en-gb	Living with Persistent Pain in Wales 
cy-gb	Byw gyda Phoen Parhaus yng Nghymru 

en-gb	Contents 
cy-gb	Cynnwys 

en-gb	Executive Summary
cy-gb	Crynodeb gweithredol

en-gb	Contents 
cy-gb	Cynnwys 

en-gb	Part 1: 
cy-gb	Rhan 1: 

en-gb	Living with Pain 
cy-gb	Byw gyda phoen 

en-gb	Part 2: 
cy-gb	Rhan 2: 

en-gb	Evidence base 
cy-gb	Y sylfaen dystiolaeth 

en-gb	Part 3: 
cy-gb	Rhan 3: 

en-gb	The way forward 
cy-gb	Y ffordd ymlaen 

en-gb	Part 4: 
cy-gb	Rhan 4: 

en-gb	Prudent Health and Care 
cy-gb	Iechyd a gofal darbodus 

en-gb	Part 5: 
cy-gb	Rhan 5: 

en-gb	Supported Self-Management  
cy-gb	Hunanreoli gyda chymorth 

en-gb	Part 6: 
cy-gb	Rhan 6: 

en-gb	Health Service Provision 
cy-gb	Darpariaeth gwasanaeth iechyd 

en-gb	Annex 1: 
cy-gb	Atodiad 1: 

en-gb	Individual Stories 
cy-gb	Storïau unigol 

en-gb	Annex 2: 
cy-gb	Atodiad 2: 

en-gb	Acknowledgements & References Executive Summary 
cy-gb	Cydnabyddiaethau a chyfeiriadau Crynodeb gweithredol 

en-gb	In 2008, the Welsh Government published the Designed for People with Chronic Conditions ,  Chronic Non-Malignant Pain Directive. 
cy-gb	Yn 2008, cyhoeddodd Llywodraeth Cymru y Gyfarwyddeb ar gyfer Poen Anfalaen Cronig - Cynllun ar gyfer Pobl â Chyflyrau Cronig .

en-gb	This Directive committed the NHS in Wales to an evidence-based multi-disciplinary service provision, underpinned by national and professional standards, which were required in order to address the needs of the people in pain in the 21st Century. 
cy-gb	Roedd y gyfarwyddeb hon yn ei gwneud yn ofynnol i GIG Cymru ddarparu gwasanaethau amlddisgyblaethol yn seiliedig ar dystiolaeth ac wedi'i ategu gan safonau cenedlaethol a phroffesiynol, a oedd yn ofynnol er mwyn mynd i'r afael ag anghenion y bobl sydd mewn poen yn y 21fed ganrif. 

en-gb	Following the introduction of new approaches to health care within Wales, the Welsh Government, clinical and academic partners and service users have collaborated to produce guidance relating to persistent pain provisions.   
cy-gb	Yn dilyn cyflwyno dulliau gweithredu newydd yn y maes iechyd yng Nghymru, mae Llywodraeth Cymru, partneriaid clinigol ac academaidd, a defnyddwyr gwasanaeth wedi gweithio ar y cyd i greu canllawiau o ran darpariaethau ar gyfer poen parhaus.   

en-gb	This guidance aims to provide advice to those experiencing persistent pain and their families, and health and social care professionals. 
cy-gb	Diben y canllaw hwn yw rhoi cyngor i'r rhai sy'n profi poen parhaus a'u teuluoedd, yn ogystal â gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol. 

en-gb	Introduction 
cy-gb	Cyflwyniad 

en-gb	In previous documentation, the Welsh Government and NHS in Wales have used the term chronic pain. For the purposes of this guidance, the term chronic pain has been replaced with “persistent pain”, as it believed this terminology will help the public to better understand the condition.  
cy-gb	Mewn dogfennau blaenorol, mae Llywodraeth Cymru a GIG Cymru wedi defnyddio'r term poen cronig , ond penderfynwyd defnyddio’r term "poen parhaus" yn y canllawiau hyn oherwydd ein bod yn meddwl y bydd hynny’n helpu’r cyhoedd i ddeall y cyflwr yn well.   

en-gb	Persistent pain is described as pain that continues for more than twelve weeks . 
cy-gb	Disgrifir poen parhaus fel poen sy'n para’n hirach na deuddeg wythnos.

en-gb	Persistent pain can affect anyone of any age, at any time and is a significant health problem for a substantial proportion of the population. 
cy-gb	Gall poen parhaus effeithio ar unrhyw un o unrhyw oedran, ar unrhyw adeg, ac mae'n broblem iechyd arwyddocaol ar gyfer cyfran sylweddol o'r boblogaeth. 

en-gb	It is estimated that between 11% and 20% of adults are affected , with symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to debilitating pain.  
cy-gb	Amcangyfrifir bod rhwng 11% a 20% o oedolion yn cael eu heffeithio,  gyda symptomau sy'n amrywio o anghysur ysgafn i boen gwanychol. 

en-gb	Useful Definitions and Glossary [online] https://www.britishpainsociety.org/people - with - pain/useful - definitions - and glossary/ (accessed on 22 January 2018) 
cy-gb	Useful Definitions and Glossary [ar-lein] https://www.britishpainsociety.org/people - with - pain/useful - definitions and - glossary/ (cyrchwyd ar 22 Ionawr 2018) 

en-gb	Parsons, G and others: 
cy-gb	Parsons, G ac eraill: 

en-gb	Chronic Pain Service Provision in Wales: Five years after the launch of Design for Pain. 2014 http://www.welshpainsociety.org.uk/documents/cpspiw.pdf (accessed on 22 January 2018) 
cy-gb	Chronic Pain Service Provision in Wales:Five years after the launch of Design for Pain (2014) http://www.welshpainsociety.org.uk/documents/cpspiw.pdf (cyrchwyd ar 22 Ionawr 2018) 

en-gb	Living with persistent pain can negatively impact on a person’s quality of life and ability to function, not only physically, but also psychologically, socially and economically. 
cy-gb	Gall byw gyda phoen parhaus gael effaith negyddol ar ansawdd bywyd unigolyn a'i allu i weithredu, nid yn unig yn gorfforol ond yn seicolegol, yn gymdeithasol, ac yn economaidd hefyd. 

en-gb	It can limit potential wellbeing, lower self-esteem, increase co-morbidities due to inactivity, have adverse effects on relationships and work, and be associated with feelings of shame and guilt.  
cy-gb	Mae'n gallu cyfyngu ar les posibl, lleihau hunan-barch, cynyddu cydafiachedd o ganlyniad i anweithgarwch, effeithio'n andwyol ar berthnasau a gwaith, a bod yn gysylltiedig â theimladau o gywilydd ac euogrwydd.  

en-gb	This guidance aims to signpost people living with persistent pain and healthcare professionals to relevant provisions and support available, as well as highlight common issues and examples of best practice.  
cy-gb	Nod y canllawiau hyn yw cyfeirio pobl sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus a gweithwyr iechyd proffesiynol at ddarpariaethau a chymorth perthnasol sydd ar gael, yn ogystal â thynnu sylw at broblemau cyffredin ac enghreifftiau o arfer gorau.  

en-gb	Who is this guidance for? 
cy-gb	At bwy mae'r canllawiau hyn wedi'u hanelu? 

en-gb	This guidance is for those experiencing persistent pain and their families, and health and social care professionals.  
cy-gb	Mae'r canllawiau hyn ar gyfer y rhai sy'n profi poen parhaus a'u teuluoedd, yn ogystal â gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol.  

en-gb	It aims to support the design, planning and management of services, provide greater understanding of the different approaches available for the management of persistent pain, and optimal approaches health and social care professionals should use when offering care and management to anyone living with persistent pain. 
cy-gb	Eu nod yw cefnogi'r gwaith o lunio, cynllunio a rheoli gwasanaethau, ynghyd â chynnig dealltwriaeth well o'r dulliau gwahanol sydd ar gael ar gyfer rheoli poen parhaus a'r dulliau gorau y dylai gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol eu defnyddio pan fyddant yn cynnig gofal a rheolaeth i unrhyw un sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus. 

en-gb	It should enable existing services to quality assure their service and develop appropriate management options as needed. 
cy-gb	Dylent alluogi gwasanaethau sydd eisoes yn bodoli i sicrhau ansawdd eu gwasanaeth a datblygu opsiynau rheoli priodol yn ôl yr angen. 

en-gb	What does this guidance do? 
cy-gb	Beth mae’r canllawiau hyn yn eu gwneud? 

en-gb	This guidance provides general signposting for individuals to help consider the choice of effective approaches and enable them to make informed decisions about their care and support. 
cy-gb	Mae'r canllawiau hyn yn cynnig arweiniad cyffredinol i helpu unigolion i ystyried y dewis o ran dulliau effeithiol a'u galluogi i wneud penderfyniadau gwybodus o ran eu gofal a'u cymorth. 

en-gb	An overarching aim is to support anyone living with persistent pain to take control of managing their own long term condition where possible, actively engage and choose the approach(es) most effective in the management of their pain. 
cy-gb	Nod cyffredin yw cefnogi unrhyw un sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus i reoli ei gyflwr hirdymor ei hun lle bo hynny'n bosibl, ymgysylltu'n weithredol, a dewis y dull (neu ddulliau) sydd fwyaf effeithiol wrth reoli ei boen. 

en-gb	It also provides a focus for Welsh health boards and other authorities to improve the range and quality of services for people living with persistent pain, and signposting to information and the current policies and direction of health and social care in Wales.
cy-gb	Maent hefyd yn cynnig ffocws ar gyfer byrddau iechyd Cymru ac awdurdodau eraill i wella amrywiaeth ac ansawdd y gwasanaethau ar gyfer pobl sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus, ac yn cyfeirio at wybodaeth a pholisïau a chyfeiriad cyfredol iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol yng Nghymru.

en-gb	Policy context in Wales 
cy-gb	Cyd-destun polisi yng Nghymru 

en-gb	Prosperity for All  is Welsh Governments’ National Strategy. 
cy-gb	Ffyniant i Bawb  yw strategaeth genedlaethol Llywodraeth Cymru. 

en-gb	It sets out the Government’s aims and provides clarity about the changes it wants to make in Wales and how it wants government and delivery partners to be part of a new approach to delivering priorities.
cy-gb	Mae'n amlinellu nodau'r Llywodraeth ac yn cynnig eglurder o ran y newidiadau y mae'n dymuno eu gwneud yng Nghymru a sut mae'n dymuno i bartneriaid y llywodraeth a phartneriaid cyflenwi fod yn rhan o ddull newydd mewn perthynas â chyflawni blaenoriaethau.

en-gb	http://gov.wales/about/programme - for - government/?lang=en
cy-gb	http://gov.wales/about/programme - for - government/?skip=1&lang=cy

en-gb	The Well-being of Future Generations (WBFG) Act 2015  acknowledges the contribution that everyone can make to the shared goals for Wales and provides a basis for creating a different kind of public service in Wales. 
cy-gb	Mae Deddf Llesiant Cenedlaethau'r Dyfodol (Cymru) 2015  yn cydnabod y cyfraniad y gall pawb ei wneud at y nodau a rennir ar gyfer Cymru, ac mae'n cynnig sail o ran creu gwasanaeth cyhoeddus gwahanol yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	The heart of this strategy is a recognition that public services and third sector partners want to work together towards common objectives, to focus on the needs of people, at all stages of their lives and in all parts of Wales.
cy-gb	Craidd y strategaeth hon yw cydnabod bod gwasanaethau cyhoeddus a phartneriaid y trydydd sector am weithio ar y cyd tuag at gyflawni nodau cyffredin, gan ganolbwyntio ar anghenion y bobl, ym mhob cam o'u bywydau ac ym mhob rhan o Gymru.

en-gb	http://gov.wales/topics/people - and - communities/people/future - generations - act/?lang=en
cy-gb	http://gov.wales/topics/people - and - communities/people/future - generations - act//?lang=cy

en-gb	In September 2017 the Welsh Government published a Well - being Statement 2017 ,  setting out in more detail how the Well-being of Future Generations Act will contribute to the seven wellbeing goals for Wales. 
cy-gb	Ym mis Medi 2017, cyhoeddodd Llywodraeth Cymru Ddatganiad Llesiant 2017 , a oedd yn nodi'n fanylach sut y bydd Deddf Llesiant Cenedlaethau'r Dyfodol yn cyfrannu at y saith nod llesiant ar gyfer Cymru. 

en-gb	The Parliamentary Review of Health and Social Care in Wales published its report in January 2018. 
cy-gb	Cyhoeddodd yr Adolygiad Seneddol o Iechyd a Gofal Cymdeithasol yng Nghymru ei adroddiad ym mis Ionawr 2018. 

en-gb	The report recommends actions should be framed around delivering the Quadruple Aim: 
cy-gb	Mae'r adroddiad yn argymell y dylai camau gweithredu gael eu llunio o amgylch cyflawni'r Nod Pedwarplyg: 

en-gb	Improving the health and wellbeing of the population; 
cy-gb	gwella iechyd a llesiant y boblogaeth; 

en-gb	improving the experience and quality of care for individuals and their families; 
cy-gb	gwella profiad ac ansawdd y gofal ar gyfer unigolion a'u teuluoedd; 

en-gb	improving the wellbeing and engagement of the workforce; 
cy-gb	gwella llesiant ac ymgysylltiad y gweithlu; 

en-gb	increasing the value achieved from the resources that are invested in services.  
cy-gb	cynyddu'r gwerth a geir o'r adnoddau sy'n cael eu buddsoddi mewn gwasanaethau.  

en-gb	The report recommends bold new models of care with services organised around the individual and their family, as close to home as possible. 
cy-gb	Mae'r adroddiad yn argymell modelau gofal mentrus newydd gyda gwasanaethau sydd wedi'u trefnu o amgylch yr unigolyn a'i deulu, mor agos â phosib at eu cartref. 

en-gb	It also emphasises that services need to be preventative, easy to access and of high quality.  
cy-gb	Mae hefyd yn pwysleisio bod angen i wasanaethau fod yn ataliol, yn hawdd cael mynediad atynt, ac o ansawdd uchel.  

en-gb	They also need to be seamless, and delivered without artificial barriers. 
cy-gb	Mae angen iddynt fod yn ddi-dor hefyd, a chael eu darparu heb rwystrau artiffisial. 

en-gb	Part 1: 
cy-gb	Rhan 1: 

en-gb	Living with Pain 
cy-gb	Byw gyda phoen 

en-gb	Persistent pain can affect a person of any age and may be caused or precipitated by a wide range of conditions. 
cy-gb	Gall poen parhaus effeithio ar rywun o unrhyw oedran, a gall gael ei achosi neu ei ysgogi gan ystod eang o gyflyrau. 

