhaol.

en-gb	Progression step 3
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 3

en-gb	Achievement outcomes
cy-gb	Deilliannau cyﬂawniad

en-gb	I can recognise that people have the same rights, but that some are not treated equally and that there are organisations that campaign on their behalf.
cy-gb	Gallaf gydnabod bod gan bobl yr un hawliau â’i gilydd, ond na chaiff rhai eu trin yn gyfartal a bod yna sefydliadau sy’n ymgyrchu ar eu rhan.

en-gb	I can understand how people’s behaviour, actions and decisions are inﬂuenced by their viewpoint.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddeall y modd y mae safbwyntiau pobl yn dylanwadu ar eu hymddygiad, eu gweithredoedd a’u penderfyniadau.

en-gb	I can understand the consequences of my actions, and the actions of others, and how these affect local, national and global issues.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddeall canlyniadau fy ngweithredoedd, a gweithredoedd pobl eraill, a’r modd y maent yn effeithio ar faterion lleol, cenedlaethol a byd-eang.

en-gb	I can identify how challenges and opportunities can link different people and countries.
cy-gb	Gallaf adnabod y modd y gall heriau a chyﬂeoedd gysylltu gwahanol bobl a gwledydd.

en-gb	I can understand the causes and effects of past, contemporary and anticipated challenges and opportunities in a variety of contexts, and the responses to them.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddeall achosion ac effeithiau heriau a chyﬂeoedd y gorffennol, y presennol a’r dyfodol mewn amrywiaeth o gyd-destunau, ynghyd â’r ymatebion iddynt.

en-gb	I can describe the potential impact of my actions on myself and future generations.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddisgriﬁo effaith bosibl fy ngweithredoedd arnaf i fy hun ac ar genedlaethau’r dyfodol.

en-gb	I have planned and taken an active role as a responsible citizen, in response to challenges and opportunities within my local community, Wales or the wider world.
cy-gb	Rwyf wedi cynllunio ac wedi ymgymryd â rôl weithgar fel dinesydd cyfrifol, mewn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn fy nghymuned leol, yng Nghymru neu yn y byd ehangach.

en-gb	I have been part of a group engaged in responsible social action, in my local community or in Wales, to effect positive change.
cy-gb	Rwyf wedi bod yn rhan o grŵp sy’n dangos cyfrifoldeb cymdeithasol yn fy nghymuned leol, neu yng Nghymru, er mwyn gwneud newid cadarnhaol.

en-gb	Progression step 4
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 4

en-gb	Achievement outcomes
cy-gb	Deilliannau cyﬂawniad

en-gb	I can understand the causes and consequences of injustice and inequality.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddeall achosion a chanlyniadau anghyﬁawnder ac anghydraddoldeb.

en-gb	I can explain the impacts of decisions made at local, national or global levels on people and the environment.
cy-gb	Gallaf egluro effeithiau penderfyniadau a wneir ar lefelau lleol, cenedlaethol a byd-eang ar bobla’r amgylchedd.

en-gb	I can explain how people’s different beliefs and experiences impact upon moral and ethical decision-making.
cy-gb	Gallaf egluro’r modd y gall gwahanol gredoau a phroﬁadau ddylanwadu ar benderfyniadau moesol ac egwyddorol.

en-gb	I can explain the connections between past, contemporary and anticipated challenges and opportunities faced by people in Wales and the wider world.
cy-gb	Gallaf egluro’r cysylltiadau sydd rhwng yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd a wynebwyd gan bobl yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach yn y gorffennol a’r heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd a wynebir yn yr oes sydd ohoni ac yn y dyfodol.

en-gb	I can explain the importance of current human rights issues and movements in Wales and the wider world, and the importance of individuals, organisations and societies in protecting or denying people’s rights.
cy-gb	Gallaf egluro pwysigrwydd materion a mudiadau hawliau dynol cyfoes yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach, a phwysigrwydd unigolion, sefydliadau a chymdeithasau wrth ddiogelu neu atal hawliau pobl.

en-gb	I have identiﬁed, planned and taken action as a responsible citizen in my local community, or in Wales or the wider world, to effect positive change, individually or collaboratively.
cy-gb	Rwyf wedi adnabod cyﬂeoedd i weithredu, eu cynllunio a’u cymryd fel dinesydd cyfrifol yn fy nghymuned leol, neu yng Nghymru neu’r byd ehangach, er mwyn gwneud newid cadarnhaol, a hynny’n unigol neu ar y cyd.

en-gb	I can assess the impact and evaluate the effectiveness of my actions on myself and future generations, suggesting improvements.
cy-gb	Gallaf asesu effaith a gwerthuso effeithiolrwydd fy ngweithredoedd arnaf i fy hun ac ar genedlaethau’r dyfodol, gan awgrymu gwelliannau.

en-gb	I can understand that when I take social action it beneﬁts my self-development as well as beneﬁting other people.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddeall bod gweithredu cymdeithasol o fudd o ran hunanddatblygiad, yn ogystal â bod o fudd i bobl eraill.

en-gb	Progression step 5
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 5

en-gb	Achievement outcomes
cy-gb	Deilliannau cyﬂawniad

en-gb	I can analyse the underlying causes of injustice and inequality and how governments and non-government organisations respond to them.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddadansoddi achosion sylfaenol anghyﬁawnder ac anghydraddoldeb a’r modd y mae llywodraethau a sefydliadau anllywodraethol yn ymateb iddynt.