en-gb	Many people affected by persistent pain begin a journey of tests, investigations and surgical or medical interventions. 
cy-gb	Mae llawer o bobl sy'n dioddef poen parhaus yn dechrau ar gyfres o brofion, archwiliadau, ac ymyriadau llawdriniaethol neu feddygol. 

en-gb	Often this becomes repeated visits to GPs and various specialists, looking for explanations and a cure, which sometimes can be unattainable. 
cy-gb	Yn aml, bydd hyn yn arwain at ymweliadau niferus â meddygon teulu ac arbenigwyr amrywiol, gyda'r nod o gael esboniad a gwellhad, sydd weithiau'n amhosibl. 

en-gb	Whilst it is vital to investigate newly presenting pain and exclude causes which require specific treatment such as physical therapy, surgical or medical care, it is equally important to enable a person living with pain, and their health provider/professional, to move on beyond the medical model when investigations have not shown a cause, have excluded sinister processes, or when other interventions have not provided any benefit.  
cy-gb	Wrth gwrs, mae’n hanfodol ymchwilio i boen newydd sy'n codi, a nodi unrhyw achosion sydd angen triniaeth benodol fel therapi corfforol, gofal llawdriniaethol neu ofal meddygol. Ond, mae'r un mor bwysig i alluogi unigolyn sy'n byw gyda phoen, a'i ddarparwr gofal iechyd / gweithiwr iechyd proffesiynol, i symud ymlaen y tu hwnt i'r model meddygol pan nad yw'r archwiliadau wedi dod o hyd i achos, pan nad oes prosesau sinistr wedi’u darganfod, neu pan nad yw ymyriadau eraill wedi helpu o gwbl.  

en-gb	 It may be difficult for a person to accept their pain is not ‘curable’ in the medically modelled sense, but nevertheless they can still move forward. 
cy-gb	Gall fod yn anodd i unigolyn dderbyn nad oes modd gwella ei boen drwy dechnegau meddygol, ond, serch hynny, mae’n dal yn bosibl iddo symud ymlaen. 

en-gb	Sometimes a person with persistent pain may become stuck in a routine of repeat interventions, on high doses of pain killers which are ineffective but which give unwanted side effects. 
cy-gb	Weithiau gall unigolyn sydd â phoen parhaus gael ei ddal mewn patrwm o ymyriadau ailadroddus, ar ddosau uchel o boenladdwyr nad ydynt yn effeithiol ond sy'n dod ag effeithiau digroeso. 

en-gb	A person with persistent pain in any situation can benefit from a pain management approach where he or she can understand more about their pain and strategies that can be helpful in improving quality of life.
cy-gb	Gall unigolyn sydd â phoen parhaus mewn unrhyw sefyllfa elwa ar ddull o reoli poen lle mae ef neu hi'n gallu deall mwy ynglŷn â'i boen a strategaethau a allai fod yn ddefnyddiol o ran gwella ansawdd bywyd.

en-gb	Context of current services 
cy-gb	Cyd-destun y gwasanaethau presennol 

en-gb	People with persistent pain can require varying levels of care services at different times. 
cy-gb	Gall lefelau gwahanol o wasanaethau gofal fod yn ofynnol ar adegau gwahanol ar gyfer pobl sydd â phoen parhaus. 

en-gb	The spectrum of pain experienced ranges significantly from low risk, where an individual can deal with their own pain as a manageable condition with continued support, to higher risk individuals who require complex case management programmes. 
cy-gb	Mae sbectrwm y poen a brofir yn amrywio'n sylweddol o risg isel, lle mae unigolyn yn gallu ymdopi â'i boen ei hun fel cyflwr y gellir ei reoli gyda chefnogaeth barhaus, i unigolion sydd â risg uwch y mae angen rhaglenni rheoli achosion cymhleth arnynt. 

en-gb	Persistent pain Services:  
cy-gb	Gwasanaethau ar gyfer poen parhaus: 

en-gb	Population Requirements  
cy-gb	anghenion y boblogaeth 

en-gb	Lived experiences 
cy-gb	Profiadau unigolion 

en-gb	The experience of living with persistent pain is individual to every person.  
cy-gb	Mae'r profiad o fyw gyda phoen parhaus yn unigryw i bob unigolyn.  

en-gb	Reflecting on the experiences of those living with persistent pain is integral to understand how best to offer treatment.  
cy-gb	Mae ystyried profiadau'r rhai sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus yn hanfodol er mwyn deall y ffordd orau o gynnig triniaeth.  

en-gb	Constructive conversations  
cy-gb	Sgyrsiau adeiladol 

en-gb	Health providers/professionals and those living with persistent pain need to engage in constructive conversations to agree expectations, needs and goals. 
cy-gb	Mae angen i ddarparwyr gofal iechyd/gweithwyr iechyd proffesiynol a'r bobl hynny sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus gael sgyrsiau adeiladol i gytuno ar ddisgwyliadau, anghenion a nodau. 

en-gb	Being heard 
cy-gb	Cael eich clywed 

en-gb	Individuals living with persistent pain repeatedly highlight a feeling of not being heard by their health professional. 
cy-gb	Mae unigolion sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus yn tynnu sylw dro ar ôl dro at y teimlad nad yw eu gweithiwr iechyd proffesiynol yn gwrando arnynt. 

en-gb	Whether perceived or real, this is identified as a major contributor when people with persistent pain report whether their management was helpful.  
cy-gb	P'un a yw hynny'n ganfyddiad neu'n wir, nodir ei fod yn cyfrannu'n sylweddol pan fydd pobl sydd â phoen parhaus yn adrodd ynghylch a oedd y ffordd y cafodd eu cyflwr ei reoli yn ddefnyddiol.  

en-gb	Comprehensive assessment of need and risk 
cy-gb	Asesiad cynhwysfawr o'r angen a'r risg 

en-gb	Targeted conversations are imperative during every stage of managing pain to determine the health of the individual, potential risk factors leading to reduced health, as well as any issues with the access to and quality of services to address needs.  
cy-gb	Mae sgyrsiau a dargedir yn hanfodol yn ystod pob cam sy'n ymwneud â rheoli poen er mwyn penderfynu ar iechyd yr unigolyn a ffactorau risg posibl sy'n gallu gwaethygu iechyd, yn ogystal ag unrhyw faterion o ran mynediad at ac ansawdd y gwasanaethau sy'n ymateb i'r anghenion.  

en-gb	Safely reducing ineffective medication 
cy-gb	Lleihau meddyginiaeth aneffeithiol yn ddiogel 

en-gb	It is crucial health and social care professionals enable people with persistent pain to plan the process of reducing or stopping medications that are no longer providing a benefit or potentially causing harm whenever applicable.  
cy-gb	Mae'n hanfodol bod gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol yn galluogi pobl sydd â phoen barhaus i gynllunio'r broses o leihau neu roi'r gorau i feddyginiaethau nad ydynt bellach yn helpu neu a allai fod yn achosi niwed, lle bynnag bo hynny'n berthnasol.  

en-gb	Careful language and sensitive communication  
cy-gb	Iaith ofalus a chyfathrebu ystyriol 

en-gb	It is important health providers/professionals are alert to how phrases may be interpreted, and maintain sensitive and non-judgemental language. 
cy-gb	Mae'n bwysig bod darparwyr gofal iechyd/gweithwyr iechyd proffesiynol yn effro o ran sut y gall ymadroddion gael eu dehongli, gan sicrhau bod yr iaith a ddefnyddir yn ystyriol ac nad yw'n feirniadol. 

en-gb	Being clear on the cause of people’s pain and being clear and consistent when operations or interventions are not required will help people better understand their conditions. 
cy-gb	Bydd bod yn glir o ran yr hyn sy'n achosi poen pobl a bod yn glir a chyson pan na fydd angen llawdriniaethau neu ymyriadau yn helpu pobl i ddeall eu cyflyrau yn well. 

en-gb	It is important to be aware how people  with persistent pain may interpret phrases such as ‘your spine is crumbling’ or ‘it’s full of arthritis’, ‘you’ve got a trapped nerve’, or ‘your discs have gone’, and to avoid terms that individuals might find unhelpful, and damaging to their self-identity and feeling of control. 
cy-gb	Mae'n bwysig bod yn effro o ran sut y gallai pobl sydd â phoen parhaus ddehongli negeseuon megis 'mae eich asgwrn cefn yn chwalu'n friwsion' neu 'mae'n llawn arthritis', 'mae gennych nerf wedi'i wasgu', neu 'mae eich disgiau wedi mynd', a cheisio osgoi termau efallai na fyddant o fudd i unigolion ac yn niweidiol i'w syniad ohonynt eu hunain a'u teimlad o reolaeth. 

en-gb	Metaphors should not be used. 
cy-gb	Ni ddylid defnyddio trosiadau. 

en-gb	Diagnostic tests may identify a cause for persistent pain but not all tests are definitive, for instance many people have prolapsed discs but experience no pain. 
cy-gb	Gall profion diagnostig ddod o hyd i'r hyn sy'n achosi poen parhaus ond nid yw'r holl brofion yn gwbl bendant – er enghraifft, mae gan lawer o bobl ddisgiau allwthiol ond nid ydynt yn profi unrhyw boen. 

en-gb	Clear and consistent information needs to be provided when there is no effective specific medical or surgical intervention to help enable a person with persistent pain to move on and engage with activities that help them manage their own pain. 
cy-gb	Mae angen rhoi gwybodaeth glir a chyson pan nad oes unrhyw ymyrraeth feddygol neu lawdriniaethol penodol sy’n effeithiol ar gael, er mwyn helpu i alluogi unigolyn sydd â phoen parhaus i symud ymlaen a gwneud gweithgareddau sy'n helpu iddo reoli ei boen ei hun. 

en-gb	Often the issues raised by people living with persistent pain are complex, but by providing an opportunity for their stories to be heard, the Royal College of General Practioner’s  provided evidence of some constant themes: 
cy-gb	Mae'r problemau a godir gan bobl sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus yn aml yn gymhleth, ond drwy gynnig cyfle iddynt fynegi eu storïau, darparodd Coleg Brenhinol yr Ymarferwyr Cyffredinol dystiolaeth o rai themâu cyson: 

en-gb	Johnson, M and others: 
cy-gb	Johnson, M ac eraill: 

en-gb	Pain Management Services: 
cy-gb	Pain Management Services: 

en-gb	Planning for the Future. 2013. [online]  http://www.rcgp.org.uk/ - /media/Files/CIRC/Chronic - pain/RCGP - Commissioning - Pain - Management - Services - Jan -.ashx?la=en (accessed on 22 January 2018) 
cy-gb	Planning for the Future (2013) [ar-lein]  http://www.rcgp.org.uk/ /media/Files/CIRC/Chronic - pain/RCGP - Commissioning - Pain - Management - Services - Jan - 14.ashx?la=en (cyrchwyd ar 22 Ionawr 2018) 

en-gb	There are certain cultural challenges regarding the general idea of illness, namely an expectation of receiving a medical diagnosis and cure. 
cy-gb	Mae rhai heriau diwylliannol o ran y syniad cyffredinol o salwch, sef disgwyl cael diagnosis meddygol a gwellhad. 

en-gb	Not feeling believed can have an impact on a person’s participation in everyday life. 
cy-gb	Gall teimlo fel nad yw pobl yn eich credu effeithio ar gyfranogiad unigolyn mewn bywyd bob dydd. 

en-gb	For some individuals, such as those living with dementia or who have learning disabilities, communication of pain may be non verbal and practitioners should use appropriate reasonable adjustments to understand that persons situation  
cy-gb	O ran rhai unigolion, megis y rhai sy'n byw â dementia neu sydd ag anableddau dysgu, efallai eu bod yn mynegi eu poen heb ddefnyddio geiriau, a dylai ymarferwyr ddefnyddio addasiadau rhesymol er mwyn deall sefyllfa'r unigolyn hwnnw.  

en-gb	Listening to a person’s story can help to understand the impact of pain. 
cy-gb	Mae gwrando ar stori unigolyn yn gallu helpu i ddeall effaith y poen. 

en-gb	The consideration of more than one condition, or the knock-on effect a persistent condition can have on a persons’ other health factors should be considered. 
cy-gb	Dylid ystyried mwy nag un cyflwr, neu'r effaith y gall cyflwr parhaus ei chael ar ffactorau iechyd eraill unigolyn. 

en-gb	It is important health professionals provide consistent advice. 
cy-gb	Mae'n bwysig i weithwyr iechyd proffesiynol roi cyngor cyson. 

en-gb	Therapeutic Alliance 
cy-gb	Y gynghrair therapiwtig 

en-gb	The relationship between an individual with persistent pain and their healthcare professional has a strong effect, both positively and negatively, on the outcome for the individual. 
cy-gb	Mae'r berthynas rhwng unigolyn sydd â phoen parhaus a'i weithiwr gofal iechyd proffesiynol yn cael effaith gref - yn gadarnhaol ac yn negyddol - ar y canlyniad i’r unigolyn. 

en-gb	It may not be easy to measure or quantify this relationship. 
cy-gb	Efallai na fydd yn hawdd mesur neu feintoli’r berthynas hon. 

en-gb	The King’s Fund   describes numerous ways in which relationships can be measured, including surveys, perception scales and analysis. 
cy-gb	Mae Cronfa'r Brenin  yn disgrifio ffyrdd niferus o fesur perthnasoedd, gan gynnwys arolygon, graddfeydd canfyddiad a dadansoddiadau. 

en-gb	This paper concludes that the following factors help create a strong relationship between healthcare professional and the individual. 
cy-gb	Mae'r papur hwn yn dod i'r casgliad fod y ffactorau canlynol yn helpu i greu perthynas gref rhwng y gweithiwr gofal iechyd proffesiynol a'r unigolyn. 

en-gb	Greenhalgh, T & Heath I. 
cy-gb	Greenhalgh, T a Heath I. 

en-gb	Measuring Quality in a Therapeutic Relationship. 2010 [online] 
cy-gb	Measuring quality in the therapeutic relationship (2010) [ar-lein] 

en-gb	https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/sites/default/files/field/field_document/quality - therapeutic - relationship - gp - inquiry discussion - paper - mar11.pdf (accessed on 22 January 2018) 
cy-gb	https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/sites/default/files/field/field_document/quality - therapeutic - relationship - gp - inquiry discussion - paper - mar11.pdf (cyrchwyd ar 22 Ionawr 2018) 

en-gb	Honesty and realism :  
cy-gb	Gonestrwydd a realaeth  

en-gb	It is important for health and social care professionals to be honest with their patients, even when it involves difficult conversations regarding an unlikely cure and the management of expectations, whilst remaining open-minded about the management of pain through a range of interventions and therapies. 
cy-gb	Mae'n bwysig i weithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol fod yn onest â'u cleifion, hyd yn oed pan fydd yn golygu sgyrsiau anodd mewn perthynas â gwellhad annhebygol a rheoli disgwyliadau, gan barhau i fod â meddwl agored o ran rheoli poen trwy ystod o ymyriadau a therapïau. 

en-gb	Understanding the needs of people with persistent pain is crucial to addressing methods of helping alleviate it.  
cy-gb	Mae deall anghenion pobl sydd â phoen parhaus yn hanfodol er mwyn rhoi sylw i'r dulliau a fydd yn helpu i'w leddfu.  

en-gb	Shared decision making 
cy-gb	Gwneud penderfyniadau ar y cyd 

en-gb	The Health Foundation research  concluded that shared decision making, described as the partnership working regarding treatment and care between people living with pain and health professionals, has a profound effect on patients and service users. 
cy-gb	Daeth ymchwil gan y Sefydliad Iechyd  i'r casgliad fod gwneud penderfyniadau ar y cyd, sef gweithio mewn partneriaeth o ran triniaeth a gofal rhwng pobl sy'n byw gyda phoen a gweithwyr iechyd proffesiynol, yn cael effaith ddofn ar gleifion a defnyddwyr gwasanaeth. 

en-gb	Individuals with persistent pain need to be supported in expressing how pain is impacting on their lives and how to manage their pain.  
cy-gb	Mae angen cymorth ar unigolion sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus i fynegi sut mae poen yn effeithio ar eu bywydau a sut i reoli eu poen.  

en-gb	Better conversations between patients and clinicians, as partners, supported by reliable and relevant information will enable better (shared) decision making for both. 
cy-gb	Bydd sgyrsiau gwell rhwng cleifion a chlinigwyr, fel partneriaid, gyda chefnogaeth gwybodaeth ddibynadwy a pherthnasol, yn caniatáu penderfyniadau gwell (ar y cyd) ar gyfer y ddwy ochr. 

en-gb	The Making Choices Together movement is encouraging those open conversations between patients and their clinicians to make decisions together about the right care for the patient. 
cy-gb	Mae’r mudiad Gwneud Penderfyniadau ar y Cyd yn annog y sgyrsiau agored hynny rhwng cleifion a'u clinigwyr i wneud penderfyniadau ar y cyd o ran y gofal iawn ar gyfer y claf. 

en-gb	Dr Ahmad, N and others. Person-centred Care: From ideas to action. 2014. [online] 
cy-gb	Dr Nahid Ahmad ac eraill, Person-centred care:from ideas to action (2014) [ar-lein] 

en-gb	http://www.health.org.uk/sites/health/files/PersonCentredCareFromIdeasToAction.pdf (accessed 22 January 2018) 
cy-gb	http://www.health.org.uk/sites/health/files/PersonCentredCareFromIdeasToAction.pdf (cyrchwyd ar 22 Ionawr 2018) 

en-gb	Considerations when supporting management of people with long term conditions 
cy-gb	Pethau i'w hystyried wrth gefnogi'r gwaith o reoli pobl sydd â chyflyrau hirdymor 

en-gb	When considering the best path to help people, the upstream determinants of health (factors which effect people earlier in their lives or that a person had little control over) can give pointers to the potential for improvement.   
cy-gb	Wrth ystyried y llwybr gorau i helpu pobl, mae penderfynyddion cychwynnol iechyd (ffactorau sy'n effeithio ar bobl yn gynharach yn eu bywydau neu nad oedd llawer o reolaeth gan unigolyn drostynt) yn gallu rhoi awgrymiadau o ran y posibilrwydd o wella.   

en-gb	Equity and fairness – inequalities in health, and their links with social factors, make a difference. 
cy-gb	Cydraddoldeb a thegwch – mae anghydraddoldebau o ran iechyd, a'u cysylltiadau â ffactorau cymdeithasol, yn gwneud gwahaniaeth. 

en-gb	Being viewed with fairness, although difficult to measure, has potential benefits which should not be underestimated. 
cy-gb	Mae cael eich ystyried â thegwch, er bod hynny’n anodd ei fesur, yn dod â buddion posibl na ddylid eu tanbrisio. 

en-gb	Choice  – The person living with persistent pain has a right to be part of the discussion regarding their health, social care and support needs.  
cy-gb	Dewis  - mae gan yr unigolyn sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus yr hawl i fod yn rhan o'r drafodaeth mewn perthynas â'i anghenion iechyd, gofal cymdeithasol a chymorth. 

en-gb	Democracy  – People need to be actively engaged and provided with access to information. 
cy-gb	Democratiaeth  – mae angen i bobl gymryd rhan weithredol a chael mynediad at wybodaeth. 

en-gb	Stewardship  – Investment is required in the correct areas to maintain and improve vital public resources 
cy-gb	Stiwardiaeth – mae angen buddsoddi yn y meysydd cywir er mwyn cynnal a gwella adnoddau cyhoeddus hanfodol. 

en-gb	Efficiency  – optimal use of evidence based resources to obtain maximum benefit – discussions are required around the effectiveness of interventions and the priority accorded them 
cy-gb	Effeithlonrwydd – y defnydd gorau o adnoddau yn seiliedig ar dystiolaeth i gyflawni'r budd gorau – mae angen trafod effeithiolrwydd ymyriadau a'r flaenoriaeth a roddir iddynt. 

en-gb	Synergy  – people living with persistent pain can work collaboratively and differently to improve their health and well-being. 
cy-gb	Synergedd – gall pobl sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus weithio ar y cyd ac mewn modd gwahanol i wella eu hiechyd a'u lles. 

en-gb	Sustainability  – positive life-style changes need to be sustainable and shown to make improvements  
cy-gb	Cynaliadwyedd – mae angen i newidiadau cadarnhaol o ran ffordd o fyw fod yn gynaliadwy a gallu dangos eu bod yn cyflawni gwelliannau.  

en-gb	Creativity  – exploring the different models of care available to service users 
cy-gb	Creadigrwydd  – archwilio’r modelau gofal gwahanol sydd ar gael i ddefnyddwyr gwasanaeth. 

en-gb	Trauma informed care
cy-gb	Gofal sy'n gysylltiedig â thrawma

en-gb	Mock and Arai 2013 Childhood Trauma and chronic illness in adulthood  Front Psychol . 2010; 
cy-gb	Mock ac Arai (2013), ‘Childhood Trauma and chronic illness in adulthood’, Frontiers in Psychology (2010; 

en-gb	1: 
cy-gb	1: 

en-gb	246. 
cy-gb	246). 

en-gb	Published online 2011 Jan 31. doi: 
cy-gb	Cyhoeddwyd ar-lein 31 Ionawr 2011. doi: 

en-gb	10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00246 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3153850/ (accessed 22 January 2018) 
cy-gb	10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00246https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3153850/ (cyrchwyd ar 22 Ionawr 2018) 

en-gb	Traumatic events in childhood, including neglect and abuse, interpersonal violence, and bereavement, are associated with a much higher rate of illness in adulthood, including physical illnesses as well as chronic pain and medically unexplained symptoms. 
cy-gb	Mae digwyddiadau trawmatig yn ystod plentyndod, gan gynnwys esgeulustod a chamdriniaeth, trais rhyngbersonol, a phrofedigaeth, yn gysylltiedig â chyfradd llawer uwch o salwch ymysg oedolion, gan gynnwys salwch corfforol yn ogystal â phoen cronig a symptomau nad oes modd eu hesbonio'n feddygol. 

en-gb	Such features should be seen as key aspects of an individual’s life story, elicited through sympathetic, systematic enquiry, and considered as a potentially important factor in identifying effective management options. 
cy-gb	Dylid ystyried nodweddion o'r fath fel agweddau allweddol ar stori bywyd unigolyn, y gellir dod o hyd iddynt drwy ymholiad sympathetig a systematig, ac y dylid eu hystyried yn ffactor a allai fod yn bwysig o ran nodi opsiynau rheoli effeithiol.  

en-gb	Information and advice 
cy-gb	Gwybodaeth a chyngor 

en-gb	The information and advice provided to people living with persistent pain must ensure the reader has the ability to digest and utilise the information effectively. 
cy-gb	Mae'n rhaid i'r wybodaeth a'r cyngor a roddir i bobl sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus sicrhau bod y darllenydd yn gallu deall a defnyddio'r wybodaeth mewn modd effeithiol. 

en-gb	Health and social care professionals may need to reflect on a person’s competency, capacity and literacy when considering why individuals may not be responding or reacting to correspondence or providing information accordingly. 
cy-gb	Efallai y bydd angen i weithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol ystyried galluedd, cymhwysedd a llythrennedd unigolyn wrth ystyried pam efallai nad yw unigolion yn cydnabod neu'n ymateb i ohebiaeth neu'n rhoi gwybodaeth yn unol â hynny. 

en-gb	Alternative methods of communication should be considered. 
cy-gb	Dylid ystyried dulliau eraill o gyfathrebu. 

en-gb	For example, Welsh Government guidance advises that people within gypsy and traveller communities may have improved interaction with the health service when contacted face to face, via text message or on the phone, as opposed to receiving a letter .  
cy-gb	Er enghraifft, mae canllawiau Llywodraeth Cymru yn cynghori y gellir gwella rhyngweithio pobl mewn cymunedau sipsiwn a theithwyr â'r gwasanaeth iechyd pan gysylltir â nhw wyneb yn wyneb, trwy neges destun neu dros y ffôn, yn hytrach na derbyn llythyr.

en-gb	http://gov.wales/docs/dhss/publications/150730guidanceen.pdf
cy-gb	http://gov.wales/docs/dhss/publications/150730guidancecy.pdf

en-gb	People living with pain and professionals need to be able to find and understand the relevant health information. 
cy-gb	Mae angen i bobl sy'n byw gyda phoen a gweithwyr proffesiynol ddeall a gallu dod o hyd i'r wybodaeth iechyd berthnasol. 

en-gb	There is an associated link  between those having poor health literacy and acquiring poorer health outcomes. 
cy-gb	Yn achos pobl nad ydynt yn meddu ar wybodaeth ynghylch iechyd, mae cysylltiad  rhwng hynny a chael canlyniadau gwaeth o ran iechyd. 

en-gb	Briggs and others., Health literacy and beliefs among a community cohort with and without chronic low back pain
cy-gb	Briggs ac eraill,Health literacy and beliefs among a community cohort with and without chronic low back pain

en-gb	]. [Pain. 
cy-gb	[Pain 2010; 

en-gb	2011] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20603025 (accessed 22 January 
cy-gb	150: 275 – 283]. [Pain. 2011] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20603025 (cyrchwyd ar 22 Ionawr 2018) 

en-gb	There are many third sector and local based organisations that can support pain management for those who are in need. 
cy-gb	Mae llawer o sefydliadau trydydd sector a lleol sy'n gallu cefnogi’r dasg o reoli poen ar gyfer y rhai sydd mewn angen. 

en-gb	Health boards and local authorities are strongly encouraged to make these organisations visible to their populations via their websites and literature.  
cy-gb	Anogir byrddau iechyd ac awdurdodau lleol yn gryf i wneud y sefydliadau hyn yn weladwy i'w poblogaethau drwy eu gwefannau a'u gwybodaeth.  

en-gb	Education Programmes for Patients (EPP) Cymru 11 provides a range of self-management health and well being courses and workshops for people living with a health conditions or for those who care for someone with a health condition. 
cy-gb	Mae Rhaglenni Addysg i Gleifion Cymru 11  yn cynnig amrywiaeth o gyrsiau hunanreoli iechyd a llesiant a gweithdai ar gyfer pobl sy'n byw gyda chyflyrau iechyd neu'r rhai sy'n gofalu am rywun gyda chyflwr iechyd. 

en-gb	In 2017, Public Health Wales purchased the licence to train EPP trainers across Wales to facilitate the Stanford Pain Management Programme, which is a 6-week lay-person led group. 
cy-gb	Yn 2017, archebodd Iechyd Cyhoeddus Cymru'r drwydded i hyfforddi hyfforddwyr Rhaglenni Addysg i Gleifion Cymru ar draws Cymru i hwyluso Rhaglen Rheoli Poen Stanford, sef grŵp chwe wythnos a arweinir gan unigolion lleyg. 

en-gb	In Wales, the following resources are also available: 
cy-gb	Yng Nghymru, mae'r adnoddau canlynol ar gael hefyd:  

en-gb	the original chronic disease self-management programme for people with health conditions a course for carers 
cy-gb	y rhaglen hunanreoli clefyd cronig wreiddiol ar gyfer pobl sydd â chyflyrau iechyd   cwrs ar gyfer gofalwyr 

en-gb	an Online Self-Management Course  
cy-gb	cwrs hunanreoli ar-lein  

en-gb	a 3 Hour Health and Well Being Course 
cy-gb	cwrs iechyd a llesiant tair awr 

en-gb	ACTIONS 
cy-gb	CAMAU GWEITHREDU 

en-gb	Effective communication  
cy-gb	Cyfathrebu effeithiol 

en-gb	Health and social care professionals should use effective and appropriate language when communicating prudent healthcare messages. 
cy-gb	Dylai gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol ddefnyddio iaith effeithiol a phriodol wrth rannu negeseuon gofal iechyd darbodus. 

en-gb	They should be clear about the effects of the person’s condition and prepare them for any ‘negative’ news. 
cy-gb	Dylent fod yn glir o ran effeithiau cyflwr yr unigolyn a'i baratoi ar gyfer unrhyw newyddion 'negyddol'. 

en-gb	The full range of medical, surgical and therapeutic options available to reduce and manage their pain should be explored.  
cy-gb	Dylid archwilio'r ystod lawn o opsiynau meddygol, llawdriniaethol a therapiwtig sydd ar gael er mwyn lleihau a rheoli ei boen.  

en-gb	Access to open resources 
cy-gb	Mynediad at adnoddau agored 

en-gb	Health boards should advise people in their area about third sector provision for helping them deal with their persistent pain. 
cy-gb	Dylai byrddau iechyd gynghori pobl yn eu hardal ynglŷn â darpariaethau trydydd sector sy'n gallu helpu iddynt ymdopi â'u poen parhaus. 