en-gb	I can use disciplinary lenses when exploring challenges and opportunities faced by people in Wales and the wider world.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddefnyddio lensys disgyblaethol wrth ystyried yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd a wynebir gan bobl yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach.

en-gb	I can evaluate other people’s viewpoints and responses to past, contemporary and anticipated challenges and opportunities, understanding the impact that they may have on moral and ethical decision-making.
cy-gb	Gallaf werthuso safbwyntiau pobl eraill a’u hymatebion i heriau a chyﬂeoedd y gorffennol, y presennol a’r dyfodol, gan ddeall yr effaith y gallant ei chael ar benderfyniadau moesol ac egwyddorol.

en-gb	I can synthesise a range of responses to complex challenges and opportunities, to form an independent, coherent and substantiated conclusion.
cy-gb	Gallaf gyfosod amrywiaeth o ymatebion i heriau a chyﬂeoedd cymhleth er mwyn dod i gasgliad annibynnol, cydlynol a gadarnhawyd.

en-gb	I can evaluate the underlying causes of current human rights issues and movements in Wales and the wider world, and the various factors that undermine or support people’s rights.
cy-gb	Gallaf werthuso achosion sylfaenol materion a mudiadau hawliau dynol cyfoes yng Nghymrua’r byd ehangach, a’r amrywiol ffactorau sy’n tanseilio neu’n ategu hawliau pobl.

en-gb	I can utilise the skills needed to contribute effectively to the world of work and my anticipated career path for the future.
cy-gb	Gallaf ddefnyddio’r sgiliau sydd eu hangen i gyfrannu’n effeithiol i’r byd gwaith a’m llwybr gyrfa disgwyliedig yn y dyfodol.

en-gb	I have taken an active role in raising awareness of challenges and opportunities locally, nationally or globally.
cy-gb	Rwyf wedi cymryd rhan weithredol wrth godi ymwybyddiaeth o heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn lleol, yn genedlaethol neu’n fyd-eang.

en-gb	I can identify, plan, take action and evaluate the role I play as a responsible citizen in my local and wider community, Wales and the wider world, individually or collaboratively.
cy-gb	Gallaf adnabod, cynllunio, gweithredu a gwerthuso’r rôl rwy’n ei chwarae fel dinesydd cyfrifol yn fy nghymuned leol a’m cymuned ehangach, yng Nghymru ac yn y byd ehangach, gan wneud hynny’n annibynnol neu ar y cyd.

en-gb	I can evaluate the impact and effectiveness of my actions and the actions of others, identify speciﬁc strengths and weaknesses, and plan strategic improvements.
cy-gb	Gallaf werthuso effaith ac effeithiolrwydd fy ngweithredoedd a gweithredoedd pobl eraill, adnabod cryfderau a gwendidau penodol, a chynllunio gwelliannau strategol.

en-gb	I can critically evaluate how my own beliefs and actions contribute to my role as an ethical,informed citizen and the beneﬁt this has upon me and my self-development.
cy-gb	Gallaf gynnal gwerthusiad beirniadol o’r modd y gall fy nghredoau a’m gweithredoedd fy hun gyfrannu at fy rôl fel dinesydd egwyddorol, gwybodus, a’r modd y mae o fudd i mi ac i’m hunanddatblygiad.

en-gb	What Matters in Humanities Draft Curriculum for Wales 2022: 
cy-gb	Yr Hyn sy’n Bwysig yn y Dyniaethau Cwricwlwm Drafft i Gymru 2022: 

en-gb	Humanities 74
cy-gb	Dyniaethau 77

en-gb	Planning for learning
cy-gb	Cynllunio ar gyfer dysgu

en-gb	Links within this area of learning and experience
cy-gb	Cysylltiadau o fewn y maes dysgu a phroﬁad hwn

en-gb	This section suggests where learning can be enriched through drawing links between other what matters statements across the Humanities Area of Learning and Experience. 
cy-gb	Mae’r adran hon yn awgrymu lle gellid cyfoethogi dysgu drwy wneud cysylltiadau rhwng y datganiadau o’r hyn sy’n bwysig ar draws Maes Dysgu a Phroﬁad y Dyniaethau. 

en-gb	It also suggests where different elements of learning could be considered together in order to support more holistic learning.
cy-gb	Mae hefyd yn awgrymu ymhle gellid ystyried gwahanol elfennau o ddysgu gyda’i gilydd er mwyn cefnogi dysgusy’n fwy holistaidd.

en-gb	Developing an enquiring mind enables learners to explore and investigate the world, past, present and future, for themselves.
cy-gb	Mae datblygu meddwl ymholgar yn galluogi dysgwyr i archwilio ac ymchwilio i’r byd,i’w orffennol, ei bresennol a’i ddyfodol, drostynt eu hunain.

en-gb	• Enquiries focused on developing understanding of challenges and opportunities facing humanity.
cy-gb	• Ymholiadau sy’n canolbwyntio ar feithrin dealltwriaeth o’r heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n wynebu dynoliaeth.

en-gb	Events and human experiences are complex, and are perceived, interpreted and represented in different ways.
cy-gb	Mae digwyddiadau a phroﬁadau dynol yn gymhleth a chânt eu canfod, eu dehonglia’u cynrychioli mewn gwahanol ffyrdd.

en-gb	• An individual’s view of their own role and responsibility as a citizen.
cy-gb	• Barn unigolyn am ei rôl a’i gyfrifoldeb personol fel dinesydd.

en-gb	• Differing interpretations of the key challenges and opportunities facing humanity.
cy-gb	• Gwahanol ddehongliadau o’r heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd allweddol sy’n wynebu dynoliaeth.