en-gb	Each local authority has an information, advice and assistance service relating to care and support and assistance in accessing that care and support, with the majority using DEWIS.Wales 12  to provide local information relating to people’s well-being.  
cy-gb	Mae gan bob awdurdod lleol wasanaeth gwybodaeth, cyngor a chymorth mewn perthynas â gofal a chefnogaeth a chymorth o ran cael mynediad at y gofal a'r cymorth hwnnw, ac mae'r rhan fwyaf ohonynt yn defnyddio DEWIS.Cymru 12  i ddarparu gwybodaeth leol mewn perthynas â llesiant pobl.  

en-gb	https://www.wales.nhs.uk/sites3/home.cfm?orgid=537
cy-gb	https://www.wales.nhs.uk/sites3/home.cfm?orgid=537

en-gb	https://www.dewis.wales/
cy-gb	https://www.dewis.cymru/

en-gb	Part 2: 
cy-gb	Rhan 2: 

en-gb	Evidence Base 
cy-gb	Y sylfaen dystiolaeth 

en-gb	The aim of this section is to provide health and social care professionals with sources of reliable guidance so they can develop shared decision making tools and provide people living with pain with choice.   
cy-gb	Diben yr adran hon yw darparu ffynonellau o arweiniad dibynadwy ar gyfer gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol er mwyn iddynt allu datblygu dulliau gwneud penderfyniadau ar y cyd a chynnig dewis i bobl sy'n byw gyda phoen.   

en-gb	It is important that clinicians utilise high quality evidence. 
cy-gb	Mae'n bwysig bod clinigwyr yn defnyddio tystiolaeth o ansawdd uchel. 

en-gb	The following list provides links to high quality guidelines and evidence to inform and commission practice: 
cy-gb	Mae'r rhestr ganlynol yn cynnwys dolenni at ganllawiau a thystiolaeth o ansawdd uchel er mwyn llywio a chomisiynu arfer: 

en-gb	The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) is an agency of the National Health Service charged with promoting clinical excellence in NHS service providers in England and Wales, by developing guidance and recommendations on the effectiveness of treatments and medical procedures.  
cy-gb	Mae’r Sefydliad Cenedlaethol dros Ragoriaeth mewn Iechyd a Gofal (NICE) yn asiantaeth i’r Gwasanaeth Iechyd Gwladol ac mae’n gyfrifol am hyrwyddo rhagoriaeth glinigol o fewn darparwyr gwasanaethau'r GIG yng Nghymru a Lloegr, trwy ddatblygu canllawiau ac argymhellion o ran effeithiolrwydd triniaethau a llawdriniaethau meddygol.  

en-gb	NICE recommendations are issued in the form of "technology appraisals". 
cy-gb	Mae argymhellion NICE yn cael eu rhannu ar ffurf "arfarniadau technoleg". 

en-gb	These are based on a review of evidence of clinical and cost effectiveness for a particular technology, and give recommendations about whether and in what circumstances the technology should be used in the NHS. 
cy-gb	Mae'r rhain yn seiliedig ar adolygiad o dystiolaeth ynghylch pa mor effeithiol yw technoleg benodol yn glinigol ac o ran costau, ac yn rhoi argymhellion o ran a ddylai'r GIG ddefnyddio'r dechnoleg ac o dan ba amgylchiadau. 

en-gb	The majority of technologies assessed by NICE are drugs, but it has also considered surgical procedures, medical devices and screening technologies. 
cy-gb	Mae'r rhan fwyaf o dechnolegau a asesir gan NICE yn gyffuriau, ond mae hefyd wedi ystyried gweithdrefnau llawfeddygol, dyfeisiau meddygol a thechnolegau sgrinio. 

en-gb	NICE also produces "clinical guidelines", providing wider guidance on the management of whole diseases or clinical conditions, which usually include several different treatment options. 
cy-gb	Mae NICE hefyd yn creu "canllawiau clinigol", sy'n cynnig canllawiau ehangach ynghylch rheoli afiechydon neu gyflyrau clinigol cyfan, a fydd fel arfer yn cynnwys sawl opsiwn gwahanol o ran triniaeth. 

en-gb	NICE is also responsible for assessing the safety and efficacy of interventional procedures for diagnosis and treatment. 
cy-gb	Mae NICE hefyd yn gyfrifol am asesu diogelwch ac effeithiolrwydd gweithdrefnau ymyriadol ar gyfer diagnosis a thriniaeth. 

en-gb	NICE is tasked with conducting assessments and drawing up guidelines by the Department of Health and the Welsh Government. 
cy-gb	Mae NICE yn gyfrifol am gynnal asesiadau a llunio canllawiau gan yr Adran Iechyd a Llywodraeth Cymru. 

en-gb	The Faculty of Pain Medicine 13 is the professional body responsible for the training, assessment and continuing professional development of specialist doctors in the management of pain in the UK.  
cy-gb	Y Gyfadran Meddygaeth Poen 13 yw'r corff proffesiynol sy'n gyfrifol am hyfforddi, asesu a datblygiad proffesiynol parhaus meddygon arbenigol sy'n ymwneud â rheoli poen yn y DU.  

en-gb	The British Pain Society 1 4  aims to promote education, training, research and development in all fields of pain. 
cy-gb	Nod Cymdeithas Poen Prydain 1 4  yw hyrwyddo addysg, hyfforddiant, ymchwil a datblygiad o fewn pob maes sy'n ymwneud â phoen. 

en-gb	It endeavours to increase both professional and public awareness of the prevalence of pain and the facilities that are available for its management. 
cy-gb	Mae'n ceisio cynyddu ymwybyddiaeth broffesiynol a chyhoeddus o ran cyffredinolrwydd poen a'r cyfleusterau sydd ar gael i'w reoli. 

en-gb	The Cochrane Library is a collection of six databases that contain different types of highquality, independent evidence to inform healthcare decision-making, and a seventh database that provides information about the Cochrane review groups which provide expert advice on specific conditions. 
cy-gb	Mae Llyfrgell Cochrane yn gasgliad o chwe chronfa ddata sy'n cynnwys mathau gwahanol o dystiolaeth annibynnol o ansawdd uchel i lywio'r penderfyniadau a wneir ym maes gofal iechyd, a seithfed gronfa ddata sy'n cynnig gwybodaeth ynghylch grwpiau adolygu Cochrane, sy'n rhoi cyngor arbenigol ynglŷn â chyflyrau penodol. 

en-gb	13 www.rcoa.ac.uk/faculty - of - pain - medicine/evidence - base/chronic - pain 14 www.britishpainsociety.org
cy-gb	13 www.rcoa.ac.uk/faculty - of - pain - medicine/evidence - base/chronic - pain 14 www.britishpainsociety.org

en-gb	Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) o Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)
cy-gb	Cronfa Ddata Cochrane o Adolygiadau Systematig (CDSR ) o Cofrestr Ganolog Cochrane o Dreialon a Reolir (CENTRAL) o Cofrestr Methodoleg Cochrane (CMR)

en-gb	Cochrane Methodology Register (CMR) o Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE) o Health Technology Assessment Database (HTA) o NHS Economic Evaluation Database (EED) o About The Cochrane Collaboration
cy-gb	Cronfa Ddata o Grynodebau Adolygiadau o Effeithiau (DARE) o Cronfa Ddata o Asesiadau Technoleg Iechyd (HTA) o Cronfa Ddata o Werthusiadau Economaidd y GIG (EED) o Gwybodaeth am Gydweithrediad Cochrane

en-gb	Evidence Based Medicine and its relationship to other approaches to decision making in clinical practice, can be found at:, Ashcroft (2004) , Fernandez et al (2015) , Gilbert et al (2010) , Miles & Loughlin M. (2011) and Montori et al (2013). 
cy-gb	Mae gwybodaeth am feddygaeth sy’n seiliedig ar dystiolaeth a'i pherthynas â dulliau eraill o wneud penderfyniadau mewn arfer clinigol ar gael gan: Ashcroft (2004) , Fernandez et al.(2015) , Gilbert et al. (2010) , Miles a Loughlin (2011) ,  a Montori et al. (2013).

en-gb	ACTION 
cy-gb	CAM GWEITHREDU 

en-gb	All Health and Social Care Professionals should ensure that pain management is informed by evidence based practice and in line with the principles of prudent healthcare. 
cy-gb	Dylai pob gweithiwr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol sicrhau bod rheoli poen yn cael ei lywio gan arfer sy'n seiliedig ar dystiolaeth ac yn unol ag egwyddorion gofal iechyd darbodus.  

en-gb	Part 3 – The way forward 
cy-gb	Rhan 3: Y ffordd ymlaen 

en-gb	Excellent quality will always be a priority for those accessing and providing health and social care systems. 
cy-gb	Bydd ansawdd rhagorol yn flaenoriaeth bob amser i'r rhai sy'n defnyddio ac yn darparu systemau iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol. 

en-gb	The Wales Audit Office concluded  whilst the plan for persistent conditions is clear at a national level, improvement is required at local levels. 
cy-gb	Daeth Swyddfa Archwilio Cymru i'r casgliad  fod y cynllun ar gyfer cyflyrau parhaus yn glir ar lefel genedlaethol ond fod angen gwelliant ar lefelau lleol. 

en-gb	People in Wales need to receive excellent care in every area of the country.  
cy-gb	Mae angen i bobl yng Nghymru gael gofal rhagorol ym mhob rhan o'r wlad.  

en-gb	Auditor General for Wales, The Management of Chronic Conditions in Wales – An Update 2014 [online] http://audit.wales/system/files/publications/chronic - conditions - 2014 - english.pdf (accessed 22 January 2018) 
cy-gb	Archwilydd Cyffredinol Cymru, Rheoli Cyflyrau Cronig yng Nghymru – Diweddariad (2014) [ar-lein]https://audit.wales/cy/system/files/publications/chronic - conditions - 2014 - welsh.pdf (cyrchwyd ar 22 Ionawr 2018) 

en-gb	Health boards in Wales have adopted a multidisciplinary approach which they have found to be beneficial in improving provision in their areas. 
cy-gb	Mae byrddau iechyd yng Nghymru wedi mabwysiadu dull amlddisgyblaethol ac maent wedi canfod ei fod yn fuddiol o ran gwella darpariaeth yn eu hardaloedd. 

en-gb	There is evidence of added value of undertaking a multi-disciplinary approach and this is being demonstrated in health boards across Wales. 
cy-gb	Mae tystiolaeth i ategu'r gwerth ychwanegol o ddilyn dull amlddisgyblaethol ac mae hyn yn cael ei ddangos gan fyrddau iechyd ledled Cymru. 

en-gb	Health boards are encouraged to give further consideration to this approach and to consider holistic approaches to pain management which encourages effective self-management alongside surgical and other options where appropriate.   
cy-gb	Anogir byrddau iechyd i ystyried y dull hwn ymhellach ac i ystyried dulliau cyfannol ar gyfer rheoli poen, sy'n annog hunanreoli effeithiol ochr yn ochr ag opsiynau llawdriniaethol ac opsiynau eraill lle bo hynny'n briodol.   

en-gb	Specialist services provide treatment modalities not available to GPs, but inform the treatment of people experiencing pain who are looked after in the community. 
cy-gb	Mae gwasanaethau arbenigol yn cynnig mathau o driniaeth nad ydynt ar gael i feddygon teulu, ond sy'n llywio triniaeth pobl sydd â phoen sy'n derbyn gofal yn y gymuned. 

en-gb	This includes better mechanisms to use medication rationally and reduce variation in treatment.  
cy-gb	Mae hyn yn cynnwys mecanweithiau gwell er mwyn defnyddio meddyginiaeth yn gall a lleihau amrywiaeth o ran triniaeth.  

en-gb	Closer links between pain management programmes within specialist services and primary care projects such as the EPP may enable improved self-management depending on the level of personal/individual support required. 
cy-gb	Gall cysylltiadau agosach rhwng rhaglenni rheoli poen o fewn gwasanaethau arbenigol a phrosiectau gofal sylfaenol megis y Rhaglenni Addysg i Gleifion alluogi hunanreoli gwell yn dibynnu ar lefel y cymorth personol/unigol sydd ei angen. 

en-gb	Health boards are encouraged to avoid duplication by bringing together practitioners working with people living with pain under one umbrella. 
cy-gb	Anogir byrddau iechyd i osgoi dyblygu drwy ddod ag ymarferwyr sy'n gweithio gyda phobl sy'n byw gyda phoen at ei gilydd o dan un ambarél. 

en-gb	Linkage with other secondary services such as musculoskeletal disorders, spinal and palliative care will improve understanding amongst the differing disciplines; reduce referrals and consultations between services and lead to a consistent approach to persistent pain in Wales. 
cy-gb	Bydd cysylltiadau â gwasanaethau eilaidd eraill megis anhwylderau cyhyrysgerbydol, gofal asgwrn cefn a gofal lliniarol yn gwella dealltwriaeth ymhlith y disgyblaethau gwahanol, lleihau atgyfeiriadau ac ymgynghoriadau rhwng gwasanaethau, ac arwain at ymagwedd gyson tuag at boen parhaus yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	Each health board is encouraged to set out how they provide person centred co-ordinated care which supports people to make informed decisions, and empowers them to self-manage their chronic conditions in collaboration with health and social care professionals. 
cy-gb	Anogir pob bwrdd iechyd i amlinellu sut mae’n darparu gofal cydlynol sy'n canolbwyntio ar yr unigolyn ac yn cynorthwyo pobl i wneud penderfyniadau gwybodus, ac yn eu grymuso i hunanreoli eu cyflyrau cronig mewn cydweithrediad â gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol. 

en-gb	This should be included in their Integrated Medium Term Plans. 
cy-gb	Dylai hyn gael ei gynnwys yn ei Gynlluniau Tymor Canolig Integredig. 

en-gb	There are many examples of good practice and examples from across Wales, which produce novel and effective models of working in partnership with people living with pain in the future. 
cy-gb	Mae nifer o enghreifftiau o arfer da ac enghreifftiau o ledled Cymru, sy'n cynhyrchu modelau newydd ac effeithiol o weithio mewn partneriaeth â phobl sy'n byw gyda phoen yn y dyfodol. 

en-gb	Co-Production 
cy-gb	Cydgynhyrchu 

en-gb	A key factor to enabling the people of Wales to receive care in the optimum way is via co production . This is when service users and health and social care professionals work together in equal partnership to access the right support for the right person. 
cy-gb	Ffactor allweddol o ran galluogi pobl Cymru i dderbyn gofal yn y ffordd orau yw trwy gydgynhyrchu . Dyma pryd mae defnyddwyr gwasanaeth a gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol yn gweithio ar y cyd mewn partneriaeth gyfartal i gael mynediad at y cymorth cywir ar gyfer yr unigolyn cywir. 