en-gb	Our natural world is diverse and dynamic, inﬂuenced by physical processes and  human actions. 
cy-gb	Mae’r byd naturiol yn amrywiol a deinamig, ac mae dylanwad prosesau fﬁsegol a gweithredoedd dynol arno.

en-gb	• Environmental challenges facing humanity, including climate change. 
cy-gb	• Yr heriau amgylcheddol sy’n wynebu dynoliaeth, gan gynnwys newid yn yr hinsawdd. 

en-gb	• An individual’s role and responsibility in environmental protection. 
cy-gb	• Rôl a chyfrifoldeb unigolyn wrth ddiogelu’r amgylchedd. 

en-gb	• The impact of actions on the environment.
cy-gb	• Effaith gweithredoedd ar yr amgylchedd.

en-gb	Human societies are complex and diverse, and shaped by human actions and beliefs.
cy-gb	Mae cymdeithasau dynol yn gymhleth ac yn amrywiol, ac yn cael eu llywio gan weithredoedd a chredoau pobl.

en-gb	• Justice and fairness in societies.
cy-gb	• Cyﬁawnder a thegwch mewn cymdeithasau. 

en-gb	• Economic development of societies. 
cy-gb	• Datblygiad economaidd cymdeithasau. 

en-gb	• Political structures in societies.
cy-gb	• Strwythurau gwleidyddol mewn cymdeithasau. 

en-gb	• The nature of citizenship.
cy-gb	• Natur dinasyddiaeth.

en-gb	• Social roles and responsibilities.
cy-gb	• Rolau a chyfrifoldebau cymdeithasol. 

en-gb	• Impact of actions on society.
cy-gb	• Effaith gweithredoedd ar gymdeithas.

en-gb	What Matters in Humanities Draft Curriculum for Wales 2022: 
cy-gb	Yr Hyn sy’n Bwysig yn y Dyniaethau Cwricwlwm Drafft i Gymru 2022: 

en-gb	Humanities 75
cy-gb	Dyniaethau 78

en-gb	Links with other areas of learning and experience
cy-gb	Cysylltiadau â meysydd dysgu a phroﬁad eraill

en-gb	This section suggests where learning can be enriched through drawing links between other what matters statements across all the areas of learning and experience. 
cy-gb	Mae’r adran hon yn awgrymu lle gellid cyfoethogi dysgu drwy wneud cysylltiadau rhwng y datganiadau o’r hyn sy’n bwysig ar draws yr holl feysydd dysgu a phroﬁad. 

en-gb	It also suggests where different elements of learning could be considered together in order to support more holistic learning.
cy-gb	Mae hefyd yn awgrymu ymhle gellid ystyried gwahanol elfennau o ddysgu gyda’i gilydd er mwyn cefnogi dysgu sy’n fwy holistaidd.

en-gb	Expressive Arts
cy-gb	Celfyddydau Mynegiannol

en-gb	• Ways of expressing and representing the themes of rights, respect, equality and justice through Expressive Arts.
cy-gb	• Ffyrdd o fynegi a chynrychioli’r themâu o hawliau, parch, cydraddoldeb a chyﬁawnder drwy

en-gb	Science and Technology
cy-gb	Gwyddoniaeth a Thechnoleg

en-gb	• The scientiﬁc, technological and digital challenges facing humanity. 
cy-gb	• Yr heriau gwyddonol, technolegol a digidol sy’n wynebu’r ddynoliaeth. 

en-gb	• Potential scientiﬁc and technological solutions to the challenges facing humanity. 
cy-gb	• Datrysiadau gwyddonol a thechnolegol posibl i’r heriau sy’n wynebu’r ddynoliaeth. 

en-gb	• Digital interdependence.
cy-gb	• Rhyngddibyniaeth ddigidol.

en-gb	• The digital economy.
cy-gb	• Yr economi ddigidol.

en-gb	Health and Well-being
cy-gb	Iechyd a Lles

en-gb	• The importance of decision-making to support ethical and sustainable responses to challenges and opportunities.
cy-gb	• Pwysigrwydd gwneud penderfyniadau er mwyn ategu ymatebion egwyddorol a chynaliadwy i heriau a chyﬂeoedd.

en-gb	• Recognising appropriate behaviours in different situations. 
cy-gb	• Cydnabod ymddygiad priodol mewn gwahanol sefyllfaoedd. 

en-gb	• Responding sensitively to the needs of others. 
cy-gb	• Ymateb yn sensitif i anghenion eraill.

en-gb	• Developing relationships to support citizenship.
cy-gb	• Meithrin perthnasau i ategu dinasyddiaeth. 

en-gb	• Social inﬂuences and citizenship.
cy-gb	• Dylanwadau cymdeithasol a dinasyddiaeth. 

en-gb	• Understanding rights, respect and equity.
cy-gb	• Deall hawliau, parch a thegwch.

en-gb	Languages, Literacy and Communication
cy-gb	Ieithoedd, Llythrennedd a Chyfathrebu

en-gb	• Discussion of social issues.
cy-gb	• Trafod materion cymdeithasol.

en-gb	Mathematics and Numeracy
cy-gb	Mathemateg a Rhifedd

en-gb	• An individual’s economic role, including being ﬁnancially literate.
cy-gb	• Rôl economaidd unigolyn, gan gynnwys llythrennedd ariannol.

en-gb	What Matters in Humanities Draft Curriculum for Wales 2022: 
cy-gb	Yr Hyn sy’n Bwysig yn y Dyniaethau Cwricwlwm Drafft i Gymru 2022: 

en-gb	Humanities 76
cy-gb	Dyniaethau 79

en-gb	Experiences, knowledge and skills
cy-gb	Proﬁadau, gwybodaeth a sgiliau

en-gb	In this what matters statement, learners should explore concepts including economic, environmental and social sustainability; 
cy-gb	Fel rhan o’r datganiad hwn o’r hyn sy’n bwysig, dylai dysgwyr ystyried cysyniadau gan gynnwys cynaliadwyedd economaidd, amgylcheddol a chymdeithasol; 

en-gb	citizenship; 
cy-gb	dinasyddiaeth; 

en-gb	power and authority; 
cy-gb	grym ac awdurdod; 

en-gb	interconnectedness; 
cy-gb	rhyng-gysylltedd; 

en-gb	justice and equality; 
cy-gb	cyﬁawnder a chydraddoldeb; 

en-gb	rights; 
cy-gb	hawliau; 

en-gb	and social action and responsibility.
cy-gb	a chamau gweithredu a chyfrifoldeb cymdeithasol.

en-gb	Progression step 1
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 1

en-gb	Learners need to experience:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr broﬁ:

en-gb	• opportunities to discuss and engage with challenges and opportunities in their locality, Wales or the wider world 
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i drafod ac ymwneud â heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn eu hardal leol, yng Nghymru neu’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• opportunities to plan and participate in social action in response to challenges and opportunities locally, nationally and globally
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i gynllunio a chymryd rhan mewn gweithredu cymdeithasol mewn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn lleol, yn genedlaethol ac yn fyd-eang

en-gb	• opportunities to demonstrate care, responsibility, concern and respect when considering the challenges and opportunities that face humanity, including the sustainability of the planet
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ddangos gofal, cyfrifoldeb, pryder a pharch wrth ystyried yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n wynebu dynoliaeth, gan gynnwys cynaliadwyedd y blaned

en-gb	• opportunities to develop a sense of empathy with people on a local, national or global scale
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i feithrin ymdeimlad o empathi gyda phobl ar raddfa leol, genedlaethol neu fyd-eang

en-gb	 • opportunities to engage with local groups, organisations and businesses.
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ymwneud â grwpiau, sefydliadau a busnesau lleol.

en-gb	Learners need to know:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr wybod:

en-gb	• the concepts of right and wrong and of fair and unfair in a familiar context
cy-gb	• am gysyniadau da a drwg a theg ac annheg, o fewn cyd-destun cyfarwydd 

en-gb	• that other people’s actions can have an impact on them and that their actions also impact on others
cy-gb	• y gall gweithredoedd pobl eraill effeithio arnynt ac y gall eu gweithredoedd nhw hefyd effeithio ar bobl eraill

en-gb	• some of the challenges and opportunities facing themselves and their communities.
cy-gb	 • am rai o’r heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n eu hwynebu nhw a’u cymunedau. 

en-gb	Learners need to know how to and be able to:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr allu a gwybod sut i:

en-gb	• participate in actions and events in response to challenges and opportunities in their immediate environment.
cy-gb	• gymryd rhan mewn gweithredoedd a digwyddiadau mewn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd, yn eu hamgylchedd uniongyrchol.

en-gb	Progression step 2
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 2

en-gb	Learners need to experience:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr broﬁ:

en-gb	• opportunities to discuss and engage with challenges and opportunities in their locality, Wales or the wider world
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i drafod ac ymwneud â heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn eu hardal leol, yng Nghymru neu’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• opportunities to plan and participate in social action in response to challenges and opportunities locally, nationally and globally
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i gynllunio a chymryd rhan mewn gweithredu cymdeithasol mewn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn lleol, yn genedlaethol ac yn fyd-eang

en-gb	• opportunities to demonstrate care, responsibility, concern and respect when considering the challenges and opportunities that face humanity, including the sustainability of the planet
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ddangos gofal, cyfrifoldeb, pryder a pharch wrth ystyried yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n wynebu dynoliaeth, gan gynnwys cynaliadwyedd y blaned

en-gb	• opportunities to develop a sense of empathy with people on a local, national or global scale
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i feithrin ymdeimlad o empathi gyda phobl ar raddfa leol, genedlaethol neu fyd-eang

en-gb	 • opportunities to engage with local groups, organisations and businesses 
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ymwneud â grwpiau, sefydliadau a busnesau lleol 

en-gb	• opportunities to be enterprising and develop entrepreneurial skills.
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i fod yn ﬂaengar a meithrin sgiliau entrepreneuraidd.

en-gb	Learners need to know:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr wybod:

en-gb	• the importance of the rules, roles and responsibilities in the various communities that they belong to
cy-gb	• y rheolau, y rolau a’r cyfrifoldebau o fewn yr amrywiol gymunedau y maent yn perthyn iddynt

en-gb	• what is right and wrong and what fairness means in a range of contexts
cy-gb	• beth sy’n dda ac yn ddrwg ac ystyr tegwch mewn amrywiaeth o gyd-destunau

en-gb	• that their actions and the actions of others can impact positively and negatively on other people and the environment
cy-gb	• y gall eu gweithredoedd a gweithredoedd pobl eraill gael effaith gadarnhaol a negyddol ar bobl eraill a’r amgylchedd

en-gb	• that the actions of people and groups in the past have led to changes in people’s lives 
cy-gb	• bod gweithredoedd pobl a grwpiau yn y gorffennol wedi arwain at newidiadau mewn bywydau pobl