en-gb	It requires building relationships and focusing on the best possible outcomes for the service user.  
cy-gb	Mae'n gofyn am adeiladu perthnasau a chanolbwyntio ar y canlyniadau gorau posibl ar gyfer y defnyddiwr gwasanaeth.  

en-gb	The key principles of co-production relating to health services: 
cy-gb	Dyma egwyddorion allweddol cydgynhyrchu mewn perthynas â gwasanaethau iechyd: 

en-gb	All participants are valued as assets and their strengths built upon 
cy-gb	Mae'r holl gyfranogwyr yn cael eu gwerthfawrogi fel asedau ac adeiladir ar eu cryfderau 

en-gb	Develop dynamic peer-support networks 
cy-gb	Datblygu rhwydweithiau cymorth gan gymheiriaid dynamig  

en-gb	Build relationships of equality and reciprocity 
cy-gb	Adeiladu perthynas o gydraddoldeb a dwyochredd 

en-gb	Create transformative change through share power and shared responsibility 
cy-gb	Creu newid trawsnewidiol drwy rannu pŵer a chyfrifoldeb 

en-gb	A co-production interactive catalogue has been produced by Public Health Wales and CoProduction Wales and includes case studies, resources and further information.  
cy-gb	Mae catalog cydgynhyrchu wedi ei greu gan Iechyd Cyhoeddus Cymru a Rhwydwaith Cydgynhyrchu Cymru ac mae'n cynnwys astudiaethau achos, adnoddau a gwybodaeth bellach.  

en-gb	ACTION 
cy-gb	CAM GWEITHREDU 

en-gb	Health boards should adopt a multidisciplinary approach to their pain management services. 
cy-gb	Dylai byrddau iechyd fynd ati mewn modd amlddisgyblaethol o ran eu gwasanaethau rheoli poen.   

en-gb	Health boards should adopt the principles of co-production to ensure people are fully involved in decisions that affect their care.  
cy-gb	Dylai byrddau iechyd fabwysiadu egwyddorion cydgynhyrchu er mwyn sicrhau bod pobl yn cael eu cynnwys yn llawn mewn penderfyniadau sy'n effeithio ar eu gofal.  

en-gb	Part 4 - Prudent Value Based Healthcare 
cy-gb	Rhan 4: Gofal iechyd darbodus sy'n seiliedig ar werth 

en-gb	Prudent healthcare is a philosophy for the whole healthcare system, giving permission to health professionals to develop and deliver services in a way which better aligns with individual need and experience. 
cy-gb	Mae gofal iechyd darbodus yn athroniaeth ar gyfer yr holl system gofal iechyd, sy'n caniatáu i weithwyr iechyd proffesiynol ddatblygu a darparu gwasanaethau mewn ffordd sy'n cyd-fynd yn well ag angen a phrofiad unigol. 

en-gb	It has attracted strong international support and is something to build on in Wales.  
cy-gb	Mae wedi denu cefnogaeth ryngwladol gref ac mae'n rhywbeth i adeiladu arno yng Nghymru.  

en-gb	Prudent Healthcare provides principles adopted by the NHS in Wales. 
cy-gb	Mae gofal iechyd darbodus yn cynnig egwyddorion a fabwysiadwyd gan GIG Cymru. 

en-gb	It aims is to empower people in their own healthcare and helps improve outcomes for the NHS.  
cy-gb	Ei nod yw grymuso pobl o ran eu gofal iechyd eu hunain ac mae'n helpu i wella canlyniadau ar gyfer y GIG.  

en-gb	Since the introduction of prudent healthcare in 2014, the NHS in Wales has applied the principles to their decision making. 
cy-gb	Ers cyflwyno gofal iechyd darbodus yn 2014, mae GIG Cymru wedi cymhwyso'r egwyddorion i’w broses o wneud penderfyniadau. 

en-gb	When prudent healthcare principles are fully embraced by those designing, managing, delivering and using healthcare services, organisations will: 
cy-gb	Pan fydd egwyddorion gofal iechyd darbodus yn cael eu derbyn yn llawn gan y rheini sy'n dylunio, rheoli, darparu a defnyddio gwasanaethau gofal iechyd, bydd sefydliadau: 

en-gb	work in partnership with others around a common goal of improving health and well-being; 
cy-gb	yn gweithio mewn partneriaeth gyda phobl eraill o amgylch nod cyffredin o wella iechyd a llesiant; 

en-gb	  be fully aligned with their quality strategy; 
cy-gb	yn cyd-fynd yn llawn â'u strategaeth ansawdd; 

en-gb	provide services to those people in greatest need first and ensure, when people receive those services, they are provided by staff with the appropriate skills and expertise to meet their needs and in locations appropriate to the level of need; 
cy-gb	yn darparu gwasanaethau yn gyntaf ar gyfer y bobl hynny y mae arnynt eu hangen fwyaf a sicrhau, pan fydd pobl yn derbyn y gwasanaethau hynny, eu bod yn cael eu darparu gan staff sy'n meddu ar y sgiliau a'r arbenigedd priodol i ddiwallu eu hanghenion ac mewn lleoliadau sy'n addas ar gyfer lefel yr angen; 

en-gb	work in partnership with the public and people living with pain, ensuring the services that are offered stand the greatest chance of improving quality of life; 
cy-gb	yn gweithio mewn partneriaeth â'r cyhoedd a phobl sy'n byw gyda phoen, gan sicrhau bod gan y gwasanaethau a gynigir y gobaith gorau o wella ansawdd bywyd;  

en-gb	ensure services and treatments will never do harm; 
cy-gb	yn sicrhau na fydd gwasanaethau a thriniaethau byth yn achosi niwed; 

en-gb	ensure care will always be based on the evidence of what works and the results published openly and transparently; 
cy-gb	yn sicrhau bod gofal bob amser yn cael ei seilio ar dystiolaeth o'r hyn sy'n gweithio a bod y canlyniadau yn cael eu cyhoeddi'n agored ac yn dryloyw; 

en-gb	strive towards the reduction of variability. 
cy-gb	yn ymdrechu tuag at leihau amrywioldeb. 

en-gb	See http://www.prudenthealthcare.org.uk/ for more details.   
cy-gb	Gweler http://www.prudenthealthcare.org.uk/cy/ i gael rhagor o wybodaeth.   

en-gb	Value based healthcare is emerging as a measurable approach to prudent healthcare – to ensure the best outcomes for money invested. 
cy-gb	Mae gofal iechyd sy'n seiliedig ar werth yn datblygu fel ymagwedd fesuradwy tuag at ofal iechyd darbodus - er mwyn sicrhau'r canlyniadau gorau o ran yr arian a fuddsoddir. 

en-gb	Work is underway to systematise value as a key aim for a prudent healthcare based system, by identifying and eradicating low value work and reducing unwarranted clinical variations in the first instance. 
cy-gb	Mae gwaith yn mynd rhagddo i systemu gwerth fel nod allweddol ar gyfer system sy'n seiliedig ar ofal iechyd darbodus, drwy nodi a gwaredu ar waith gwerth isel a lleihau amrywiaethau clinigol di-alwamdanynt yn y lle cyntaf. 

en-gb	Making Choices Together 
cy-gb	Gwneud Dewisiadau Gyda’n Gilydd 

en-gb	Embracing similar principles to prudent and value based healthcare, Making Choices Together is a movement to encourage open conversations between patients and their clinicians to make decisions together about the right care for the patient. 
cy-gb	Gan groesawu egwyddorion tebyg i ofal iechyd darbodus a gofal iechyd sy’n seiliedig ar werth, mae Gwneud Dewisiadau Gyda'n Gilydd yn symudiad i annog sgyrsiau agored rhwng cleifion a'u clinigwyr i wneud penderfyniadau ar y cyd o ran y gofal cywir ar gyfer y claf. 

en-gb	It is informed by good evidence and responsive to the needs and wishes of the patient. 
cy-gb	Mae'n cael ei lywio gan dystiolaeth dda ac mae'n ymatebol i anghenion a dymuniadau'r claf. 

en-gb	Making Choices Together seeks to encourage a change in attitudes and culture whereby clinicians find out what is important to people living with pain, offer choice as to management or support of problems and explain options leading to shared decisions whilst also identifying interventions of low value and reducing their use. 
cy-gb	Mae ‘Gwneud Dewisiadau Gyda’n Gilydd’ yn ceisio annog newid mewn agweddau a diwylliant fel y gall clinigwyr ganfod yr hyn sy'n bwysig i bobl sy'n byw gyda phoen, cynnig dewis o ran rheoli neu gefnogi problemau ac esbonio dewisiadau, gan arwain at gyd-benderfyniadau a nodi hefyd yr ymyriadau nad oes iddynt lawer o werth a lleihau'r defnydd ohonynt. 

en-gb	A key principle is that it is a clinician led movement, taken on by practitioners alongside patients with a view to creating and fostering a culture change to the way in which medicine is measured and considered, moving away from the notion that more is always better. 
cy-gb	Egwyddor allweddol yw ei fod yn symudiad a arweinir gan glinigwyr, sy'n cael ei gyflawni gan ymarferwyr ochr yn ochr â chleifion gyda nod o greu a meithrin newid diwylliannol o ran y ffordd y mae meddyginiaeth yn cael ei mesur a'i hystyried, gan symud i ffwrdd o'r syniad fod mwy yn well bob amser.  

en-gb	The Making Choice Together movement suggests a patient asks four questions when considering tests or treatments: 
cy-gb	Mae symudiad Gwneud Dewisiadau Gyda’n Gilydd yn awgrymu bod claf yn gofyn pedwar cwestiwn wrth ystyried profion neu driniaethau: 

en-gb	What are my options? 
cy-gb	Beth yw fy opsiynau? 

en-gb	What are the benefits and harms? 
cy-gb	Beth yw'r buddion a'r agweddau niweidiol? 

en-gb	Do I really need this? 
cy-gb	A oes wir angen hyn arnaf? 

en-gb	What can I do myself? 
cy-gb	 Beth ydw i’n gallu ei wneud fy hunan? 

en-gb	Similarly, health and social care professionals are encouraged to use the following to guide their opening questions to their patients: 
cy-gb	Yn yr un modd, anogir gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol i ddefnyddio'r canllaw canlynol i arwain eu cwestiynau agoriadol ar gyfer eu cleifion: 

en-gb	“What matters to you?” rather than “What is the matter with you?” 
cy-gb	"Beth sy'n bwysig i chi?" yn hytrach na "Beth sy'n bod arnoch chi?" 

en-gb	“How can we decide together how to improve things?” rather than “How can I help you?” 
cy-gb	"Sut allwn ni benderfynu gyda’n gilydd sut i wella pethau?" yn hytrach na "Sut ydw i'n gallu eich helpu chi?" 

en-gb	ACTION 
cy-gb	CAM GWEITHREDU 

en-gb	Health and social care professionals should apply the principles of Prudent Healthcare when making decisions about their management or treatment programmes.  
cy-gb	Dylai gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol weithredu egwyddorion gofal iechyd darbodus wrth wneud penderfyniadau am eu rhaglenni rheoli neu driniaeth.  

en-gb	Part 5 – Supported Self-management 
cy-gb	Rhan 5: Hunanreoli gyda chymorth  

en-gb	Most people living with persistent pain manage their health condition themselves with support and advice from health and social care professionals only when needed. 
cy-gb	Mae'r rhan fwyaf o bobl sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus yn rheoli eu cyflwr iechyd ar eu pennau eu hunain gyda chymorth a chyngor gan weithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol dim ond pan fo angen hynny. 

en-gb	Supported selfmanagement is an integral part of persistent pain management and it works best when the individual is able to take the lead in deciding how they want to live their life and are supported in finding ways of reducing persistent pain.  
cy-gb	Mae hunanreoli gyda chymorth yn rhan annatod o reoli poen parhaus ac mae'n gweithio orau pan fydd yr unigolyn yn gallu cymryd yr awenau wrth benderfynu ar sut yr hoffai fyw ei fywyd ac yn cael ei gefnogi i ddod o hyd i ffyrdd o leihau poen parhaus.  

en-gb	It is important that the support and advice is available in a timely and accessible manner. 
cy-gb	Mae'n bwysig bod y cymorth a'r cyngor ar gael mewn modd amserol a hygyrch. 

en-gb	The type of support required will change at different stages of an individual’s journey. 
cy-gb	Bydd y math o gymorth sydd ei angen yn newid yn ystod camau gwahanol o daith unigolyn. 

en-gb	When persistent pain is first diagnosed a person, and the people relevant in their lives, need to understand what management options are available and what the pros and cons of each option entail. 
cy-gb	Pan fydd unigolyn yn cael diagnosis o boen parhaus am y tro cyntaf, mae angen iddo ef neu hi, a'r bobl sy'n berthnasol yn ei fywyd, ddeall pa opsiynau rheoli sydd ar gael a beth yw'r manteision a'r anfanteision mewn perthynas â phob un o'r rhain. 

en-gb	For some people, it is best if this information is presented face to face, for others written information allows them to discuss the options with their families prior to an appointment and often a combination of both communicates most effectively. 
cy-gb	I rai pobl, mae'n well os yw'r wybodaeth hon yn cael ei chyflwyno wyneb yn wyneb; i bobl eraill, mae gwybodaeth ysgrifenedig yn caniatáu iddynt drafod yr opsiynau gyda'u teuluoedd cyn apwyntiad. Yn aml, cyfuniad o'r ddau yw'r ffordd orau o gyfathrebu. 

en-gb	Elements of self-management include improving physical functioning, psychological (and spiritual) wellbeing and social connectedness. 
cy-gb	Mae elfennau o hunanreoli yn cynnwys gwella gweithrediadau ffisegol, llesiant seicolegol (ac ysbrydol) a chysylltedd cymdeithasol. 

en-gb	It encompasses a range of techniques which have been demonstrated through research to be effective such as activity management, mindfulness, graded exercise and mood management. 
cy-gb	Mae'n cwmpasu amrywiaeth o dechnegau sydd wedi cael eu profi o fod yn effeithiol gan ymchwil megis rheoli gweithgareddau, ymwybyddiaeth ofalgar, ymarferion corff graddedig a rheoli eich hwyliau. 

en-gb	Self-management plans can be developed by individuals to include a tool kit of techniques which are tailored to their own unique situation. 
cy-gb	Gall cynlluniau hunanreoli gael eu datblygu gan unigolion i gynnwys pecyn cymorth o dechnegau sydd wedi'u teilwra at eu sefyllfa unigryw eu hunain. 