en-gb	• the challenges and opportunities facing themselves, Wales and the wider world
cy-gb	• am yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n eu hwynebu nhw, Cymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• the difference between wants, needs and rights, and how needs might inform people’s rights
cy-gb	• y gwahaniaeth rhwng dymuniadau, anghenion a hawliau, a’r modd y gall anghenion lywio hawliau dynol

en-gb	• that children have rights and that these are set out in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)
cy-gb	• fod gan blant hawliau a bod y rhain wedi eu diogelu yng Nghonfensiwn y Cenhedloedd Unedig ar Hawliau’r Plentyn (CCUHP)

en-gb	• the importance of respecting the rights of others
cy-gb	• pwysigrwydd parchu hawliau pobl eraill

en-gb	• sustainable and unsustainable responses to challenges and opportunities, including how ethical trading and the work of organisations and charities can have an impact on themselves and communities, and how people damage or improve the environment in different ways.
cy-gb	• am ymatebion cynaliadwy ac anghynaliadwy i heriau a chyﬂeoedd, gan gynnwys y modd  y gall masnachu egwyddorol a gwaith sefydliadau ac elusennau gael effaith arnynt hwy eu hunain ac ar gymunedau, a’r modd y mae pobl yn difrodi neu’n gwella’r amgylchedd mewn gwahanol ffyrdd.

en-gb	Learners should know how to and be able to:
cy-gb	Dylai dysgwyr allu a gwybod sut i:

en-gb	• develop enterprising attitudes and skills through participating in events in their locality
cy-gb	• feithrin agweddau a sgiliau blaengar drwy gymryd rhan mewn digwyddiadau yn eu cymuned leol

en-gb	• participate in social action in response to challenges and opportunities in their locality.
cy-gb	• cymryd rhan mewn gweithredu cymdeithasol mewn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn eu hamgylchedd lleol.

en-gb	Progression step 3
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 3

en-gb	Learners need to experience:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr broﬁ:

en-gb	• opportunities to discuss and respond to past, contemporary and anticipated challenges and opportunities in Wales and the wider world
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i drafod ac ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd y gorffennol, y presennol a’r dyfodol yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• opportunities to plan and participate in social action in response to challenges and opportunities locally, nationally and globally
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i gynllunio a chymryd rhan mewn gweithredu cymdeithasol mewn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn lleol, yn genedlaethol ac yn fyd-eang

en-gb	• opportunities to demonstrate care, responsibility, concern and respect when considering the challenges and opportunities that face humanity, including the sustainability of the planet
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ddangos gofal, cyfrifoldeb, pryder a pharch wrth ystyried yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n wynebu dynoliaeth, gan gynnwys cynaliadwyedd y blaned

en-gb	• opportunities to develop a sense of empathy with people on a local, national or global scale, and understand the impacts of inequality and injustice
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i feithrin ymdeimlad o empathi gyda phobl ar raddfa leol, genedlaethol neu fyd-eang, ac i ddeall effeithiau anghydraddoldeb ac anghyﬁawnder

en-gb	• opportunities to engage with groups, organisations and businesses when planning and taking social action
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ymwneud â grwpiau, sefydliadau a busnesau fel rhan o’r broses o gynllunio a chymryd camau gweithredu cymdeithasol

en-gb	• exploring local, national and international groups, organisations and businesses and the ways they are responsible for and respond to the challenges and opportunities faced by their locality, Wales and the wider world
cy-gb	• archwilio grwpiau, sefydliadau a busnesau lleol, cenedlaethol a rhyngwladol a’r ffyrdd  y maent yn achosi ac yn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd a wynebir gan eu hardal leol,  Cymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• opportunities to be enterprising and develop entrepreneurial skills.
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i fod yn ﬂaengar a meithrin sgiliau entrepreneuraidd.

en-gb	Learners need to know:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr wybod:

en-gb	• the concepts of fairness and equality
cy-gb	• am gysyniadau tegwch a chydraddoldeb

en-gb	• the difference between wants, needs and rights, and how needs might inform human rights
cy-gb	• y gwahaniaeth rhwng dymuniadau, anghenion a hawliau, a’r modd y gall anghenion lywio hawliau dynol

en-gb	• that children have human rights and that these are set out in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)
cy-gb	• fod gan blant hawliau a bod y rhain wedi eu diogelu yng Nghonfensiwn y Cenhedloedd Unedig ar Hawliau’r Plentyn (CCUHP)

en-gb	• the importance of respecting the rights of others
cy-gb	• pwysigrwydd parchu hawliau pobl eraill

en-gb	• the challenges to human rights on a local, national and global scale in the past and present 
cy-gb	• am yr heriau i hawliau dynol ar lefel leol, genedlaethol a byd-eang yn y presennol a’r gorffennol

en-gb	• the work of organisations campaigning for equality for all and for human rights
cy-gb	• am waith sefydliadau sy’n ymgyrchu dros gydraddoldeb i bawb a thros hawliau dynol

en-gb	• the impact of their own and others’ actions, which can have local, national and global consequences, such as the way consumer actions can affect the environment and people’s quality of life
cy-gb	• effaith eu gweithredoedd eu hunain a gweithredoedd pobl eraill, a’u canlyniadau lleol, cenedlaethol a byd-eang posib, megis y modd y gall gweithredoedd defnyddwyr effeithio ar yr amgylchedd ac ansawdd bywyd pobl

en-gb	• their responsibility for the environment, including how their own and others’ lifestyles impact on the planet and on other people
cy-gb	• am eu cyfrifoldeb tuag at yr amgylchedd, gan gynnwys y modd y mae eu ffordd o fyw a ffordd o fyw pobl eraill yn effeithio ar y blaned ac ar bobl eraill

en-gb	• the inﬂuence of people’s viewpoints on their behaviour, actions and decisions
cy-gb	• am ddylanwad safbwyntiau pobl ar eu hymddygiad, eu gweithredoedd a’u penderfyniadau

en-gb	• how challenges and opportunities facing Wales and the wider world may be linked to other people and places
cy-gb	• am y modd y gall yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n wynebu Cymru a’r byd ehangach fod yn gysylltiedig â phobl a lleoedd eraill

en-gb	• the causes of past, contemporary and anticipated challenges and opportunities 
cy-gb	• am achosion heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn y gorffennol a’r presennol, a’r rhai a ragwelir yn y dyfodol

en-gb	• the signiﬁcance of past and contemporary challenges and opportunities 
cy-gb	• am arwyddocâd heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn y gorffennol a’r presennol

en-gb	• the different ways in which social change has been effected in the past
cy-gb	• am y gwahanol ffyrdd y gwnaed newidiadau cymdeithasol yn y gorffennol

en-gb	• about consequences of the sustainable and unsustainable ways in which people respond  to challenges and opportunities, including the beneﬁts and drawbacks of ethical trading and  the work of organisations and charities
cy-gb	• am ganlyniadau y ffyrdd cynaliadwy ac anghynaliadwy y mae pobl yn ymateb i heriau  a chyﬂeoedd, gan gynnwys manteision ac anfanteision masnachu egwyddorol a gwaith  sefydliadau ac elusennau

en-gb	• societal, political, economic and environmental sustainability, and the importance of sustainable relationships for the future
cy-gb	• am gynaliadwyedd cymdeithasol, gwleidyddol, economaidd ac amgylcheddol, a phwysigrwydd perthnasau cynaliadwy ar gyfer y dyfodol

en-gb	• about some beliefs, teachings and practices that inﬂuence social action.
cy-gb	• am rai credoau, dysgeidiaethau ac arferion sy’n dylanwadu ar weithredu cymdeithasol.

en-gb	Learners need to know how to and be able to:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr allu a gwybod sut i:

en-gb	• develop enterprising attitudes and skills through planning and participating in events in their local community
cy-gb	• feithrin agweddau a sgiliau blaengar drwy gynllunio a chymryd rhan mewn digwyddiadau yn eu cymuned leol

en-gb	• plan and participate in social action in response to challenges and opportunities on a local, national or global scale.
cy-gb	• cynllunio a chymryd rhan mewn gweithredu cymdeithasol mewn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd ar raddfa leol, genedlaethol a byd-eang.

en-gb	Progression step 4
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 4

en-gb	Learners need to experience:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr broﬁ:

en-gb	• opportunities to discuss and respond to past, contemporary and anticipated challenges and opportunities in Wales and the wider world
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i drafod ac ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd y gorffennol, y presennol a’r dyfodol yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	 • opportunities to plan and participate in social action in response to challenges and opportunities locally, nationally and globally
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i gynllunio a chymryd rhan mewn gweithredu cymdeithasol mewn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn lleol, yn genedlaethol ac yn fyd-eang

en-gb	• opportunities to demonstrate care, responsibility, concern and respect when considering the challenges and opportunities that face humanity, including the sustainability of the planet
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ddangos gofal, cyfrifoldeb, pryder a pharch wrth ystyried yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n wynebu dynoliaeth, gan gynnwys cynaliadwyedd y blaned

en-gb	• opportunities to develop a sense of empathy with people on a local, national or global scale and to understand the impacts of inequality and injustice (from Progression step 3 onwards)
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i feithrin ymdeimlad o empathi gyda phobl ar raddfa leol, genedlaethol neu fyd-eang, ac i ddeall effeithiau anghydraddoldeb ac anghyﬁawnder (o Gam cynnydd 3  ymlaen)

en-gb	• opportunities to engage with groups, organisations and businesses when planning and taking social action
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ymwneud â grwpiau, sefydliadau a busnesau fel rhan o’r broses o gynllunio a chymryd camau gweithredu cymdeithasol

en-gb	• exploring local, national and international groups, organisations and businesses and the ways they are responsible for and respond to the challenges and opportunities faced by their locality, Wales and the wider world
cy-gb	• archwilio grwpiau, sefydliadau a busnesau lleol, cenedlaethol a rhyngwladol a’r ffyrdd  y maent yn achosi ac yn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd a wynebir gan eu hardal leol,  Cymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• opportunities to be enterprising and develop entrepreneurial skills.
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i fod yn ﬂaengar a meithrin sgiliau entrepreneuraidd.