en-gb	Ideally, techniques included in the tool kit are free and available to be used whenever and wherever the individual needs it. 
cy-gb	Yn ddelfrydol, byddai'r technegau sydd wedi'u cynnwys yn y pecyn cymorth yn rhad ac am ddim ac ar gael i'w defnyddio pryd bynnag a lle bynnag y mae eu hangen ar yr unigolyn. 

en-gb	A comprehensive plan for dealing with situations such as flare-ups in symptoms as well as maximising wellbeing on a day to day basis is useful. 
cy-gb	Mae cynllun cynhwysfawr ar gyfer ymdrin â sefyllfaoedd megis symptomau sy'n ailgychwyn yn ogystal â hyrwyddo llesiant i'r eithaf o ddydd i ddydd yn ddefnyddiol. 

en-gb	Key self-management strategies should enable people to continue to live their normal lives, remain in work and socialise as they would wish and to manage variations in symptoms as they happen. 
cy-gb	Dylai strategaethau hunanreoli allweddol alluogi pobl i barhau i fyw eu bywydau arferol, aros mewn gwaith a chymdeithasu fel y dymunant, a rheoli amrywiadau mewn symptomau wrth iddynt ddigwydd. 

en-gb	In consultations, a collaborative agenda setting approach facilitates the establishment of a relationship with professionals which values the abilities of each participant. 
cy-gb	Yn ystod ymgynghoriadau, mae dull cydweithredol ar gyfer gosod yr agenda yn hwyluso'r gwaith o sefydlu perthynas gyda gweithwyr proffesiynol sy'n gwerthfawrogi gallu pob cyfranogwr. 

en-gb	In order to support people with pain to develop self-management skills, a health coaching approach is needed by professionals who builds on the individual’s existing skills and resources and has a clear focus on what matters to the individual. 
cy-gb	Er mwyn cefnogi pobl sydd â phoen i ddatblygu sgiliau hunanreoli, mae angen i weithwyr proffesiynol ddefnyddio dull hyfforddi iechyd, sy'n adeiladu ar sgiliau ac adnoddau presennol yr unigolyn ac sy'n canolbwyntio'n glir ar yr hyn sy'n bwysig i'r unigolyn. 

en-gb	The use of language that is understandable to both parties is key and prevents people feeling out of control. 
cy-gb	Mae defnyddio iaith sy'n ddealladwy i'r ddwy ochr yn allweddol ac yn atal pobl rhag teimlo fel nad oes ganddynt reolaeth. 

en-gb	The end goal is an effective management plan co-produced by the person with pain and the health and social care professional. 
cy-gb	Y nod yn y pen draw yw sicrhau cynllun rheoli effeithiol sy'n cael ei gydgynhyrchu gan yr unigolyn sydd â phoen a'r gweithiwr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol. 

en-gb	A key way for people to gain self-management skills is through attending pain management programmes. 
cy-gb	Mae mynychu rhaglenni rheoli poen yn ffordd allweddol i bobl ennill sgiliau hunanreoli. 

en-gb	These can be delivered in a variety of ways from weekly courses to residential programmes and also online but they all include the development of key condition management approaches. 
cy-gb	Gall y rhain gael eu darparu mewn nifer o ffyrdd, o gyrsiau wythnosol i raglenni preswyl, yn ogystal ag ar-lein, ond mae pob un ohonynt yn cynnwys datblygu dulliau allweddol ar gyfer rheoli cyflyrau. 

en-gb	People should be free to choose from a range of programmes which enable them to fit them into their existing lifestyle as much as possible. 
cy-gb	Dylai pobl fod yn rhydd i ddewis o blith amrywiaeth o raglenni y maent yn gallu eu hychwanegu i’w ffordd o fyw bresennol cymaint â phosibl. 

en-gb	Effective self-management is also important for preventing secondary problems such as depression and anxiety. 
cy-gb	Mae hunanreoli effeithiol hefyd yn bwysig er mwyn atal problemau eilaidd megis iselder a gorbryder. 

en-gb	Self management courses have been provided for over 10 years in Wales under the brand of EPP Cymru. 
cy-gb	Mae cyrsiau hunanreoli wedi cael eu darparu am dros ddeng mlynedd yng Nghymru o dan frand Rhaglenni Addysg i Gleifion Cymru. 

en-gb	Courses aim  to support individuals with a chronic condition to develop skills to help them to manage their health and well-being. 
cy-gb	Mae'r cyrsiau yn anelu at gynorthwyo unigolion â chyflyrau cronig i ddatblygu sgiliau i'w helpu i reoli eu hiechyd a'u llesiant. 

en-gb	Additionally, courses aim to give participants the confidence to take responsibility for their own care and make better use of health services, whilst also encouraging them to work in partnership with health and social care professionals.  
cy-gb	Yn ogystal â hyn, mae'r cyrsiau yn anelu at roi'r hyder i gyfranogwyr gymryd cyfrifoldeb dros eu gofal eu hunain a gwneud defnydd gwell o wasanaethau iechyd, wrth eu hannog ar yr un pryd i weithio mewn partneriaeth â gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol.  

en-gb	This in turn should improve the quality of life of individuals with a chronic condition and reduce pressure on NHS services. 
cy-gb	Yn ei dro, dylai hyn wella ansawdd bywyd unigolion sydd â chyflwr cronig a lleihau'r pwysau ar wasanaethau'r GIG. 

en-gb	EPP Cymru has developed a Chronic Pain Self Management course for people who have a primary or secondary diagnosis of chronic pain. 
cy-gb	Mae Rhaglenni Addysg i Gleifion Cymru wedi datblygu cwrs hunanreoli poen cronig ar gyfer pobl sydd wedi cael diagnosis o boen cronig sylfaenol neu eilaidd. 

en-gb	The Chronic Pain Self Management Programme does not conflict with existing programmes or treatment. 
cy-gb	Nid yw'r Rhaglen Hunanreoli Poen Cronig yn gwrthdaro â rhaglenni na thriniaethau presennol. 

en-gb	It has been designed to enhance regular treatment. 
cy-gb	Fe'i cynlluniwyd er mwyn gwella triniaeth reolaidd. 

en-gb	The programme provides participants the skills to coordinate all the things needed to manage their health, as well as to help them keep active in their lives. 
cy-gb	Mae'r rhaglen yn darparu'r sgiliau i gyfranogwyr er mwyn eu galluogi i gydlynu'r holl bethau sydd eu hangen i reoli eu hiechyd, yn ogystal â'u helpu i gadw'n heini yn eu bywydau. 

en-gb	In summary, self-management means the person living with persistent pain having the knowledge, skills and motivation to manage their own health and wellbeing with the support of easily accessible, high quality information and appropriately skilled professionals as and when required. 
cy-gb	I grynhoi, mae hunanreoli yn golygu bod yr unigolyn sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus yn meddu ar y wybodaeth, y sgiliau a'r cymhelliant i reoli ei iechyd a'i lesiant ei hun gyda chymorth gwybodaeth sy'n hawdd cael mynediad ati ac o ansawdd uchel a gweithwyr proffesiynol sy'n meddu ar y sgiliau priodol yn ôl y gofyn. 

en-gb	Medication use in pain management and de-prescribing 
cy-gb	Defnyddio meddyginiaeth wrth reoli poen a dadragnodi 

en-gb	Currently, medicines form the basis of the majority of people's pain management experience. 
cy-gb	Ar hyn o bryd, meddyginiaethau yw sylfaen y rhan fwyaf o brofiadau pobl mewn perthynas â rheoli poen. 

en-gb	Some people will find medicines useful. 
cy-gb	Bydd rhai pobl yn canfod bod meddyginiaethau yn ddefnyddiol. 

en-gb	However, de-prescribing relates to the planned process of reducing or stopping medications that are no longer providing a benefit or potentially causing harm. 
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, mae dadragnodi yn ymwneud â'r broses gynlluniedig o leihau neu roi'r gorau i feddyginiaethau nad ydynt bellach yn helpu neu a allent fod yn niweidiol. 

en-gb	People with persistent pain may remain on medications for significant periods of time. 
cy-gb	Gall pobl sydd â phoen parhaus aros ar feddyginiaethau am gyfnodau sylweddol o amser. 

en-gb	Often, medications will be continued despite little evidence of benefit, in terms of pain reduction or functional and quality of life improvements.   
cy-gb	Yn aml, bydd meddyginiaethau yn parhau i gael eu rhagnodi er gwaethaf y ffaith nad oes fawr o dystiolaeth i ddangos eu bod yn fuddiol, o ran lleihau poen, gwelliannau gweithrediadol neu wella ansawdd bywyd.   

en-gb	A number of organisations have developed resources to support practitioners, generally in primary care, to review and rationalise medications.  
cy-gb	Mae nifer o sefydliadau wedi datblygu adnoddau i gefnogi ymarferwyr, yn gyffredinol ym maes gofal sylfaenol, i adolygu a rhesymoli meddyginiaethau.  

en-gb	Guidance tends to be focused on particular patient groups – frail, older people have been a target due to frequent polypharmacy; 
cy-gb	Mae canllawiau yn tueddu i ganolbwyntio ar grwpiau cleifion penodol (mae pobl hŷn fregus wedi bod yn darged o ganlyniad i amlgyffuriaeth fynych) a meddyginiaethau penodol, e.e. atalyddion pympiau proton neu fensodiasepinau. 

en-gb	and particular medications e.g. proton pump inhibitors or benzodiazepines. 
cy-gb	Enghraifft o reolaeth trwy boenladdwyr a arweinir gan fferyllwyr 

en-gb	Example of Pharmacist-led analgesic management 
cy-gb	Roedd gan y person a ddaeth i gael triniaeth hanes o 10 mlynedd o boen yng ngwaelod y cefn gyda seiatica. 

en-gb	The person seeking treatment had a 10 year history of low back pain with sciatica on polypharmacy, including two muscle relaxants.  
cy-gb	Roedd yn cymryd sawl cyffur, gan gynnwys dau i lacio’r cyhyrau. 

en-gb	They had been seen by GP and Pharmacist and demonstrated limited function and depressed mood due to pain and co morbidities.  
cy-gb	Roedd wedi cael ei weld gan feddyg teulu a fferyllydd a gwelwyd bod ei symudiadau’n gyfyngedig a’i hwyliau’n isel oherwydd y boen a chyd-afiacheddau. 

en-gb	Analgesics were found to be sub-optimal so the pharmacist discussed making a change to a low-dose, slow-release opioid.  
cy-gb	Nid oedd poenliniarwyr yn ddigon effeithiol, felly trafododd y fferyllydd newid i opioid dos isel oedd yn cael ei ryddhau’n araf. 

en-gb	The pros and cons were explained and an exit plan agreed before prescribing.  
cy-gb	Esboniwyd y manteision a’r anfanteision i’r claf a chytunwyd ar gynllun terfynu cyn rhagnodi’r cyffur. 

en-gb	Once stabilized, the individual was referred to community-based physiotherapy for support and provided advice around graded increases in activity.  
cy-gb	Ar ôl i’w gyflwr sefydlogi, cyfeiriwyd yr unigolyn at fferyllydd cymunedol am gymorth a chafodd gyngor ynglŷn â chynyddu ei weithgarwch corfforol yn raddol. 

en-gb	The plan was made with the individual, GP and Pharmacist to slowly reduce muscle relaxants in line with exercise programme.  
cy-gb	Lluniwyd cynllun ar y cyd rhwng yr unigolyn, ei feddyg teulu a’i fferyllydd i leihau’r llacwyr cyhyrau yn araf, yn unol â’r rhaglen ymarfer corff. 

en-gb	After 18 months, the individual was undertaking daily stretching routine, increased function and single muscle relaxant, prescribed on 3 days per week with plans to make further reductions.  
cy-gb	18 mis yn ddiweddarach roedd yr unigolion yn gwneud ymarferion ymestyn yn ddyddiol, roedd yn gallu symud yn well ac yn cymryd un llaciwr cyhyrau ar 3 diwrnod yr wythnos, gyda chynlluniau ar y gweill i’w leihau ymhellach. 

en-gb	Reductions were also made in hypnotic prescribing and anti-depressant as sleep and mood improved with increased activity. 
cy-gb	Roedd bwriad hefyd i leihau’r cyffuriau cwsg a’r gwrthiselyddion wrth i gwsg a hwyliau’r unigolyn wella am ei fod yn symud mwy. 

en-gb	Part 6 – Health & Social Care Provision 
cy-gb	Rhan 6: Darpariaeth iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol 

en-gb	This section provides overarching models and practice examples to support the development of pain services which are aligned to the needs of those living with persistent pain, supporting resilience and mindful of future challenges.  
cy-gb	Mae'r adran hon yn cynnig modelau trosfwaol ac enghreifftiau ymarferol i gefnogi'r gwaith o ddatblygu gwasanaethau poen sy'n cyd-fynd ag anghenion y rhai sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus, gan gefnogi cydnerthedd a bod yn effro i heriau'r dyfodol.  

en-gb	Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 
cy-gb	Deddf Gwasanaethau Cymdeithasol a Llesiant (Cymru) 2014 

en-gb	The Social Services and Well-being (SSWB) Act provides the Welsh Government’s statutory framework for improving the well-being outcomes for people who require care and support.  
cy-gb	Mae Deddf Gwasanaethau Cymdeithasol a Llesiant 2014 yn darparu fframwaith statudol Llywodraeth Cymru ar gyfer gwella canlyniadau llesiant ar gyfer pobl sydd angen gofal a chymorth.  

en-gb	Under the 2014 Act local authorities have a duty to assess an individual’s eligible needs for care and support and what those care and support needs might be.   
cy-gb	O dan Ddeddf 2014, mae'n ddyletswydd ar awdurdodau lleol i asesu anghenion cymwys unigolyn ar gyfer gofal a chymorth a beth yw'r anghenion gofal a chymorth hynny.   

en-gb	Any assessment must focus on the outcomes an individual wishes to achieve in their daily life and the extent to which the provision of care and support, preventative services or the provision of information, advice and assistance could contribute to the achievement of their outcomes.  
cy-gb	Mae'n rhaid i unrhyw asesiad ganolbwyntio ar y canlyniadau y mae unigolyn yn dymuno eu cyflawni yn ei fywyd bob dydd ac i ba raddau y gallai darparu gofal a chymorth, gwasanaethau ataliol neu wybodaeth, cyngor a chymorth gyfrannu at gyflawni ei ganlyniadau.  