en-gb	Learners need to know:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr wybod:

en-gb	• the different contexts in which inequality can exist, such as in gender, sexuality and race contexts
cy-gb	• y gwahanol gyd-destunau lle y gall anghydraddoldeb fodoli, megis cyd-destunau rhywedd, rhywioldeb a hil

en-gb	• the difference between injustice and inequality
cy-gb	• y gwahaniaeth rhwng anghyﬁawnder ac anghydraddoldeb

en-gb	• the causes and consequences of injustice and inequality
cy-gb	• am achosion a chanlyniadau anghyﬁawnder ac anghydraddoldeb

en-gb	• the importance of diversity and how diversity shouldn’t result in injustice or inequality
cy-gb	• pwysigrwydd amrywiaeth a’r ffaith na ddylai amrywiaeth arwain at anghyﬁawnder nac anghydraddoldeb

en-gb	• about human rights, including that children have human rights and that these are set out in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)
cy-gb	• am hawliau dynol, gan gynnwys bod gan blant hawliau a bod y rhain wedi eu diogelu yng Nghonfensiwn y Cenhedloedd Unedig ar Hawliau’r Plentyn (CCUHP)

en-gb	• the importance of respecting the rights of others
cy-gb	• pwysigrwydd parchu hawliau pobl eraill

en-gb	• the challenges to human rights on a local, national and global scale in the past and present
cy-gb	• am yr heriau i hawliau dynol ar lefel leol, genedlaethol a byd-eang yn y presennol a’r gorffennol

en-gb	• a range of ways in which social change has been effected in the past, and how these changes have impacted on people’s lives
cy-gb	• am ystod o ffyrdd y gwnaed newidiadau cymdeithasol yn y gorffennol, a’r modd y mae’r newidiadau hyn wedi effeithio ar fywyd pobl

en-gb	• the interconnections between challenges and opportunities facing themselves, Wales and the wider world
cy-gb	• y rhyng-gysylltiadau rhwng yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n eu hwynebu nhw, Cymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• the power and authority of local, national, and global governance, and of non-government organisations, such as in environmental issues and in protecting or denying human rights
cy-gb	• am rym ac awdurdod sefydliadau llywodraethol ac anllywodraethol lleol, cenedlaethol a byd-eang, megis mewn materion amgylcheddol ac wrth ddiogelu neu atal hawliau dynol

en-gb	• the use and misuse of power, including conﬂict, democracy, the imbalance of power between rich and poor countries, the signiﬁcance of national and international organisations
cy-gb	• am ddefnyddio a chamddefnyddio grym, gan gynnwys gwrthdaro, democratiaeth,  yr anghydbwysedd grym rhwng gwledydd cyfoethog a gwledydd tlawd, arwyddocâd  sefydliadau cenedlaethol a rhyngwladol

en-gb	• the changing local, national and international economies, including how technology can have economic impact
cy-gb	• am economïau lleol, cenedlaethol a rhyngwladol cyfnewidiol, gan gynnwys sut gall technoleg gael effaith economaidd

en-gb	• their own and others’ environmental role and responsibility in creating a sustainable future
cy-gb	• am eu rôl a’u cyfrifoldeb amgylcheddol nhw eu hunain a phobl eraill yn y broses o greu dyfodol cynaliadwy

en-gb	• about the beliefs, teachings and practices that inﬂuence social action.
cy-gb	• am rai credoau, dysgeidiaethau ac arferion sy’n dylanwadau ar weithredu cymdeithasol.

en-gb	Learners need to know how to and be able to:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr allu a gwybod sut i:

en-gb	• utilise their enterprising attitudes and skills through planning and participating in a range of events
cy-gb	• ddefnyddio eu hagweddau a’u sgiliau blaengar drwy gynllunio a chymryd rhan mewn amrywiaeth o ddigwyddiadau

en-gb	• plan, participate in and evaluate their social action in response to challenges and opportunities locally, nationally and globally.
cy-gb	• cynllunio, cymryd rhan mewn a gwerthuso eu gweithredu cymdeithasol mewn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn lleol, yn genedlaethol ac yn fyd-eang.

en-gb	Progression step 5
cy-gb	Cam cynnydd 5

en-gb	Learners need to experience:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr broﬁ:

en-gb	• opportunities to discuss and respond to past, contemporary and anticipated challenges and opportunities in Wales and the wider world
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i drafod ac ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd y gorffennol, y presennol a’r dyfodol yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	 • opportunities to plan and participate in social action in response to challenges and opportunities locally, nationally and globally
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i gynllunio a chymryd rhan mewn gweithredu cymdeithasol mewn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd yn lleol, yn genedlaethol ac yn fyd-eang

en-gb	• opportunities to demonstrate care, responsibility, concern and respect when considering the challenges and opportunities that face humanity, including the sustainability of the planet
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ddangos gofal, cyfrifoldeb, pryder a pharch wrth ystyried yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n wynebu dynoliaeth, gan gynnwys cynaliadwyedd y blaned

en-gb	• opportunities to develop a sense of empathy with people on a local, national or global scale, and to understand the impacts of inequality and injustice
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i feithrin ymdeimlad o empathi gyda phobl ar raddfa leol, genedlaethol neu fyd-eang, ac i ddeall effeithiau anghydraddoldeb ac anghyﬁawnder

en-gb	• opportunities to engage with groups, organisations and businesses when planning and taking social action
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i ymwneud â grwpiau, sefydliadau a busnesau fel rhan o’r broses o gynllunio a chymryd camau gweithredu cymdeithasol

en-gb	• exploring local, national and international groups, organisations and businesses and the ways they are responsible for and respond to the challenges and opportunities faced by their locality, Wales and the wider world 
cy-gb	• archwilio grwpiau, sefydliadau a busnesau lleol, cenedlaethol a rhyngwladol a’r ffyrdd  y maent yn achosi ac yn ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd a wynebir gan eu hardal leol,  Cymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• opportunities to be enterprising and develop entrepreneurial skills.
cy-gb	• cyﬂeoedd i fod yn ﬂaengar a meithrin sgiliau entrepreneuraidd.

en-gb	Learners need to know:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr wybod:

en-gb	• the underlying causes of poverty and inequality and how they relate to policies, power and systems
cy-gb	• am achosion sylfaenol tlodi ac anghydraddoldeb a’u perthynas â pholisïau, grym a systemau

en-gb	• the differing views on poverty, inequality and injustice
cy-gb	• y gwahanol safbwyntiau ar dlodi, anghydraddoldeb ac anghyﬁanwder

en-gb	• the consequences of national and international initiatives to tackle poverty and inequality
cy-gb	• am ganlyniadau mentrau cenedlaethol a rhyngwladol i fynd i’r afael â thlodi ac anghydraddoldeb

en-gb	• the underlying causes of past and contemporary human and children’s rights violations, and the political, legal, socio-cultural, religious and economic factors that support or undermine human rights in Wales and the wider world 
cy-gb	• am achosion sylfaenol enghreifftiau o dreisio hawliau dynol a hawliau plant yn y gorffennol ac yn y presennol, a’r ffactorau gwleidyddol, cyfreithiol, cymdeithasol-ddiwylliannol, crefyddol ac economaidd sy’n ategu neu’n tanseilio hawliau dynol yng Nghymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• about human rights, including that children have human rights and that these are set out in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)
cy-gb	• am hawliau dynol, gan gynnwys bod gan blant hawliau a bod y rhain wedi eu diogelu yng Nghonfensiwn y Cenhedloedd Unedig ar Hawliau’r Plentyn (CCUHP)

en-gb	• the challenges to human rights on a local, national and global scale in the past and present 
cy-gb	• am yr heriau i hawliau dynol ar raddfa leol, genedlaethol a byd-eang yn y gorffennol a’r presennol

en-gb	• the causes and nature of the challenges and opportunities facing themselves, Wales and the wider world 
cy-gb	• am achosion a natur yr heriau a’r cyﬂeoedd sy’n eu hwynebu nhw, Cymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• the connections between complex past, contemporary and anticipated challenges and opportunities facing themselves, Wales and the wider world 
cy-gb	• y cysylltiadau rhwng yr heriau a chyﬂeoedd cymhleth yn y gorffennol, y presennol a’r dyfodol a wynebwyd, ac a wynebir, ganddynt eu hunain, Cymru a’r byd ehangach

en-gb	• the range of ways in which social change has been effected in the past, and how these have led to signiﬁcant impacts upon societies and communities
cy-gb	• am yr ystod o ffyrdd y gwnaed newidiadau cymdeithasol yn y gorffennol, a’r modd y mae’r rhain wedi cael effeithiau arwyddocaol ar gymdeithasau a chymunedau

en-gb	• the importance of the role of individuals, including themselves, and the role of groups, including governments, businesses and non-government organisations, in the creation of a sustainable future
cy-gb	• pwysigrwydd rôl unigolion, gan gynnwys nhw eu hunain, a rôl grwpiau, gan gynnwys llywodraethau, busnesau a sefydliadau anllywodraethol, yn y gwaith o greu dyfodol cynaliadwy

en-gb	• how individuals, groups and organisations can collaborate when responding to challenges and opportunities
cy-gb	• y modd y gall unigolion, grwpiau a sefydliadau gydweithio wrth ymateb i heriau a chyﬂeoedd

en-gb	 • how the expansion of power and inﬂuence of countries or organisations may impact on the  cultures, attitudes and experiences of those involved
cy-gb	• y modd y gall ehangu grym a dylanwad gwledydd neu sefydliadau effeithio ar ddiwylliannau, agweddau a phroﬁadau’r rheini dan sylw

en-gb	• how they can contribute to the world of work and the economy
cy-gb	• y modd y gallant gyfrannu at y byd gwaith a’r economi

en-gb	• how morals, ethics, religion and world views affect people’s responses to challenges and opportunities and their engagement in social action.
cy-gb	• y modd y mae moesau, moesegau, crefydd a bydolygon yn effeithio ar ymatebion i heriau a chyﬂeoedd, ac ar gamau gweithredu cymdeithasol.

en-gb	Learners need to know how to and be able to:
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddysgwyr allu a gwybod sut i:

en-gb	• utilise their enterprising attitudes and skills through planning and participating in a wide range of events, and evaluate the effectiveness of their own role
cy-gb	• ddefnyddio eu hagweddau a’u sgiliau blaengar drwy gynllunio a chymryd rhan mewn amrywiaeth eang o ddigwyddiadau, a gwerthuso effeithiolrwydd eu rôl nhw eu hunain

en-gb	• utilise their social and political literacy to build a conscious understanding of their own role and their responsibilities towards others and towards the environment
cy-gb	• defnyddio eu llythrennedd cymdeithasol a gwleidyddol i feithrin dealltwriaeth gydwybodol o’u rôl a’u cyfrifoldebau tuag at eraill a thuag at yr amgylchedd

en-gb	• respond sensitively to diverse perspectives and cultural norms.
cy-gb	• dangos sensitifrwydd tuag at bersbectifau gwahanol a normau diwylliannol.

en-gb	Glossary Draft Curriculum for Wales 2022: 
cy-gb	Geirfa Cwricwlwm Drafft i Gymru 2022: 

en-gb	Humanities 82
cy-gb	Dyniaethau 85

en-gb	GLOSSARY
cy-gb	GEIRFA

en-gb	Draft Curriculum for Wales 2022: 
cy-gb	Cwricwlwm Drafft i Gymru 2022: 

en-gb	Humanities 84
cy-gb	Dyniaethau 88

en-gb	© Crown copyright 2019   WG35002 Mae’r ddogfen yma hefyd ar gael yn Gymraeg. 
cy-gb	© Hawlfraint y Goron 2019   WG35002