en-gb	Both the NHS and Social Services must work together with the individual requiring care and support to ensure their eligible needs and agreed outcomes are met.      
cy-gb	Mae'n rhaid i'r GIG a'r gwasanaethau cymdeithasol weithio gyda'i gilydd, ynghyd â’r unigolyn sydd angen gofal a chymorth, i sicrhau bod ei anghenion cymwys a'i ganlyniadau y cytunwyd arnynt yn cael eu diwallu.      

en-gb	Social Prescribing  
cy-gb	Presgripsiynu cymdeithasol 

en-gb	Social prescribing is a mechanism that acts to systematically link people to community-based wellbeing services. 
cy-gb	Mae presgripsiynu cymdeithasol yn fecanwaith sy'n gweithredu i gysylltu pobl yn systematig â gwasanaethau llesiant a leolir yn y gymuned. 

en-gb	It has become an umbrella term to describe methods of linking individuals to sources of community-based, non-medical support. 
cy-gb	Mae wedi dod yn derm ambarél i ddisgrifio dulliau o gysylltu unigolion â ffynonellau o gymorth a leolir yn y gymuned nad ydynt yn feddygol. 

en-gb	This mechanism recognises numerous factors affect people’s health. 
cy-gb	Mae'r mecanwaith yn cydnabod y ffactorau niferus sy'n effeithio ar iechyd pobl. 

en-gb	These factors include social, economic and environmental issues. 
cy-gb	Mae'r ffactorau hyn yn cynnwys materion cymdeithasol, economaidd ac amgylcheddol. 

en-gb	Social prescribing helps to enable GPs, nurses and other primary care professionals to refer people to a range of local, non-clinical support. 
cy-gb	Mae presgripsiynu cymdeithasol yn helpu i alluogi meddygon teulu, nyrsys a gweithwyr gofal sylfaenol eraill i atgyfeirio pobl at amrywiaeth o gymorth lleol, anghlinigol. 

en-gb	Sources of non-clinical care and support in local communities have a vital role to play alongside clinical care or even as an alternative in improving someone’s individual health and wellbeing outcomes. 
cy-gb	Mae gan ffynonellau o ofal a chymorth anghlinigol mewn cymunedau lleol swyddogaeth hanfodol i'w chwarae ochr yn ochr â gofal clinigol neu hyd yn oed fel dewis arall i wella iechyd a chanlyniadau llesiant unigol rhywun. 

en-gb	Sources such as Book Prescriptions, Green Gyms or welfare support can play an important part in meeting an individual’s health and wellbeing needs. 
cy-gb	Gall ffynonellau megis presgripsiynau llyfrau, ‘campfeydd gwyrdd’ neu gymorth llesiant chwarae rhan bwysig o ran diwallu anghenion iechyd a llesiant unigolyn. 

en-gb	Such schemes are often provided by the third sector and professionals are not always aware of them or of their potential benefits.  
cy-gb	Mae cynlluniau o'r fath yn aml yn cael eu darparu gan y trydydd sector ac nid yw gweithwyr proffesiynol bob amser yn ymwybodol ohonynt na'r buddion posibl sy'n gysylltiedig â nhw.  

en-gb	Providing people with the skills and tools they need to improve their health allows healthcare professionals the ability to explore different approaches to treatment and recovery, complementing the clinical support that is available in both primary and secondary care.   
cy-gb	Mae darparu'r sgiliau a'r dulliau sydd eu hangen ar bobl i wella eu hiechyd yn caniatáu i weithwyr proffesiynol gofal iechyd archwilio dulliau gwahanol mewn perthynas â thriniaeth ac adferiad, gan ategu'r cymorth clinigol sydd ar gael o fewn gofal sylfaenol ac eilaidd.   

en-gb	At its core, social prescribing is about prevention. 
cy-gb	Yn ei graidd, mae presgripsiynu cymdeithasol yn ymwneud ag atal. 

en-gb	It is a way of treating the causes not just the symptoms. 
cy-gb	Mae'n ffordd o drin yr achosion, nid y symptomau yn unig. 

en-gb	By dealing with the root causes, it encourages action which can prevent problems from arising or escalating. 
cy-gb	Drwy ymdrin â'r achosion gwraidd, mae'n annog camau gweithredu sy'n gallu atal problemau rhag digwydd neu waethygu. 

en-gb	Identifying appropriate wellbeing services can provide long term solutions and improved outcomes where people thrive and expand their opportunities to reach their potential. 
cy-gb	Gall nodi gwasanaethau llesiant priodol gyflawni atebion hirdymor a chanlyniadau gwell lle mae pobl yn ffynnu ac yn ehangu eu cyfleoedd i gyrraedd eu potensial. 

en-gb	For further the Welsh NHS Confederation has provided information and a definition of social prescribing and its link to the NHS in Wales. 16  
cy-gb	Er mwyn cael rhagor o wybodaeth, mae Conffederasiwn GIG Cymru wedi darparu gwybodaeth  am bresgripsiynu cymdeithasol, ynghyd â diffiniad ohono ac esboniad o ran sut mae'n cysylltu â GIG Cymru. 16   

en-gb	Integrated care 
cy-gb	Gofal integredig 

en-gb	The Welsh Government is committed to integrated, safe, sustainable and effective peoplecentred services aimed at improving well-being.  
cy-gb	Mae Llywodraeth Cymru wedi ymrwymo i wasanaethau integredig, diogel, cynaliadwy ac effeithiol sy'n canolbwyntio ar bobl gyda'r nod o wella llesiant. 

en-gb	For people needing care and support, care should be planned with the individual in mind and allow the person control over the outcomes.  
cy-gb	O ran pobl sydd angen gofal a chymorth, dylai gofal gael ei gynllunio gyda'r unigolyn mewn golwg, a chaniatáu i'r unigolyn hwnnw reoli'r canlyniadau.  

en-gb	An example of how to achieve this is set out in the Framework for Delivering Integrated Health and Social Care for Older People with Complex Needs .
cy-gb	Ceir enghraifft o ran sut i gyflawni hyn yn y Fframwaith ar gyfer Darparu Iechyd a Gofal Cymdeithasol Integredig ar gyfer Pobl Hŷn sydd ag Anghenion Cymhleth . 

en-gb	The Intermediate care fund was initially established to support older people to maintain independence and to improve partnership between social services, health, housing and the third and independent sectors. 
cy-gb	Sefydlwyd y Gronfa Gofal Canolraddol yn wreiddiol er mwyn cefnogi pobl hŷn i gynnal eu hannibyniaeth a gwella gwaith partneriaeth rhwng gwasanaethau cymdeithasol, iechyd, tai, y trydydd sector a'r sector annibynnol. 

en-gb	The fund was expanded in 2016-17 to support development of integrated care and support services for other groups of people, including people with learning disabilities, autism, and children with complex needs.  
cy-gb	Ehangwyd y gronfa yn 2016-17 i gefnogi'r gwaith o ddatblygu gwasanaethau gofal a chymorth integredig ar gyfer grwpiau eraill o bobl, gan gynnwys pobl sydd ag anableddau dysgu ac awtistiaeth, a phlant sydd ag anghenion cymhleth.  

en-gb	From 1 April 2017 it was rebranded as the Integrated Care Fund (ICF) to better reflect an expanded scope. 
cy-gb	O 1 Ebrill 2017, fe'i hailfrandiwyd fel y Gronfa Gofal Integredig er mwyn adlewyrchu cwmpas ehangach yn well. 

en-gb	The ICF support a range of innovative services and has been used to develop innovative models of integrated working.  
cy-gb	Mae'r Gronfa Gofal Integredig yn cefnogi amrywiaeth o wasanaethau arloesol ac mae wedi cael ei defnyddio i ddatblygu modelau arloesol o weithio'n integredig.  

en-gb	These include preventative and reablement solutions, single points of access, housing and telecare improvements, rapid response teams, dementia care and seven-day social work support.
cy-gb	Mae'r rhain yn cynnwys atebion ataliol ac ail-alluogi, pwyntiau mynediad sengl, gwelliannau tai a theleofal, timau ymateb brys, gofal dementia, a chymorth gwaith cymdeithasol saith diwrnod yr wythnos. 

en-gb	Integrated Care as an approach has been supported by numerous expert organisations. 
cy-gb	Mae gofal integredig fel dull wedi cael ei gefnogi gan nifer o sefydliadau arbenigol. 

en-gb	The Kingsfund and the International Foundation for Integrated Care have both produced short videos to help explain integrated care. 
cy-gb	’ Mae Cronfa'r Brenin a Sefydliad Rhyngwladol Gofal Integredig wedi cynhyrchu fideos byr er mwyn helpu i esbonio gofal integredig. 

en-gb	There are also many examples of models of care provided for professionals across Wales to consider. 
cy-gb	Ceir hefyd llawer o enghreifftiau o fodelau gofal a roddir i weithwyr proffesiynol eu hystyried ledled Cymru. 

en-gb	Workforce 
cy-gb	Gweithlu 

en-gb	With an increasing ageing population, it is likely that demand will increase for more pain specialists in certain areas of Wales. 
cy-gb	Gyda phoblogaeth sy'n heneiddio'n fwyfwy, mae'n debygol y bydd y galw'n cynyddu am ragor o arbenigwyr poen o fewn rhai ardaloedd yng Nghymru. 

en-gb	The Welsh Government does not routinely keep information regarding vacancies relating to pain management, but works with health boards and trusts via Integrated Medium Term Plans to understand and respond to areas where demand is required. 
cy-gb	Nid yw Llywodraeth Cymru yn cadw gwybodaeth fel mater o drefn mewn perthynas â swyddi gwag sy'n ymwneud â rheoli poen, ond mae'n gweithio gyda byrddau iechyd ac ymddiriedolaethau drwy Gynlluniau Tymor Canolig Integredig i ddeall ac ymateb i ardaloedd lle mae angen diwallu galw. 

en-gb	However, ensuring adequate provision for services is ultimately a matter for health boards.  
cy-gb	Fodd bynnag, mae sicrhau darpariaeth ddigonol ar gyfer gwasanaethau yn fater i fyrddau iechyd yn y pen draw.  

en-gb	The Faculty of Pain Medicine undertakes a regular census check for England and Wales 17  which analyses the trends relating to the pain workforce. 
cy-gb	Mae’r Gyfadran Meddygaeth Poen yn cynnal cyfrifiad rheolaidd ar gyfer Cymru a Lloegr  17  sy'n dadansoddi'r tueddiadau mewn perthynas â'r gweithlu poen. 

en-gb	The Faculty of Pain Medicine also published non-mandatory core standards as a guide numbers of staffing and what services should be available. 
cy-gb	Hefyd, cyhoeddodd y Gyfadran Meddygaeth Poen safonau craidd nad oeddent yn orfodol fel canllaw ar gyfer nifer yr aelodau staff a pha wasanaethau ddylai fod ar gael. 

en-gb	Health boards providing persistent pain services are encouraged to review these standards and adhere to as many as services will allow. 
cy-gb	Anogir byrddau iechyd sy'n darparu gwasanaethau poen parhaus i adolygu'r safonau hyn a glynu at po fwyaf ohonynt ag y mae'r gwasanaethau yn eu caniatáu. 

en-gb	16  The Welsh NHS Confederation, Social Prescribing and health and well-being, 2017. 
cy-gb	16  Conffederasiwn GIG Cymru, Social Prescribing and health and well-being  (2017) 

en-gb	http://www.nhsconfed.org/~/media/Confederation/Files/Wales%20Confed/Social%20Prescribing%20E.pdf (accessed on 22 January 2018) 17
cy-gb	http://www.nhsconfed.org/~/media/Confederation/Files/Wales%20Confed/Social%20Prescribing%20E.pdf (cyrchwyd ar 22 Ionawr 2018)  17

en-gb	Faculty of Pain Medicine, Workforce http://www.fpm.ac.uk/faculty - of - pain - medicine/workforce (accessed on 22 January 2018)
cy-gb	Y Gyfadran Meddygaeth Poen, Workforce http://www.fpm.ac.uk/faculty - of - pain - medicine/workforce (cyrchwyd ar 22 Ionawr 2018)  

en-gb	ACTION 
cy-gb	CAM GWEITHREDU 

en-gb	Health boards should provide community based social prescribing programmes and models of integrated care. 
cy-gb	Dylai byrddau iechyd gynnig rhaglenni presgripsiynu cymdeithasol a leolir yn y gymuned a modelau gofal integredig. 

en-gb	They should also ensure that through efficient workforce planning they have sufficient resources to meet the needs of their patients now and in the future. 
cy-gb	Dylent hefyd sicrhau drwy gynllunio gweithlu effeithiol fod ganddynt ddigon o adnoddau i ddiwallu anghenion eu cleifion ar hyn o bryd ac yn y dyfodol. 

en-gb	List of Actions 
cy-gb	Rhestr o’r camau gweithredu 

en-gb	Health and social care professionals should use effective and appropriate language when communicating prudent healthcare messages. 
cy-gb	Dylai gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol ddefnyddio iaith effeithiol a phriodol wrth rannu negeseuon gofal iechyd darbodus. 

en-gb	They should be clear about the effects of the person’s condition and prepare them for any ‘negative’ news. 
cy-gb	Dylent fod yn glir o ran effeithiau cyflwr yr unigolyn a'i baratoi ar gyfer unrhyw newyddion 'negyddol'. 

en-gb	The full range of medical, surgical and therapeutic options available to reduce and manage their pain should be explored.  
cy-gb	Dylid archwilio'r ystod lawn o opsiynau meddygol, llawdriniaethol a therapiwtig sydd ar gael er mwyn lleihau a rheoli ei boen.  

en-gb	Health boards should advise people in their area about third sector provision for helping them deal with their persistent pain. 
cy-gb	Dylai byrddau iechyd gynghori pobl yn eu hardal ynglŷn â darpariaethau trydydd sector sy'n gallu helpu iddynt ymdopi â'u poen barhaus. 

en-gb	Each local authority has an information, advice and assistance service relating to care and support and assistance in accessing that care and support, with the majority using DEWIS.Wales  to provide local information relating to people’s well-being.   
cy-gb	Mae gan bob awdurdod lleol wasanaeth gwybodaeth, cyngor a chymorth mewn perthynas â gofal a chefnogaeth a chymorth o ran cael mynediad at y gofal a'r cymorth hwnnw, ac mae'r rhan fwyaf ohonynt yn defnyddio DEWIS.Cymru  i ddarparu gwybodaeth leol mewn perthynas â llesiant pobl.   

en-gb	https://www.dewis.wales/
cy-gb	https://www.dewis.cymru/

en-gb	All Health and Social Care Professionals should ensure that pain management is informed by evidence based practice and in line with the principles of prudent healthcare.  
cy-gb	Dylai pob gweithiwr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol sicrhau bod rheoli poen yn cael ei lywio gan arfer sy'n seiliedig ar dystiolaeth ac yn unol ag egwyddorion gofal iechyd darbodus.  

en-gb	Health boards should adopt a multidisciplinary approach to their pain management services. 
cy-gb	Dylai byrddau iechyd fynd ati mewn modd amlddisgyblaethol o ran eu gwasanaethau rheoli poen.      

en-gb	Health boards should adopt the principles of co-production to ensure people are fully involved in decisions that affect their care. 
cy-gb	Dylai byrddau iechyd fabwysiadu egwyddorion cydgynhyrchu er mwyn sicrhau bod pobl yn cael eu cynnwys yn llawn mewn penderfyniadau sy'n effeithio ar eu gofal. 

en-gb	Health and social care professionals should apply the principles of Prudent Healthcare when making decisions about their management or treatment programmes.  
cy-gb	Dylai gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol weithredu egwyddorion gofal darbodus wrth wneud penderfyniadau am eu rhaglenni rheoli neu driniaeth.  

en-gb	Health boards should develop self management plans with individuals and consider medication reviews for people on pain management programmes to ensure the most appropriate treatment is provided.  
cy-gb	Dylai byrddau iechyd ddatblygu cynlluniau hunanreoli gydag unigolion ac ystyried adolygiadau meddyginiaeth ar gyfer pobl ar raglenni rheoli poen er mwyn sicrhau bod y driniaeth fwyaf priodol yn cael ei darparu.  

en-gb	Health boards should provide community based social prescribing programmes and models of integrated care. 
cy-gb	Dylai byrddau iechyd ddarparu rhaglenni presgripsiynu cymdeithasol a leolir yn y gymuned a modelau gofal integredig. 

en-gb	They should also ensure that through efficient workforce planning they have sufficient resources to meet the needs of their patients now and in the future. 
cy-gb	Dylent hefyd sicrhau drwy gynllunio gweithlu effeithiol fod ganddynt ddigon o adnoddau i ddiwallu anghenion eu cleifion ar hyn o bryd ac yn y dyfodol. 

en-gb	Annex 1: 
cy-gb	Atodiad 1: 

en-gb	Patient Stories  
cy-gb	Storïau cleifion 

en-gb	This document was developed with contributions from people living in pain throughout Wales. 
cy-gb	Crëwyd y ddogfen hon gyda chyfraniadau gan bobl sy'n byw gyda phoen ledled Cymru. 

en-gb	This annex provides examples from those people relating to the realities of living with pain and the different experiences they faced: 
cy-gb	Mae'r atodiad hwn yn rhoi enghreifftiau oddi wrth y bobl hynny mewn perthynas â'r realiti o fyw gyda phoen a'r profiadau gwahanol yr oeddent yn eu hwynebu: 

en-gb	Story 1: Lack of shared decision making and therapeutic alliance 
cy-gb	Stori 1:Diffyg gwneud penderfyniadau ar y cyd a chynghrair therapiwtig 

en-gb	Person A spent many years being referred between medical professionals until being diagnosed with a “Neurological function disorder". 
cy-gb	Treuliodd Claf A flynyddoedd lawer yn cael ei atgyfeirio rhwng gweithwyr proffesiynol meddygol nes iddo gael diagnosis o "anhwylder swyddogaeth niwrolegol". 

en-gb	He attended a Persistent Pain Clinic and attended a twelve week pain management course. 
cy-gb	Mynychodd glinig poen parhaus a chwrs rheoli poen deuddeg wythnos o hyd. 

en-gb	Unfortunately however his pain continued to worsen. 
cy-gb	Er gwaethaf hyn, yn anffodus roedd ei boen yn parhau i waethygu. 

en-gb	Having undertaken the meditation, breathing exercises, mindfulness and positive thinking, he was able to re-evaluate the issue. 
cy-gb	Ar ôl cymryd y feddyginiaeth a gwneud ymarferion anadlu, ymwybyddiaeth ofalgar a meddwl yn gadarnhaol, roedd yn gallu ailwerthuso'r broblem. 

en-gb	Although the pain was not relieved, his understanding of his own pain was extremely beneficial. 
cy-gb	Er nad oedd y poen yn cael ei leddfu, roedd deall ei boen ei hun yn fuddiol iawn. 

en-gb	Throughout the process of seeking help, prior to his consultation at the pain clinic, a huge amount of time and effort was duplicated repeatedly. 
cy-gb	Drwy gydol y broses o chwilio am gymorth, cyn ei ymgynghoriad yn y clinig poen, cafodd llawer iawn o amser ac ymdrechion eu dyblygu dro ar ôl tro. 

en-gb	Person A felt everyone appeared to be working in isolation. 
cy-gb	Roedd Claf A yn teimlo fel bod pawb yn gweithio ar eu pennau eu hunain. 

en-gb	Tests were repeated and he left appointments feeling medical professionals did not believe him and his debilitating pain was never addressed in any meaningful way. 
cy-gb	Cynhaliwyd profion dro ar ôl dro, gadawodd apwyntiadau yn teimlo fel nad oedd y gweithwyr proffesiynol meddygol yn ei gredu, ac ni chafodd ei boen gwanychol ei drin mewn unrhyw ffordd ystyrlon. 

en-gb	It was impressed upon him that there was a need for acceptance that NHS could not aid him any further and he would just need to learn to live with his pain.  
cy-gb	Dywedwyd wrtho'n ddiffuant y byddai'n rhaid derbyn na allai'r GIG gynnig unrhyw gymorth pellach iddo a byddai'n rhaid iddo ddysgu sut i fyw â'i boen.  

en-gb	Although this is an account of Patient A's pain, he was also suffering from many other symptoms and was generally very unwell. 
cy-gb	Er mai adroddiad ynghylch poen Claf A yw hwn, roedd hefyd yn dioddef o lawer o symptomau eraill, ac yn sâl iawn yn gyffredinol. 

en-gb	He was convinced through his own research that although undiagnosed through normal tests, an immune system malfunction was the underlying problem. 
cy-gb	Cafodd ei argyhoeddi trwy ei ymchwil ei hun, er nad oedd y profion arferol wedi gwneud y diagnosis, mai camweithio yn y system imiwnedd oedd wrth wraidd y broblem. 

en-gb	Because the pain management course had emboldened him with a new understanding of his pain; he approached his doctor feeling newly empowered and was pleasantly surprised to find his doctor, taking the time to re-evaluate the evidence, agreed with him. 
cy-gb	Gan fod y cwrs rheoli poen wedi'i ysbrydoli gyda dealltwriaeth newydd o'i boen, aeth at ei feddyg yn teimlo fel bod ganddo rym newydd a chafodd syndod braf i ganfod bod y meddyg, ar ôl ailystyried y dystiolaeth, yn cytuno ag ef. 

en-gb	New medication was prescribed and this, coupled with self management techniques, resulted in a major reduction of pain. 
cy-gb	Rhagnodwyd meddyginiaeth newydd a chanlyniad hyn, ynghyd â thechnegau hunanreoli, oedd lleihad mawr yn y poen. 

en-gb	Many of the other debilitating manifestations of his condition were reduced or eliminated. 
cy-gb	Cafodd llawer o amlygiadau gwanychol eraill ei gyflwr eu lleihau neu gwaredwyd arnynt. 

en-gb	Now with the correct medication and the aid of the techniques learned on the pain course, patient A leads a nearly normal life.  
cy-gb	Gyda'r feddyginiaeth gywir a chymorth y technegau a ddysgwyd ar y cwrs poen, mae Claf A bellach yn byw bywyd arferol.  

en-gb	 Patient  A believes if instead of just repeating tests, a clear pain management path had been discussed, coupled with a clinical approach to diagnosis, years of wasted NHS resources and unnecessary pain could have been avoided. 
cy-gb	Mae Claf A yn credu pe bai llwybr rheoli poen clir wedi cael ei drafod, ynghyd â dull clinigol at ddiagnosis, yn lle cynnal profion dro ar ôl dro, gellid bod wedi osgoi blynyddoedd o wastraffu adnoddau'r GIG a phoen dianghenraid. 

en-gb	The many years patient  A spent in pain and seeking help had eroded his confidence completely and he attributes his reinvigorated determination to be heard once again to the lessons learned on the pain management course. 
cy-gb	Roedd y blynyddoedd lawer a dreuliodd Claf A mewn poen ac yn ceisio am gymorth wedi erydu ei hyder yn llwyr ac mae'n priodoli ei bendantrwydd newydd i gael ei glywed unwaith eto at y gwersi a ddysgwyd ar y cwrs rheoli poen. 

en-gb	Story 2: 
cy-gb	Stori 2: 

en-gb	Successful approach of Pain Management 
cy-gb	Dull llwyddiannus o reoli poen 

en-gb	Person B recently completed the worthwhile and effective bio-psychosocial Pain Management Programme. 
cy-gb	Cwblhaodd Claf B y rhaglen rheoli poen bio-seicogymdeithasol gwerthfawr ac effeithiol yn ddiweddar. 

en-gb	She describes the course as extremely beneficially not only to her, but to family and friends too. 
cy-gb	Mae'n dweud bod y cwrs wedi bod yn hynod fuddiol nid yn unig iddi hi, ond i'w theulu a'i ffrindiau hefyd. 

en-gb	For the past 6 years Person B has been on a cocktail of medication. 
cy-gb	Ers y chwe blynedd diwethaf, mae Claf B wedi bod ar goctel o feddyginiaethau. 

en-gb	She had become unsociable, depressed and lacked control over her pain. 
cy-gb	Roedd hi wedi dod yn anghymdeithasol, yn dioddef o iselder, a heb reolaeth dros ei phoen. 

en-gb	With medication she felt disengaged and without it the pain increased.  
cy-gb	Roedd hi'n teimlo'n ddatgysylltiedig ar ôl cymryd y feddyginiaeth ond roedd y poen yn cynyddu hebddi.  

en-gb	It is thought that she had either prolapsed the L4 and L5 discs during/after labour or possibly had Sacro Iliac Joint Dysfunction from falling off the hospital bed just after giving birth. 
cy-gb	Credir naill ai bod ei disgiau L4 a L5 wedi llithro yn ystod / ar ôl rhoi genedigaeth neu roedd yn bosib fod ganddi gamweithrediad ar ei chymal sacroiliac ar ôl disgyn o'r gwely yn yr ysbyty yn syth ar ôl rhoi genedigaeth. 

en-gb	MRI’s and X rays failed to show that there is anything remarkable that would need to be operated on.  
cy-gb	Ni lwyddodd sganiau MRI na phelydr-X i ganfod unrhyw beth nodedig y byddai angen llawdriniaeth arno. 

en-gb	The approach has been to undertake epidural, injections, physiotherapy, chiropody and various ‘self-help’ methods such as massage and acupuncture. 
cy-gb	Mabwysiadwyd dull a oedd yn cynnwys cynnig triniaethau epidwral, pigiadau, ffisiotherapi, trin traed, ac amrywiaeth o ddulliau 'hunangymorth' megis tylino ac aciwbigo. 

en-gb	These methods provided temporary relief if any. 
cy-gb	Roedd y dulliau hyn yn rhoi rhyddhad dros dro, os o gwbl. 

en-gb	The advice usually resulted in increasing or changing the pain medication.  
cy-gb	Roedd y cyngor fel arfer yn arwain at gynyddu neu newid y feddyginiaeth ar gyfer y poen.  

en-gb	Since taking part in the programme, Person B learnt various aspects about her pain, its effects and how to manage it more effectively. 
cy-gb	Ers bod yn rhan o'r rhaglen, dysgodd Claf B ynglŷn ag amrywiaeth o agweddau ar ei phoen, ei effeithiau, a sut i'w reoli'n fwy effeithiol. 

en-gb	She learned her experiences were normal in comparison to others in the group. 
cy-gb	Dysgodd fod ei phrofiadau yn arferol o'u cymharu â phobl eraill yn y grŵp. 

en-gb	Talking to others with persistent pain made a huge difference to how she viewed her own conditions, realising that she has been unrealistic, wished for quick answers and didn’t correctly look after her physical and mental health.  
cy-gb	Gwnaeth siarad â phobl eraill gyda phoen parhaus wahaniaeth mawr i'r ffordd yr oedd hi'n gweld ei chyflyrau ei hun ac mae wedi sylweddoli nad oedd hi wedi bod yn realistig yn gobeithio am atebion cyflym ac nid oedd yn gofalu am ei hiechyd corfforol a meddyliol yn gywir.  

en-gb	The health care professionals communicated the course in a clear and professional manner and were approachable from the beginning. 
cy-gb	Esboniodd y gweithwyr proffesiynol gofal iechyd y cwrs mewn ffordd glir a phroffesiynol, ac roeddent yn hawdd mynd atynt o'r cychwyn. 

en-gb	They answered questions honestly and did not present any pre-conceived ideas. 
cy-gb	Roeddent yn ateb cwestiynau'n onest ac nid oedd ganddynt unrhyw ragdybiaethau ymlaen llaw. 

en-gb	Person B learnt to avoid assumptions regarding what others are thinking or feeling or assuming what will happen in the future.  
cy-gb	Dysgodd Claf B i osgoi rhagdybiaethau o ran yr hyn mae pobl eraill yn ei gredu neu'n teimlo, ac unrhyw beth a allai ddigwydd yn y dyfodol.  

en-gb	This has resulted in Person B being able to do more of the things that she enjoys whilst significantly reducing medication. 
cy-gb	Mae hyn wedi golygu bod Claf B yn gallu gwneud mwy o'r pethau y mae hi'n eu mwynhau, gan leihau'r feddyginiaeth yn sylweddol. 

en-gb	Communication between family and friends has improved significantly now that she is being more open and honest. 
cy-gb	Mae cyfathrebu rhwng teulu a ffrindiau wedi gwella'n sylweddol gan ei bod hi bellach yn fwy agored ac onest. 

en-gb	Person B is able to refuse things, explain why and not feel guilt. 
cy-gb	Mae Claf B yn gallu gwrthod pethau, esbonio pam, a pheidio â theimlo'n eog. 

en-gb	Person B is coping with pain and putting her life before it. 
cy-gb	Mae Claf B yn ymdopi â'r poen ac yn rhoi ei bywyd o'i flaen. 

en-gb	She advises she is slowly becoming sociable again and is enjoying doing more activities. 
cy-gb	Mae'n dweud ei bod hi'n dod yn gymdeithasol unwaith eto'n araf deg ac yn mwynhau gwneud mwy o weithgareddau. 